mpage - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

mpage - print multiple pages per sheet on PostScript printer

SYNOPSIS

mpage [-1248aAceEfHloOrRStTuUvVxX] [-b papersize] [-B[num[lrtb]]...] [-C [encoding]]
[-da|p] [-D dateformat] [-F fontname] [-h header] [-j first[-last][%interval]]
[-J startpageno] [-L lines] [-m[num[lrtb]]...] [-M[num[lrtb]]...] [-p[prprog]]
[-P[printer]] [-s tabstop] [-W width] [-z printcmd] [-Z printcmd_args] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

mpage reads plain text files or PostScript documents and prints them on a PostScript
printer with the text reduced in size so that several pages appear on one sheet of paper.
This is useful for viewing large printouts on a small amount of paper. It uses ISO 8859.1
to print 8-bit characters.

The following options are recognized (note that arguments to options may be separated from
the option by spaces, except for -B, -m, -M, -p and -P): Also when mpage encounters -- as
option it will stop parsing arguments and the remaining arguments are interpreted as
filenames.

-1 Print 1 normal page per sheet (included for symmetry).

-2 Print 2 normal pages per sheet.

-4 Print 4 normal pages per sheet (default).

-8 Print 8 normal pages per sheet.

-a Toggle layout of the pages on the sheet so that successively numbered pages run
down the sheet, as opposed to left to right. (default updown).

-A This option is deprecated, use -bA4 instead.

-bpapersize
Prepare output for the selected paper type. Papersize can be A3 for European A3,
A4 for European A4, Letter for US Letter, or Legal for Legal sized paper. For
available types, see option -bl. For the default, see 'mpage -x'. This default is
taken from the system; see papersize(5). If it isn't found, mpage exits with an
error.

-bl, -b?
List the currently available paper types, then exit.

-B[<num>[lrtb]*]
Setup a box around a particular part of your page. Specify text box margins and
line thickness. The default is 0 columns (lines) for both left and right (top and
bottom) margins and 0 line thickness. Specifying -B solely toggles printing of the
box. l, r, t or b set the left, right, top or bottom margin respectively to <num>
columns (lines). Not specifying any of the sides, will set the line thickness when
<num> is given. For example -B1 sets the line thickness to 1. Sides with negative
margins will not print.

-c Toggle concatenation of pages from different files on single sheets (default off).

-C[encodingfile]
Specify the character encoding file. The file should be in the mpage library
directory (/usr/lib/mpage). Mpage has an internal default encoding based on
Latin-1 or IBM codepage 850. Depending on compile time option this encoding
definition is on or not. Not specifying an encodingfile will toggle the usage of
the internal encoding.

-da|p Force input to be taken as ascii (a) or postscript (p) text. This way you can
print your postscript code as text, or print postscript code that mpage does not
recognise. When using -dp, make sure that the the postscript code contains %Page
page separators or else things will probably look odd.

-Ddateformat
Set the date format as in strftime(3) to be used in date/time representations (e.g.
in headers). (Note: to make this useful you probably need the -H option.)

-e Print 2 normal pages per sheet in duplex mode: every first and fourth page on one
side and every second and third on the other side. This is more or less a
combination of the -O and -E options but in one pass.

-E Print 2 normal pages per sheet, namely: print only the second and third page of
every set of four pages. See also -O. These options override -a and -l. Using
these options double sided prints can be created without a duplex printer.

-f Toggles folding lines longer than page width (default off).

-Ffontname
Specify font. (default Courier). Check your printer for supported fonts. Note:
this has almost nothing to do with the fonts used for your X-windows/KDE/Gnome
environment.

-hheader
This is used only when the -p or -H switch is used and is passed as the "-h header"
option to pr(1) or as the header for -H.

-H Create header line for each logical page separated from page text by a horizontal
line. Unless -h is given, the header consists of last file modification time,
filename and page number, all in bold and slightly larger font. This option only
applies to non-postscript files.

-Iindent
Indent text by indent characters.

-jfirst[-last][%interval]
Print just the selected sheets, specified by a number, starting at 1. Here last
defaults to the end of data, interval to 1. Several -j options can be given (up to
MAXJARGS, default 100) to create a complex selection of pages. Thus -j1-10 selects
the first 10 sheets, while -j 1%2 prints just the odd-numbered sheets and -j 2%2
prints just the even ones.

You can do double-sided printing, in two passes, as follows. If you use 3-hole
punched paper, put it in the printer such that the holes will appear at the top of
the page -- on the right as you pull out the printer tray, in our Laser writer II
NTX. Print the odd-numbered sheets with

mpage ... -j 1%2 ...

Note the number of pages it reports. (Only half this many will really be printed).
When printing finishes, if mpage reported an odd number of pages, remove the last
one from the stack, since there will be no even-numbered sheet to match it. Then
arrange the stack of paper for printing on the other side. (If it's punched, the
holes will now be on the left.) On our II NTX, the paper comes out blank-side up;
replace it in the tray still blank-side up but rotated 180 degrees. For other
printers, you figure it out. Now print the even-numbered sheets in reverse order
with

mpage ... -r -j 2%2 ...

hoping no one else reaches the printer before you do.

-Jstartpageno
Set the start value of the sheet page count to startpageno instead of 1.

-k When mpage finds a %%Trailer or %%PSTrailer in the postscript input file it
normally assumes this is the end of the postscript file and stops reading the input
file. But when the PS file includes EPS files, %%Trailers might be anywhere. Using
this option ignores the %%Trailer and %%PSTrailer lines.

-l Toggle printing landscape or portrait mode (default portrait). Landscape pages are
55 lines long by 132 characters wide by default. Portrait pages are 66 lines long
by 80 characters wide by default.

-Llines
Adjust the page reduction parameters so that lines lines will fit in the space of
one page. This overrides the default values normally supplied. (See -l.) If used
in conjunction with -p then this value is passed to the pr(1) as well. As a side
effect this changes the font size as well (as will the -W option.) So while there
is an option to change font family, there is no explicit option to change font
size!

-m[<num>[lrtb]*]
Specify sheet margin. The default margin is 20 points. Only specifying -m sets
left margin to 40 points. l, r, t or b set left, right, top or bottom margin
respectively to <num> points. Not specifying any of the sides will set all sides
when <num> is given. <num> defaults to 40 points. For example -m10 sets all
margins to 10 points. -ml50tb sets left margin to default 40 and top and bottom
margins to 50 points. -m50l25bt30r sets bottom and top margin to 25, left margin
to 50 and right margin to 30 points. Margins can have negative numbers.

-M[<num>[lrtb]*]
Specify logical page margins. For syntax, see -m option. Defaults are 4 for -M
solely, and 8 for <num>. Margins can be negative. This way large white borders in
your (postscript) documents can be reduced.

-o Toggle printing of outlines around each reduced page (default on).

-O Print 2 normal pages per sheet, namely: print only the first and fourth page of
every set of four pages. See also -E. These options override -a and -l. Using
these options double sided prints can be created without a duplex printer.

-p[prprog]
Pipe input through prprog command (including specified options) before printing
(assumes the input is a text file). When no command is specified, it defaults to
pr(1).

-P[printer]
Specify the printer to which the PostScript output is sent (e.g. lpr -Pprinter).
Using -P with no printer specified sends the PostScript to the default printer
queue (e.g. lpr). Using -P- returns output to stdout, useful in combination with
the MPAGE environment variable. Without -P output is sent to standard output.

-r Reverse printing. The last sheet is printed first. The way of arranging reduced
pages on the sheets doesn't change.

-R Switch to left to right mode, starting first page on left bottom corner. This
might be useful for landscape postscript files. (Note: using -l after -R undoes
-R, and switches to normal landscape mode.)

-stabstop
Set tabstop width (default 8 characters). Should be >= 2.

-S Accept non-square page reduction. By default, pages are shrunk equally in X and Y,
even if this wastes some space on the sheet. With -S, reduced pages are larger but
slightly distorted. (Only used when printing postscript files.)

-t Toggle printing on both sides of the paper. This option has 3 states: nop, yes,
no, which mean:

NOP: don't do anything in PostScript, use the printer default;

YES: force printer to do duplex;

NO: force printer not to do it.

If there is no -t, then the duplex is NOP. If you put some -t on the command line,
the state toggles as "yes,no,yes,no...". So, if your printer is set to print, by
default, in duplex mode, you will use "-t -t" on the command line to force it to
print in non-duplex mode. Use this option only if your printer is capable of
printing in duplex mode. (default NOP).

-T Toggle tumble of every second pages. This option has 3 states: nop, yes, no (with
behaviour similar to -t). So, if your printer is set to print, by default, in
duplex mode, with tumble on, you will use "-T -T" on command line to print in
nontumble mode. Use this option only if your printer is capable of printing in
duplex mode. With this version of mpage, you may use this option even if you do
not use -t. (default NOP).

-u Toggle checking for UTF-8 input (not relevant for postscript input).

-U This option is deprecated, use -bLetter instead.

-v Toggle printing a count of the number of sheets produced for printing (default
off).

-V Print version information and exit.

-Wwidth
Adjust the page reduction parameters so that a line width characters long will fit
in the space of one page. This overrides the default values normally supplied.
(See -l.) If used in conjunction with -p then this value is passed to the pr(1)
program as well. See also the -L option on font sizes.

-x Print usage information (including current defaults), then exit.

-X[header]
Print header on the left and the page number on the right of each physical page
(sheet). If no header is given, the default is the current filename (note
influence of -c), the filename of the first file on the page is used.

-zprintcommand
Specify command to use to send output to. Default is lpr(1) for BSD style spooler,
lp(1) for SYSV style spooler. You can specify command line options, but note -Z.
For example -zlp for system V Unix.

-Zprintprog_queuename_arg
Specify what option to use for the "-z printcommand" to specify a printqueue. For
example -zlp -Z-d for system V Unix. Default is -P for BSD style spooler, -d for
SYSV style spooler.

ENVIRONMENT

mpage examines the PRINTER (or LPDEST for SYSV style spooler) environment variable to
override its default printer.

The MPAGE_LIB environment variable can be used to control where the character encoding
files (-C) can be found.

mpage also examines the MPAGE environment variable for default option settings. Any
option or combination of options can be specified in the MPAGE environment variable. For
example, if MPAGE is set to the string:

-2oPqms -L60

it would (in the absence of other command line arguments) print 2 pages per sheet, 60
lines per page, with outlines, on the printer named qms (overriding the PRINTER/LPDEST
environment variable, if it exists). In the environment variable, white space is used as
an option delimiter, and no quoting is recognized.

Any command line options will override both the PRINTER and MPAGE environment variables.

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