ืื ื’ืœื™ืชืฆืจืคืชื™ืชืกืคืจื“ื™

ืกืžืœ OnWorks

psbasemapgmt - ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ืŸ

ื”ืคืขืœ ืืช psbasemapgmt ื‘ืกืคืง ืื™ืจื•ื— ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ืฉืœ OnWorks ืขืœ ืื•ื‘ื•ื ื˜ื• ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ, ืคื“ื•ืจื” ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ, ืืžื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ Windows ืื• ืืžื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ MAC OS

ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” psbasemapgmt ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืกืคืง ื”ืื™ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื™ื ืžื™ ืฉืœ OnWorks ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ Ubuntu Online, Fedora Online, ืืžื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ Windows ืื• ืืžื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ MAC OS

ืชึธื›ึฐื ึดื™ืช:

ืฉืึตื


psbasemap - ืฉืœื‘ ืžืคื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืก PostScript

ืชึทืงืฆึดื™ืจ


psbasemap ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืขืจื‘/ืžื–ืจื—/ื“ืจื•ื/ืฆืคื•ืŸ[/zmin/zmax][r] [ [p|s]ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ] [ [ืคื™ืœื”] ] [
ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืงื•ืคืกื” ] [ ืงื•ืคืกื” ] [ ] [ z|Zืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ] [ ืฉืœื™ื˜ ] [ ] [ ] [ [ืจืง/dx/dy/][c|ืชื•ื•ื™ืช]]
[ ื•ืจื“ ] [ ืžื’_ืจื•ื– ] [ [ืจึธืžึธื”] ] [ x_offset ] [ y_offset ] [ -cืขื•ืชืงื™ื ] [ -f] [
-p] [ -t]

ื”ืขืจื”: ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื’ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืืจื’ื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื™ื›ื™ื.

ืชื™ืื•ืจ


psbasemap ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืงื•ื“ PostScript ืฉื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก. ืžืกืคืจ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื”
ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ
ื”ืขืจื•ืช, ืชืงืชื•ืงื™ื ื•ืงื•ื•ื™ ืจืฉืช [ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื]. ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืคื” ืื• ื•ืจื“ ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™
ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช -B, -L, ืื• -T ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ.

ื ื“ืจืฉ ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื


-Jืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืงืจื ืช ืžืคื”.

-ืจ[ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”]xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax[ืจ] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” p, ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ /zmin/zmax. (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)

ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื


-ื[ืคื™ืœื”]
ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขืช ื–ืžืžื”. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืื ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ
ืžืชืืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ืœืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืคื” ื”ืžืœื‘ื ื™ืช (ืื•ืœื™ ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ืช). ื”ืขืœื™ืœื”
ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช -R ื• -J, ืœืœื ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื”
ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื ืฉืœื˜ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช MAP_LINE_STEP ืคึผึธืจึธืžึถื˜ึถืจ. ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ืœ
ืคื™ืœื” ืื• ืœืคืœื˜ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ ืื ืœื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ.

-B[p|s]ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืคื”.

-ื“[ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”]xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax[r][+sืคื™ืœื”] |
-D[g|j|J|n|x]ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ+wืจื•ื—ื‘[/ื’ื•ื‘ื”][+jืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง][+odx[/dy]][+sืคื™ืœื”]
ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืžืคื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื”. ื“ื•ืจืฉ -F. ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืื—ื“ ืž
ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื: (ื) ืชืŸ ืžืขืจื‘/ืžื–ืจื—/ื“ืจื•ื/ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืœื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืชื—ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืžืจื™ื“ื™ืื ื™ื; ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ r ืื ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•
ื”ืคื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ื™. (ื‘) ืชืŸ uxmin/xmax/ymin/ymax of
ืžืœื‘ืŸ ืชื•ื—ื ื‘ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืจื ื•ืช (ื›ืืŸ, u ื”ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช). (ื’)
ืชืŸ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืข
ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช: (1) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -Dg ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžืคื” (ืžืฉืชืžืฉ), (2) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -DJ or -DJ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื”
ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืคื” (ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”).
ืžืœื‘ืŸ, (3) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื“ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืจืžืœื•ืช (0-1), ืื• (4) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -Dx ืœืขืœื™ืœื”
ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•'). ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +wืจื•ื—ื‘[/ื’ื•ื‘ื”] ืฉืœ ืžืœื‘ืŸ ืชื•ื—ื ืื•
ืชื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืขืœื™ืœื” (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•'). ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ, ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘-
ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืงื ื” โ€‹โ€‹ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” (BL), ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
ืžืฆืจืฃ +j ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืจืื” pstext). ื”ืขืจื”:
If -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืื– ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ ื–ื”ื” ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืื -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืื–
ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืœืžืจืื” ืฉืžืžื•ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื”ื•ืกืฃ +o ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื–ื– ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข
ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืคื™ dx/dy ืžืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืื•ึน
ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž -DJ or -DJ). ืื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ
ื‘ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืคื” ื•ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืคื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ
sืคื™ืœื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืคื™ืœื”. ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื” -F
ืืคืฉืจื•ืช [ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“].

-F[d|l|t][+cืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื][+gืœืžืœื][+ืื ื™[[ืคืขืจ/]ืขื˜]][+p[ืขื˜]][+r[ืจึทื“ึดื™ื•ึผืก]][+s[[dx/dy/][ืฆึตืœ]]]
ืœืœื ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืœื‘ื ื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืžืคื” (-D), ืžืคื”
ืกื•ืœื (-L) ืื• ืžืคื” ื•ืจื“ (-T) ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช MAP_FRAME_PEN; ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ืขื˜ ืื—ืจ
+pืขื˜. ื”ื•ืกืฃ +gืœืžืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืœื•ื’ื• [ืœืœื ืžื™ืœื•ื™]. ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +cืžืจื•ื•ื— ืื™ืคื”
ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืื• ืคืขืจ, xgap/ygap, ืื• lgap/rgap/bgap/tgap ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
ืื—ื™ื“, ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ x ื•-y, ืื• ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฆื“ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื’ื•
ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืœ. ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +i ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืฉื ื™ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื
ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 2p ื• MAP_DEFAULTS_PEN ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
ื ึธืงื•ึผื‘. ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +r ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ื’ืœื™ื, ืขื 6p ื‘ืคื™ื ื”
ืจึทื“ึดื™ื•ึผืก. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ืขืจืš ื ื•ืกืฃ. ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืฆืจืฃ +s
ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆืœ ืจืงืข ืื•ืคืกื˜. ืคื”, dx/dy ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™
ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืงื“ืžื™ืช [4p/ -4p] ื• ืฆึตืœ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจื•
ื”ืฆืœืœื” [ืืคื•ืจ50]. ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื -D, -L or -T. ืœืคืจื˜ ื‘ื ืคืจื“
ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืฆืจืฃ d|l|t ืœ -F ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืคืื ืœ
ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคืื ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืื•ืชื ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ ืคืื ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื
ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืคื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช].

-Jz|Zืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืจ Z; ืื•ืชื• ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืžื• -Jx.

-K (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืืœ ืชืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืขืœื™ืœืช ื”-PostScript.

-L[g|j|J|n|x]ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ+c[ืคื™ืœ/]ืคึผึธืกึดื™ืก+wืื•ืจืš[e|f|k|M|n|u][+aืœื™ื™ืฉืจ][+f][+l[ืชื•ื•ื™ืช]][+u]
ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืกื•ืœื ืžืคื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื• ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืž
ืืจื‘ืข ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช: (1) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -Dg ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžืคื” (ืžืฉืชืžืฉ), (2) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -DJ or -DJ
ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœ-(ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”)
ืžืœื‘ืŸ ืชื—ื•ื ืžืคื”, (3) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื“ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืจืžืœื•ืช (0-1), ืื• (4) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ -Dx
ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืขืœื™ืœื” (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•'). ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืคึผึธืกึดื™ืก
(ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ ืœืกืคืง ืงื• ืื•ืจืš ืคื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ื•ืช [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช
ืžึตืจึดื™ื“ึดื™ืึทืŸ]), ืื•ืจืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืง"ืž, ืื• ื”ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืž e|f|k|M|n|u. ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ืช
ื™ื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื +aืœื™ื™ืฉืจ (ื‘ื—ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ l(ืฉืžืืœ), r(ืื™ื›ื•ืช), t(ืื•ืค), ื• b(ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ)). ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ
+f ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืกื•ืœื "ืžืคื•ืืจ" [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื”]. ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +l ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ
ืชื•ื•ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืง (ืžื˜ืจ, ืจื’ืœ, ืง"ืž, ืžื™ื™ืœ, ืžื™ื™ืœ ื™ืžื™, ืืจื”"ื‘
ืจื’ืœ ืกืงืจ) ื•ืžื•ืฆื“ืงืช ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืกื•ืœื [t]. ืฉื ื” ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœืš
ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืžืฉืœื• (ืฆืจืฃ +lืชื•ื•ื™ืช). ื‘ื—ืจ +u ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื—ืง
ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืกื•ืœื (ืœืกื•ืœื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜, +u ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžืจื—ืง). ื”ืขืจื”: ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-FONT_LABEL ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ืช
ื’ื•ืคืŸ ื•-FONT_ANNOT_PRIMARY ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื’ื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืขืจื”. ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืคื”
ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ MAP_SCALE_HEIGHT, ื•ืขื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื˜ ื ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
MAP_TICK_PEN_PRIMARY. ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืช -F ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžืงื ืคืื ืœ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืงืืœื”.

-O (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื”ื•ืกืฃ ืœืขืœื™ืœื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ PostScript.

-P (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื‘ื—ืจ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” "ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ".

-Td[g|j|J|n|x]ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ+wืจื•ื—ื‘[+f[ืจึธืžึธื”]][+jืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง][+lw,e,s,n][+odx[/dy]]
-Td ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ื•ืจื“ ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืžืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ: ืชืŸ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช
ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืข ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช: (1) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ g ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžืคื” (ืžืฉืชืžืฉ), (2) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ j ืœ
ื”ืฆื‘ื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืคื” (ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ืช).
ืžืœื‘ืŸ ืชื—ื•ื, (3) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ n ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืจืžืœื•ืช (0-1), ืื• (4) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ x ืœืขืœื™ืœื”
ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•') [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ]. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื–ื– ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
dx/dy ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง. ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ, ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘-
ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืงื ื” โ€‹โ€‹ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ (MC), ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
ืžืฆืจืฃ +j ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืจืื” pstext). ื”ืขืจื”:
If -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืื– ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ ื–ื”ื” ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืื -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืื–
ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืœืžืจืื” ืฉืžืžื•ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื”ื•ืกืฃ +o ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื–ื– ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข
ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืคื™ dx/dy ืžืŸ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืื•ึน
ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž -DJ or -DJ). ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +wืจื•ื—ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ื•ื•ืจื“
ื‘ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืขืœื™ืœื” (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•'). ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ +f ืœืงื‘ืœ ื•ืจื“ "ืžื”ื•ื“ืจืช", ื•ืœืคืจื˜
in ืจึธืžึธื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ. ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ [1] ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื™ EW ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื, NS
ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื, 2 ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื NW-SE ื•-NE-SW, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ-3
ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื™ื WNW-ESE, NNW-SSE, NNE-SSW ื•-ENE-WSW. ืชื•ื•ื™ืช
ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื“ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืช W,E,S,N ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคื” +l ื•ืฆืจืฃ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžืฉืœืš ืžื•ืคืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื™ืงื™ื
ืžื—ืจื•ื–ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ. ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืช -F ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžืงื ืคืื ืœ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืงืืœื”.

-Tm[g|j|J|n|x]ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ+wืจื•ื—ื‘[+dื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ[/dlabel]]][+iืขื˜][+jืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง][+lw,e,s,n][+pืขื˜][+tints][+odx[/dy]]
-Tm ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืžืคื” ื•ืจื“ ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื” ื•
ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ: ืชืŸ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืข
ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช: (1) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ g ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžืคื” (ืžืฉืชืžืฉ), (2) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ j ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื”
ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืคื” (ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”).
ืžืœื‘ืŸ, (3) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ n ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืจืžืœื•ืช (0-1), ืื• (4) ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ x ืœืขืœื™ืœื”
ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž ื•ื›ื•') [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ]. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื–ื– ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ืก ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ dx/dy
ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง. ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ, ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืœื ื”ื™ื
ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ (MC), ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคื” +j
ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืงื•ื“ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืŸ 2 ืชื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืจืื” pstext). ื”ืขืจื”: ืื -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ
ืื– ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ ื–ื”ื” ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืื -DJ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืื– ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ ืœ
ื”ืžืจืื” ืฉืžืžื•ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื”ื•ืกืฃ +o ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื–ื– ืืช ืกื•ืœื ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ dx/dy ืžืŸ
ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง (ืื• ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืž -DJ
or -DJ). ืœึฐืฆึทืจึตืฃ +wืจื•ื—ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” (ืื™ื ืฅ', ืก"ืž,
ื•ื›ื•.). ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ +d ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ dlabel, ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ
ืžื—ื˜ ื”ืžืฆืคืŸ ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ (ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืจื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืžืžื ื” ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ, ืื• ืœืชืช - ืœ
ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืชื™ื•ื’). ืขื +d, ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื•ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ ืžืฉื•ืจื˜ื˜ื™ื
[ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“]. ืื ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื * ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฆืคื•ืŸ
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ืขืจื” ื•ืฉืชื™ ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ
ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื 30/5/1 ืžืขืœื•ืช; ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
ืžืฆืจืฃ +tints, ื•ืฆืจืฃ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™
ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื. ืžืกืคืจ ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืฉืœ GMT ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื˜ื™ื, ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื ื•ืฆื‘ืข; ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืžืคื”
ืžื“ื•ืจ ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ. ืœึดืจึฐืื•ึนืช -F ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืžืงื ืคืื ืœ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™
ืกื•ึผืœึธื.

-U[ืจืง/dx/dy/][c|ืชื•ื•ื™ืช] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืœื•ื’ื• ื—ื•ืชืžืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ GMT ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื”.

-V[ืจึธืžึธื”] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื‘ื—ืจ ืจืžืช ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ื•ืช [c].

-X[a|c|f|r][x-shift[u]]

-Y[a|c|f|r][y-shift[u]] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” ืžืฉืžืจืช.

-cืขื•ืชืงื™ื (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ืชืงื™ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” [ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื 1].

-f[i|o]colinfo (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืœื˜ ื•/ืื• ืคืœื˜. ื–ื” ื—ืœ ืจืง ืขืœ
ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื‘ -R ืื•ึนืคึผึฐืฆึดื™ึธื”.

-p[x|y|z]Azim/elev[/zlevel][+w0/lat0[/z0]][+vx0/y0] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื‘ื—ืจ ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื”.

-t[Transp] (ื™ื•ืชืจ ...)
ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ PDF ื‘ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.

-^ or ืจืง -
ื”ื“ืคืก ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืงืฆืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื”, ื•ืื– ืฆื (ื”ืขืจื”: ื‘-Windows
ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ืจืง -).

-+ or ืจืง +
ื”ื“ืคืก ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ืจื—ื‘ืช (ืขื–ืจื”), ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ
ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืœืžื•ื“ื•ืœ (ืืš ืœื ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ GMT), ื•ืื– ื™ื•ืฆืืช.

-? or ืœื ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื
ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื“ืคืก ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืœืื” (ืขื–ืจื”), ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช
ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช.

--ื’ึดืจึฐืกึธื”
ื”ื“ืคืก ื’ืจืกืช GMT ื•ืฆื.

--show-datadir
ื”ื“ืคืก ืืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžืœื ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฉืœ GMT ื•ืฆื.

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช


ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ
ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื” ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช. ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืช ืกื•ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืงืจื ื”. ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ื’ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ืžืคื”
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืคื”.

ืœื ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช


ืœื™ื ืืจื™ xy ืขืœื™ืœื”
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจืช x/y ืœื™ื ื™ืืจื™ืช ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื™ืจื™ื, ืืš ืขื ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืจืง ืœืฆื™ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ,
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช xscale = yscale = 1.0, ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” 1 ื•ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื›ืœ 2, ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ xlabel
= "ืžืจื—ืง" ื•-ylabel = "ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช", ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ

gmt psbasemap -R0/9/0/5 -Jx1 -Bf1a2 -Bx+lDistance -By+l"ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช" -BWeSn > linear.ps

ื™ื•ืžืŸ-ืœื•ื’ ืขืœื™ืœื”
ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืกื’ืจืช ื™ื•ืžืŸ ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ืฆื™ืจ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆื™ืจ ื”-X ื”ื•ื 25 ืก"ืž ื•
ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื›ืœ 1-2-5 ื•ืฆื™ืจ ื”-y ื”ื•ื 15 ืก"ืž ื•ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ืœ ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœ 10 ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ
ืžืกืžืŸ ื›ืœ 0.1, ืจื™ืฆื”

gmt psbasemap -R1/10000/1e20/1e25 -JX25cl/15cl -Bx2+lWavelength -Bya1pf3+lPower -BWS > loglog.ps

ื›ื•ื— ืฆื™ืจื™ื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฆื™ืจื™ื ืฉืชืฉืžืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื’ืจืฉ ืขื•ืžืง-sqrt(ื’ื™ืœ) ืขื ืขื•ืžืง ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืœืžื˜ื”,
ืžืกื•ืžื ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกืจื™ื ื›ืœ 500 ืž', ื•ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ืžื•ืขืจื™ื ื‘-1 my, 4 my, 9 my ื•ื›ื•', ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ

gmt psbasemap -R0/100/0/5000 -Jx1p0.5/-0.001 -Bx1p+l"Crustal age" -By500+lDepth > power.ps

ืงื•ึนื˜ื‘ึดื™ (ืชื˜ื,ืจ) ืขืœื™ืœื”
ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื“ื™ื•ืก ืž-0 ืขื“ 1000 ืฆืจื™ืš
ืชื•ืื ืœ-3 ืื™ื ืฅ' ื•ืขื ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ืจืฉืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ

gmt psbasemap -R0/360/0/1000 -JP6i -Bafg > polar.ps

ื’ึฐืœึดื™ืœึดื™ MAP ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช


ืงืืกื™ื ื™
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 10 ืก"ืž ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื ืช Cassini ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R20/50/20/35 -JC35/28/10c -P -Bafg -B+tCassini > cassini.ps

ืžืจืงื˜ื•ืจ [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ืžืคืช ืžืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 0.025 ืื™ื ืฅ'/ืžืขืœื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื”, ื•ืžืจืื” ืื•ืจืš ืฉืœ 5000
ืง"ืž ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื” (ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื• 1/1 ืื™ื ืฅ'), ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื›

gmt psbasemap -R90/180/-50/50 -Jm0.025i -Bafg -B+tMercator -Lx1i/1i+c0+w5000k > mercator.ps

ื˜ื•ื—ืŸ
ืžืคื” ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœืจ ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” 1:200,000,000 ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ื›

gmt psbasemap -Rg -Jj180/1:200000000 -Bafg -B+tMiller > miller.ps

ืึฒืœึทื›ืกื•ึนื ึดื™ ืžืจืงื˜ื•ืจ [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืืœื›ืกื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืขืžื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘- (90,30) ืขื ืงื•ื•ื™ ืจืฉืช
ื›ืœ 30 ืžืขืœื•ืช, ืœืจื•ืฅ

gmt psbasemap -R0/360/-70/70 -Joc0/0/90/30/0.064cd -B30g30 -B+t"Oblique Mercator" > oblmerc.ps

ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ ืžืจืงื˜ื•ืจ [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ื›ืš ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก Transverse Mercator ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื

gmt psbasemap -R69:30/71:45/-17/-15:15 -Jt70/1:1000000 -Bafg -B+t"ืื–ื•ืจ ืกืงืจ" -P > transmerc.ps

ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื’ืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืงืจื ื”
ื”ืงืจื ื” ื–ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืจื™ื“ื™ืืŸ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืืช ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื”. ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 25 ืก"ืž
ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืžืจื™ื“ื™ืืŸ 130E ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R-50/310/-90/90 -JQ130/25c -Bafg -B+t"Equidistant Cylindrical" > cyl_eqdist.ps

ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ ืžืจืงื˜ื•ืจ [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืงืจื ื” ื–ื• ืขืœื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ืื–ื•ืจ UTM, ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–
ืžึตืจึดื™ื“ึดื™ืึทืŸ. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืจื˜ื˜ ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก UTM ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื“ื•-ืกื™ืŸ

gmt psbasemap -R95/5/108/20r -Ju46/1:10000000 -Bafg -B+tUTM > utm.ps

ื’ืœื™ืœื™ ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ื”
ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื—ืจ ืื™ื–ื• ืžื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื’ืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ
ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ืช. ื›ืืŸ ื ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-45 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืจื ืช Gall-Peters. ื 9
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืื™ื ืฅ' ืฉืžืจื›ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก โ€‹โ€‹ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื ื•ืฆืจืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JY180/45/9i -Bafg -B+tGall-Peters > gall-peters.ps

ื—ึฒืจื•ึผื˜ึดื™ MAP ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช


ืืœื‘ืจืก [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืžืฆืข ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R0/90/25/55 -Jb45/20/32/45/0.25c -Bafg -B+t"Albers Equal-area" > albers.ps

ืœืžื‘ืจื˜ [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืžืฆืข ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R0/90/25/55 -Jl45/20/32/45/0.1i -Bafg -B+t"Lambert Conformal Conic" > lambertc.ps

ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 6 ืื™ื ืฅ' ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืžืฆืข ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R0/90/25/55 -JD45/20/32/45/6i -Bafg -B+t"Equidistant conic" > econic.ps

ืคื•ืœื™ืงื•ื ื™
ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™

gmt psbasemap -R-180/-20/0/90 -JPoly/4i -Bafg -B+tPolyconic > polyconic.ps

ืื–ื™ืžื•ื˜ืœ MAP ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช


ืœืžื‘ืจื˜ [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ืžื‘ื˜ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 15 ืก"ืž ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช -80/-30 ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืืช
ืžืคืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื‘ืื”:

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JA-80/-30/15c -Bafg -B+t"Lambert Azimuthal" > lamberta.ps

ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืœื”ืงืจื ื” ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ืš ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืžืœื‘ื ื™
ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืคื” ืื–ื™ืžื•ื˜ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืš ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ื’'ื” ืœ -Js.

ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช
ืžืคื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 15 ืก"ืž ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืžื”ืžืจื›ื– (ื›ืืŸ 125/10) ืœื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื
ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™:

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JE125/10/15c -Bafg -B+tEquidistant > equi.ps

ื’ื ื•ืžื•ื ื™
ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช -100/40 ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืขื“ ืœืื•ืคืง ืฉืœ 60 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืžื”-
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื ื” Gnomonic:

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JF-100/40/60/6i -Bafg -B+tGnomonic > gnomonic.ps

ืื•ืจื˜ื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช
ืžื‘ื˜ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ (ืžืžืจื—ืง ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™) ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืฆืคื™ืช
125/10 ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ืžืคืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื‘ืื” ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 6 ืื™ื ืฅ':

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JG125/10/6i -Bafg -B+tOrthographic > ortho.ps

ื›ืœืœื™ ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื”
ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื -JG ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืชื•ืš ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืขืœ
ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—, ื”ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜, ื•ืคื™ืชื•ืœ ื•ื”ื˜ื™ื”. ื ื•ืฃ ืž-160 ืง"ืž ืžืขืœ
-74/41.5 ืขื ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืฉืœ 55 ื•ืื–ื™ืžื•ื˜ ืฉืœ 210 ืžืขืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืœ-30
ืžืขืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ืคื™ืงื• ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 6 ืื™ื ืฅ':

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JG-74/41.5/160/210/55/30/30/6i -Bafg -B+t"General Perspective" > genper.ps

ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช [ืงื•ื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™]
ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืงืจื ื” ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ืงื•ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืขื ืจื“ื™ื•ืก = 12 ืก"ืž ืขื“ -60 ืžืขืœื•ืช
ืงื• ืจื•ื—ื‘, ืขื ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืขืœื™ืœื” "ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืœื™ื—ื•ืช", ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ/ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 5 ืžืขืœื•ืช
ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื•ืงื•ื•ื™ ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืื—ืช, ื”ืคืขืœ

gmt psbasemap -R-45/45/-90/-60 -Js0/-90/12c/-60 -B5g1 -B+t"ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืœื™ื—ื•ืช" > stereo1.ps

ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืกื˜ืจื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 12 ืก"ืž ืœืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืจื™ืจื•ืชื™ืช (ืœื
ืืช ื”ืงื˜ื‘ื™ื), ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืœื‘ื ื™, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื”ืงืจื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ -R ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” (ื‘ืื•ืจืš/ืจื•ื—ื‘) ื›ื™
ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•. ืื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืžื•ื˜ ื‘-130/-30 ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘-100/-45 ื•-160/-5 ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•
ืคื™ื ื•ืช. ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ืคื›ืช

gmt psbasemap -R100/-45/160/-5r -JS130/-30/12c -Bafg -B+t"General Stereographic View" > stereo2.ps

ืฉื•ื ื•ืช MAP ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช


ื”ืืžืจ [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ื”ืงืจื ืช ื”ืืžืจ ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ืช.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” ื’ืจื™ื ื™ืฅ' ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 1:200000000, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ

gmt psbasemap -Rd -Jh0/1:200000000 -Bafg -B+tHammer > hammer.ps

ืกื™ื ื•ืกื•ืื™ื“ืœื™ [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืกื™ื ื•ืกื•ืื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” ื’ืจื™ื ื™ืฅ', ืขื ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ
0.02 ืื™ื ืฅ'/ืžืขืœื”, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ

gmt psbasemap -Rd -Ji0/0.02i -Bafg -B+tSinusoidal > sinus1.ps

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืคืช ืขื•ืœื ืกื™ื ื•ืกื•ืื™ื“ื™ืช ืงื˜ื•ืขื” ืขื ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ื‘-160W, 20W ื•-60E, ืขื
ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื• ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ 0.02 ืื™ื ืฅ'/ืžืขืœื”, ื”ืคืขืœ ืืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื:

gmt psbasemap -R-160/-20/-90/90 -Ji-90/0.02i -Bx30g30 -By15g15 -BWesn -K > sinus_i.ps
gmt psbasemap -R-20/60/-90/90 -Ji20/0.02i -Bx30g30 -By15g15 -Bwesn -O -K -X2.8i >> sinus_i.ps
gmt psbasemap -R60/200/-90/90 -Ji130/0.02i -Bx30g30 -By15g15 -BwEsn -O -X1.6i >> sinus_i.ps

ืืงืจื˜ IV [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ื”ืงืจื ื” ืคืกืื•ื“ื•-ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™
ืงื• ืื•ืจืš ื•ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื”, ืœืžืฉืœ,

gmt psbasemap -Rg -Jkf180/0.064c -Bafg -B+t"Eckert IV" > eckert4.ps

ืืงืจื˜ VI [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ื”ืงืจื ื” ืคืกืื•ื“ื•-ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™
ืงื• ืื•ืจืš ื•ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื”, ืœืžืฉืœ,

gmt psbasemap -Rg -Jks180/0.064c -Bafg -B+t"Eckert VI" > eckert6.ps

ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืกื•ืŸ
ื”ืงืจื ื” ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช "ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ". ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืืช ืงื• ื”ืื•ืจืš ื•ื”ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื,
ืœืžืฉืœ,

gmt psbasemap -Rd -JN0/8i -Bafg -B+tRobinson > robinson.ps

ื—ื ื•ืช ืœึฐืฉืึทืœึตืฉื
ื”ืงืจื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™
ืงื• ืื•ืจืš, ืœืžืฉืœ,

gmt psbasemap -R90/450/-90/90 -JR270/25c -Bafg -B+t"Winkel Tripel" > winkel.ps

ืžื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื“ [ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื•ื•ื”]
ื”ืงืจื ืช ืžื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื“ ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ืช
ืžืฉืžืฉ. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืคืช ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 25 ืก"ืž ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” ืงื• ื”ืชืืจื™ืš:

psbasemap -Rg -JW180/25c -Bafg -B+tMollweide > mollweide.ps

ื˜ื ื“ืจ ื“ืจ ื’ืจื™ื ื˜ืŸ
ื’ื ื”ืงืจื ืช ื•ืืŸ ื“ืจ ื’ืจื™ื ื˜ืŸ ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืžืคื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื•ืช
ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืคืช ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ 18 ืก"ืž ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื” ืงื• ื”ืชืืจื™ืš:

gmt psbasemap -Rg -JV180/18c -Bafg -B+t"Van der Grinten" > grinten.ps

ื”ืžื•ืชืื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช OR ืื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื•ืœื™ื


ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื -B ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื”-
ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ x, y, ืื• z ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช
ืขืœ ืื™ืœื• ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื”ืขืจื” ืขื ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื–ื”
ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ cintfile ื‘ -B ืืคืฉืจื•ืช, ืื™ืคื” intfile ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื•ืช, ื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื•ื•ื™ ืจืฉืช. ื›ืœ ืจืฉื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ ืกื•ื’
[ืชื•ื•ื™ืช], ืื™ืคื” ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื” ืฉืœ โ€‹โ€‹ื”ื”ืขืจื” ื”ื–ื• (ืื• ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ืื• ืงื• ืจืฉืช), ืกื•ื’ is
ืžื›ืชื‘ ืื—ื“ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž a (ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ), i ื”ืขืจืช ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื, f ืกื™ืžืŸ ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ, ื• g
ืงื• ืจืฉืช. ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช a ื• i ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืชื•
intfile. ืฉื ื™ื”ื a ื• i ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืžืš ืœืกืคืง ื ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื”.
ืื ืœื ืชื™ื ืชืŸ, ืชืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืื•ืจื“ื™ื ื˜ื”.

ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช


ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช, ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื•ืžื– ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืื–ื”ืจื” ืชื•ื“ื™ืข ืœ
ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืื -V ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ.

ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-psbasemapgmt ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ onworks.net


ืฉืจืชื™ื ื•ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื

ื”ื•ืจื“ ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช Windows & Linux

ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก

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