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PROGRAM:

NAME

dlltool - Create files needed to build and use DLLs.

SYNOPSIS

dlltool [-d|--input-def def-file-name]
[-b|--base-file base-file-name]
[-e|--output-exp exports-file-name]
[-z|--output-def def-file-name]
[-l|--output-lib library-file-name]
[-y|--output-delaylib library-file-name]
[--export-all-symbols] [--no-export-all-symbols]
[--exclude-symbols list]
[--no-default-excludes]
[-S|--as path-to-assembler] [-f|--as-flags options]
[-D|--dllname name] [-m|--machine machine]
[-a|--add-indirect]
[-U|--add-underscore] [--add-stdcall-underscore]
[-k|--kill-at] [-A|--add-stdcall-alias]
[-p|--ext-prefix-alias prefix]
[-x|--no-idata4] [-c|--no-idata5]
[--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables]
[-I|--identify library-file-name] [--identify-strict]
[-i|--interwork]
[-n|--nodelete] [-t|--temp-prefix prefix]
[-v|--verbose]
[-h|--help] [-V|--version]
[--no-leading-underscore] [--leading-underscore]
[object-file ...]

DESCRIPTION

dlltool reads its inputs, which can come from the -d and -b options as well as object
files specified on the command line. It then processes these inputs and if the -e option
has been specified it creates a exports file. If the -l option has been specified it
creates a library file and if the -z option has been specified it creates a def file. Any
or all of the -e, -l and -z options can be present in one invocation of dlltool.

When creating a DLL, along with the source for the DLL, it is necessary to have three
other files. dlltool can help with the creation of these files.

The first file is a .def file which specifies which functions are exported from the DLL,
which functions the DLL imports, and so on. This is a text file and can be created by
hand, or dlltool can be used to create it using the -z option. In this case dlltool will
scan the object files specified on its command line looking for those functions which have
been specially marked as being exported and put entries for them in the .def file it
creates.

In order to mark a function as being exported from a DLL, it needs to have an
-export:<name_of_function> entry in the .drectve section of the object file. This can be
done in C by using the asm() operator:

asm (".section .drectve");
asm (".ascii \"-export:my_func\"");

int my_func (void) { ... }

The second file needed for DLL creation is an exports file. This file is linked with the
object files that make up the body of the DLL and it handles the interface between the DLL
and the outside world. This is a binary file and it can be created by giving the -e
option to dlltool when it is creating or reading in a .def file.

The third file needed for DLL creation is the library file that programs will link with in
order to access the functions in the DLL (an `import library'). This file can be created
by giving the -l option to dlltool when it is creating or reading in a .def file.

If the -y option is specified, dlltool generates a delay-import library that can be used
instead of the normal import library to allow a program to link to the dll only as soon as
an imported function is called for the first time. The resulting executable will need to
be linked to the static delayimp library containing __delayLoadHelper2(), which in turn
will import LoadLibraryA and GetProcAddress from kernel32.

dlltool builds the library file by hand, but it builds the exports file by creating
temporary files containing assembler statements and then assembling these. The -S command
line option can be used to specify the path to the assembler that dlltool will use, and
the -f option can be used to pass specific flags to that assembler. The -n can be used to
prevent dlltool from deleting these temporary assembler files when it is done, and if -n
is specified twice then this will prevent dlltool from deleting the temporary object files
it used to build the library.

Here is an example of creating a DLL from a source file dll.c and also creating a program
(from an object file called program.o) that uses that DLL:

gcc -c dll.c
dlltool -e exports.o -l dll.lib dll.o
gcc dll.o exports.o -o dll.dll
gcc program.o dll.lib -o program

dlltool may also be used to query an existing import library to determine the name of the
DLL to which it is associated. See the description of the -I or --identify option.

OPTIONS

The command line options have the following meanings:

-d filename
--input-def filename
Specifies the name of a .def file to be read in and processed.

-b filename
--base-file filename
Specifies the name of a base file to be read in and processed. The contents of this
file will be added to the relocation section in the exports file generated by dlltool.

-e filename
--output-exp filename
Specifies the name of the export file to be created by dlltool.

-z filename
--output-def filename
Specifies the name of the .def file to be created by dlltool.

-l filename
--output-lib filename
Specifies the name of the library file to be created by dlltool.

-y filename
--output-delaylib filename
Specifies the name of the delay-import library file to be created by dlltool.

--export-all-symbols
Treat all global and weak defined symbols found in the input object files as symbols
to be exported. There is a small list of symbols which are not exported by default;
see the --no-default-excludes option. You may add to the list of symbols to not
export by using the --exclude-symbols option.

--no-export-all-symbols
Only export symbols explicitly listed in an input .def file or in .drectve sections in
the input object files. This is the default behaviour. The .drectve sections are
created by dllexport attributes in the source code.

--exclude-symbols list
Do not export the symbols in list. This is a list of symbol names separated by comma
or colon characters. The symbol names should not contain a leading underscore. This
is only meaningful when --export-all-symbols is used.

--no-default-excludes
When --export-all-symbols is used, it will by default avoid exporting certain special
symbols. The current list of symbols to avoid exporting is DllMain@12,
DllEntryPoint@0, impure_ptr. You may use the --no-default-excludes option to go ahead
and export these special symbols. This is only meaningful when --export-all-symbols
is used.

-S path
--as path
Specifies the path, including the filename, of the assembler to be used to create the
exports file.

-f options
--as-flags options
Specifies any specific command line options to be passed to the assembler when
building the exports file. This option will work even if the -S option is not used.
This option only takes one argument, and if it occurs more than once on the command
line, then later occurrences will override earlier occurrences. So if it is necessary
to pass multiple options to the assembler they should be enclosed in double quotes.

-D name
--dll-name name
Specifies the name to be stored in the .def file as the name of the DLL when the -e
option is used. If this option is not present, then the filename given to the -e
option will be used as the name of the DLL.

-m machine
-machine machine
Specifies the type of machine for which the library file should be built. dlltool has
a built in default type, depending upon how it was created, but this option can be
used to override that. This is normally only useful when creating DLLs for an ARM
processor, when the contents of the DLL are actually encode using Thumb instructions.

-a
--add-indirect
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports file it should add a section which
allows the exported functions to be referenced without using the import library.
Whatever the hell that means!

-U
--add-underscore
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports file it should prepend an
underscore to the names of all exported symbols.

--no-leading-underscore
--leading-underscore
Specifies whether standard symbol should be forced to be prefixed, or not.

--add-stdcall-underscore
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports file it should prepend an
underscore to the names of exported stdcall functions. Variable names and non-stdcall
function names are not modified. This option is useful when creating GNU-compatible
import libs for third party DLLs that were built with MS-Windows tools.

-k
--kill-at
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports file it should not append the
string @ <number>. These numbers are called ordinal numbers and they represent
another way of accessing the function in a DLL, other than by name.

-A
--add-stdcall-alias
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports file it should add aliases for
stdcall symbols without @ <number> in addition to the symbols with @ <number>.

-p
--ext-prefix-alias prefix
Causes dlltool to create external aliases for all DLL imports with the specified
prefix. The aliases are created for both external and import symbols with no leading
underscore.

-x
--no-idata4
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports and library files it should omit
the ".idata4" section. This is for compatibility with certain operating systems.

--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports and library files it should prefix
the ".idata4" and ".idata5" by zero an element. This emulates old gnu import library
generation of "dlltool". By default this option is turned off.

-c
--no-idata5
Specifies that when dlltool is creating the exports and library files it should omit
the ".idata5" section. This is for compatibility with certain operating systems.

-I filename
--identify filename
Specifies that dlltool should inspect the import library indicated by filename and
report, on "stdout", the name(s) of the associated DLL(s). This can be performed in
addition to any other operations indicated by the other options and arguments.
dlltool fails if the import library does not exist or is not actually an import
library. See also --identify-strict.

--identify-strict
Modifies the behavior of the --identify option, such that an error is reported if
filename is associated with more than one DLL.

-i
--interwork
Specifies that dlltool should mark the objects in the library file and exports file
that it produces as supporting interworking between ARM and Thumb code.

-n
--nodelete
Makes dlltool preserve the temporary assembler files it used to create the exports
file. If this option is repeated then dlltool will also preserve the temporary object
files it uses to create the library file.

-t prefix
--temp-prefix prefix
Makes dlltool use prefix when constructing the names of temporary assembler and object
files. By default, the temp file prefix is generated from the pid.

-v
--verbose
Make dlltool describe what it is doing.

-h
--help
Displays a list of command line options and then exits.

-V
--version
Displays dlltool's version number and then exits.

@file
Read command-line options from file. The options read are inserted in place of the
original @file option. If file does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option
will be treated literally, and not removed.

Options in file are separated by whitespace. A whitespace character may be included
in an option by surrounding the entire option in either single or double quotes. Any
character (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be
included with a backslash. The file may itself contain additional @file options; any
such options will be processed recursively.

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