augtool - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

augtool - inspect and modify configuration files

SYNOPSIS

augtool [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]

DESCRIPTION

Augeas is a configuration editing tool. It parses configuration files in their native
formats and transforms them into a tree. Configuration changes are made by manipulating
this tree and saving it back into native config files.

augtool provides a command line interface to the generated tree. COMMAND can be a single
command as described under "COMMANDS". When called with no COMMAND, it reads commands from
standard input until an end-of-file is encountered.

OPTIONS

-c, --typecheck
Typecheck lenses. This can be very slow, and is therefore not done by default, but is
highly recommended during development.

-b, --backup
When files are changed, preserve the originals in a file with extension '.augsave'

-n, --new
Save changes in files with extension '.augnew', do not modify the original files

-r, --root=ROOT
Use directory ROOT as the root of the filesystem. Takes precedence over a root set
with the AUGEAS_ROOT environment variable.

-I, --include=DIR
Add DIR to the module loadpath. Can be given multiple times. The directories set here
are searched before any directories specified in the AUGEAS_LENS_LIB environment
variable, and before the default directories /usr/share/augeas/lenses and
/usr/share/augeas/lenses/dist.

-t, --transform=XFM
Add a file transform; uses the 'transform' command syntax, e.g. "-t 'Fstab incl
/etc/fstab.bak'".

-f, --file=FILE
Read commands from FILE.

-i, --interactive
Read commands from the terminal. When combined with -f or redirection of stdin, drop
into an interactive session after executing the commands from the file.

-e, --echo
When reading commands from a file via stdin, echo the commands before printing their
output.

-s, --autosave
Automatically save all changes at the end of the session.

-S, --nostdinc
Do not search any of the default directories for modules. When this option is set,
only directories specified explicitly with -I or specified in AUGEAS_LENS_LIB will be
searched for modules.

-L, --noload
Do not load any files on startup. This is generally used to fine-tune which files to
load by modifying the entries in "/augeas/load" and then issuing a "load" command.

-A, --noautoload
Do not load any lens modules, and therefore no files, on startup. This creates no
entries under "/augeas/load" whatsoever; to read any files, they need to be set up
manually and loading must be initiated with a "load" command. Using this option gives
the fastest startup.

--span
Load span positions for nodes in the tree, as they relate to the original file.
Enables the use of the span command to retrieve position data.

--version
Print version information and exit. The version is also in the tree under
"/augeas/version".

COMMANDS

In interactive mode, commands and paths can be completed by pressing "TAB".

The paths accepted as arguments by commands use a small subset of XPath path expressions.
A path expression consists of a number of segments, separated by "/". In each segment, the
character "*" can be used to match every node regardless of its label. Sibling nodes with
identical labels can be distinguished by appending "[N]" to their label to match the N-th
sibling with such a label. The last sibling with a specific label can be reached as
"[last()]". See "EXAMPLES" for some examples of this.

ADMIN COMMANDS
The following commands control the behavior of Augeas and augtool itself.

help
Print this help text

load
Load files according to the transforms in "/augeas/load".

quit
Exit the program

retrieve <LENS> <NODE_IN> <PATH> <NODE_OUT>
Transform tree at PATH back into text using lens LENS and store the resulting string
at NODE_OUT. Assume that the tree was initially read in with the same lens and the
string stored at NODE_IN as input.

save
Save all pending changes to disk. Unless either the -b or -n command line options are
given, files are changed in place.

store <LENS> <NODE> <PATH>
Parse NODE using LENS and store the resulting tree at PATH.

transform <LENS> <FILTER> <FILE>
Add a transform for FILE using LENS. The LENS may be a module name or a full lens
name. If a module name is given, then "lns" will be the lens assumed. The FILTER
must be either "incl" or "excl". If the filter is "incl", the FILE will be parsed by
the LENS. If the filter is "excl", the FILE will be excluded from the LENS. FILE may
contain wildcards.

READ COMMANDS
The following commands are used to retrieve data from the Augeas tree.

dump-xml [<PATH>]
Print entries in the tree as XML. If PATH is given, printing starts there, otherwise
the whole tree is printed.

get <PATH>
Print the value associated with PATH

label <PATH>
Get and print the label associated with PATH

ls <PATH>
List the direct children of PATH

match <PATTERN> [<VALUE>]
Find all paths that match PATTERN. If VALUE is given, only the matching paths whose
value equals VALUE are printed

print [<PATH>]
Print entries in the tree. If PATH is given, printing starts there, otherwise the
whole tree is printed

span <PATH>
Print the name of the file from which the node PATH was generated, as well as
information about the positions in the file corresponding to the label, the value, and
the entire node. PATH must match exactly one node.

You need to run 'set /augeas/span enable' prior to loading files to enable recording
of span information. It is disabled by default.

WRITE COMMANDS
The following commands are used to modify the Augeas tree.

clear <PATH>
Set the value for PATH to NULL. If PATH is not in the tree yet, it and all its
ancestors will be created.

clearm <BASE> <SUB>
Clear multiple nodes values in one operation. Find or create a node matching SUB by
interpreting SUB as a path expression relative to each node matching BASE. If SUB is
'.', the nodes matching BASE will be modified.

ins <LABEL> <WHERE> <PATH>
Insert a new node with label LABEL right before or after PATH into the tree. WHERE
must be either 'before' or 'after'.

insert <LABEL> <WHERE> <PATH>
Alias of ins.

mv <SRC> <DST>
Move node SRC to DST. SRC must match exactly one node in the tree. DST must either
match exactly one node in the tree, or may not exist yet. If DST exists already, it
and all its descendants are deleted. If DST does not exist yet, it and all its missing
ancestors are created.

move <SRC> <DST>
Alias of mv.

cp <SRC> <DST>
Copy node SRC to DST. SRC must match exactly one node in the tree. DST must either
match exactly one node in the tree, or may not exist yet. If DST exists already, it
and all its descendants are deleted. If DST does not exist yet, it and all its missing
ancestors are created.

copy <SRC> <DST>
Alias of cp.

rename <SRC> <LBL>
Rename the label of all nodes matching SRC to LBL.

rm <PATH>
Delete PATH and all its children from the tree

set <PATH> <VALUE>
Associate VALUE with PATH. If PATH is not in the tree yet, it and all its ancestors
will be created.

setm <BASE> <SUB> [<VALUE>]
Set multiple nodes in one operation. Find or create a node matching SUB by
interpreting SUB as a path expression relative to each node matching BASE. If SUB is
'.', the nodes matching BASE will be modified.

touch <PATH>
Create PATH with the value NULL if it is not in the tree yet. All its ancestors will
also be created. These new tree entries will appear last amongst their siblings.

PATH EXPRESSION COMMANDS
The following commands help when working with path expressions.

defnode <NAME> <EXPR> [<VALUE>]
Define the variable NAME to the result of evaluating EXPR, which must be a nodeset. If
no node matching EXPR exists yet, one is created and NAME will refer to it. If VALUE
is given, this is the same as 'set EXPR VALUE'; if VALUE is not given, the node is
created as if with 'clear EXPR' would and NAME refers to that node.

defvar <NAME> <EXPR>
Define the variable NAME to the result of evaluating EXPR. The variable can be used in
path expressions as $NAME. Note that EXPR is evaluated when the variable is defined,
not when it is used.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

AUGEAS_ROOT
The file system root, defaults to '/'. Can be overridden with the -r command line
option

AUGEAS_LENS_LIB
Colon separated list of directories with lenses. Directories specified here are
searched after any directories set with the -I command line option, but before the
default directories /usr/share/augeas/lenses and /usr/share/augeas/lenses/dist

DIAGNOSTICS

Normally, exit status is 0. If one or more commands fail, the exit status is set to a non-
zero value.

Note though that failure to load some of the files specified by transforms in
"/augeas/load" is not considered a failure. If it is important to know that all files were
loaded, you need to issue a "match /augeas//error" after loading to find out details about
what files could not be loaded and why.

EXAMPLES

# command line mode
augtool print /files/etc/hosts/

# interactive mode
augtool
augtool> help
augtool> print /files/etc/hosts/

# Print the third entry from the second AcceptEnv line
augtool print '/files/etc/ssh/sshd_config/AcceptEnv[2]/3'

# Find the entry in inittab with action 'initdefault'
augtool> match /files/etc/inittab/*/action initdefault

# Print the last alias for each entry in /etc/hosts
augtool> print /files/etc/hosts/*/alias[last()]

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