ns6 - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

ns6 - A security assessment tool for attack vectors based on ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation
messages

SYNOPSIS

ns6 [-i INTERFACE] [-s SRC_ADDR[/LEN]] [-d DST_ADDR] [-y FRAG_SIZE] [-u DST_OPT_HDR_SIZE]
[-U DST_OPT_U_HDR_SIZE] [-H HBH_OPT_HDR_SIZE] [-S LINK_SRC_ADDR] [-D LINK-DST-ADDR] [-E
LINK_ADDR] [-e] [-t TARGET_ADDR[/LEN]] [-F N_SOURCES] [-T N_TARGETS] [-z SECONDS] [-l]
[-v] [-h]

DESCRIPTION

ns6 allows the assessment of IPv6 implementations with respect to a variety of attacks
based on ICMPv6 Neighbor Solicitation messages. This tool is part of the SI6 Networks'
IPv6 Toolkit: a security assessment suite for the IPv6 protocols.

OPTIONS

ns6 The ns6 tool takes its parameters by means of command-line options. Each of the
options can be specified with a short name (one character preceded with the hyphen
character, as e.g. "-i") or with a long name (a string preceded with two hyphen
characters, as e.g. "--interface").

Depending on the amount of information (i.e., options) to be conveyed into the Neighbor
Solicitations, it may be necessary for the ns6 tool to split that information into more
than one Neighbor Solicitation message. Also, when the ns6 tool is instructed to flood the
victim with Neighbor Solicitations from different sources ("--flood-sources" option),
multiple packets may need to be sent. ns6 supports IPv6 fragmentation, which may be of use
if a large amount of information needs to be conveyed within a single Neighbor
Solicitation message. IPv6 fragmentation is not enabled by default, and must be explicitly
enabled with the "-y" option.

-i INTERFACE, --interface INTERFACE
This option specifies the network interface that the tool will use. If the
destination address ("-d" option) is a link-local address, the interface must be
explicitly specified. The interface may also be specified along with a destination
address, with the "-d" option.

-s SRC_ADDR, --src-address SRC_ADDR

This option is meant to specify the IPv6 Source Address to be used for the Neighbor
Solicitation messages. If left unspecified, a randomized link-local (fe80::/64)
address is selected.

-d DST_ADDR, --dst-address DST_ADDR

This option specifies the IPv6 Destination Address of the Neighbor Solicitation
messages. If this option is left unspecified, but the Ethernet Destination Address
is specified, the "all-nodes link-local multicast" address (ff02::1) is selected as
the IPv6 Destination Address.

--hop-limit, -A

This option specifies the IPv6 Hop Limit to be used for the Neighbor Solicitation
messages. It defaults to 255. Note that IPv6 nodes are required to check that the
Hop Limit of incoming Neighbor Solicitation messages is 255. Therefore, this option
is only useful to assess whether an IPv6 implementation fails to enforce the
aforementioned check.

-y SIZE, --frag-hdr SIZE

This option specifies that the resulting packet must be fragmented. The fragment
size must be specified as an argument to this option.

-u HDR_SIZE, --dst-opt-hdr HDR_SIZE

This option specifies that a Destination Options header is to be included in the
resulting packet. The extension header size must be specified as an argument to
this option (the header is filled with padding options). Multiple Destination
Options headers may be specified by means of multiple "-u" options.

-U HDR_SIZE, --dst-opt-u-hdr HDR_SIZE

This option specifies a Destination Options header to be included in the
"unfragmentable part" of the resulting packet. The header size must be specified as
an argument to this option (the header is filled with padding options). Multiple
Destination Options headers may be specified by means of multiple "-U" options.
This option is only valid if the "-y" option is specified (as the concept of
"unfragmentable part" only makes sense when fragmentation is employed).

-H HDR_SIZE, --hbh-opt-hdr HDR_SIZE

This option specifies that a Hop-by-Hop Options header is to be included in the
resulting packet. The header size must be specified as an argument to this option
(the header is filled with padding options). Multiple Hop-by-Hop Options headers
may be specified by means of multiple "-H" options.

-S SRC_LINK_ADDR, --src-link-address SRC_LINK_ADDR

This option specifies the link-layer Source Address of the Neighbor Solicitation
messages (currently, only Ethernet is supported). If left unspecified, the
link-layer Source Address is randomized.

-D DST_LINK_ADDR, --dst-link-address DST_LINK_ADDR

This option specifies the link-layer Destination Address of the Neighbor
Solicitation messages (currently, only Ethernet is supported). If left unspecified,
it is set to the address "33:33:00:00:00:01" (the Ethernet address corresponding to
the "all-nodes link-local multicast" IPv6 address (ff02::1).

--target, -t

This option specifies the IPv6 Target Address of the Neighbor Solicitation
messages.

If the "-T" ("--flood-targets") option is specified, this option specifies an IPv6
prefix in the form "-t prefix/prefixlen". See the description of the "-T" option
for further information on how the "-t" option is processed in that specific case.

--source-lla-opt, -E

This option specifies the contents of a source link-layer address option to be
included in the Neighbor Solicitation messages. If more than one source link-layer
address is specified (by means of multiple "-E" options), and all the resulting
options cannot be conveyed into a single Neighbor Solicitation, multiple Neighbor
Solicitations will be sent as needed.

--add-slla-opt, -e

This option instructs the ns6 tool to include a source link-layer address option in
the Neighbor Solicitation messages that it sends. The link-layer address included
in the option is the same as the Ethernet Source Address used for the outgoing
Neighbor Solicitation messages.

--flood-sources, -F

This option instructs the ns6 tool to send Neighbor Solicitations from multiple
(and random) IPv6 Source Addresses. The number of different sources is specified as
"-F number". The IPv6 Source Address of the packets are randomly selected from the
prefix specified by the "-s" option (which defaults to fe80::/64).

--flood-targets, -T

This option instructs the ns6 tool to send Neighbor Solicitation messages for
multiple Target Addresses. The number of different Target Addresses is specified as
"-T number". The Target Address of each packet is randomly selected from the prefix
::/64, unless a different prefix has been specified by means of the "-t" option.

--loop, -l

This option instructs the ns6 tool to send periodic Neighbor Solicitations to the
victim. The amount of time to pause between sending Neighbor Solicitations can be
specified by means of the "-z" option, and defaults to 1 second.

--sleep, -z

This option instructs the ns6 tool to the amount of time to pause between sending
Neighbor Solicitations. If left unspecified, it defaults to 1 second.

--verbose, -v

This option instructs the ns6 tool to be verbose.

--help, -h

Print help information for the ns6 tool.

EXAMPLES

The following sections illustrate typical use cases of the ns6 tool.

Example #1

# ns6 -i eth0 -d fe80::01 -t 2001:db8::1 -e

Use the network interface "eth0" to send a Neighbor Solicitation message using a random
link-local unicast IPv6 Source Address and a random Ethernet Source Address, to the IPv6
Destination address fe80::1 and the Ethernet Destination Address 33:33:00:00:00:01
(selected by default). The target of the Neighbor Advertisement is 2001:db8::1. The
Neighbor Solicitation also includes a source link-layer address option, that contains the
same Ethernet address as that used for the Ethernet Source Address of the packet.

Example #2

# ns6 -i eth0 -s 2001:db8::/32 -t 2001:db8::1 -F 10 -l -z 10 -e -v

Send 10 Neighbor Solicitation messages using random Ethernet Source Addresses and random
IPv6 Source Addresses from the prefix 2001:db8::/32, to the Ethernet Destination Address
33:33:00:00:00:01 (default) and the IPv6 Destination Address ff02::1 (default). The IPv6
Target Address of the Neighbor Solicitation is 2001:db8::1, and each message includes a
source link-layer address option that contains the same address as that used for the
Ethernet Source Address of the packet. Repeat this operation every ten seconds. Be
verbose.

Example #3

# ns6 -i eth0 -s 2001:db8::/32 -t 2001:db8::1 -F 10 -l -z 10 -E ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff -v

Send 10 Neighbor Solicitation messages using random Ethernet Source Addresses and random
IPv6 Source Addresses from the prefix fe80::/64 (default, link-local unicast), to the
Ethernet Destination Address 33:33:00:00:00:01 (default) and the IPv6 Destination Address
ff02:1 (default). The IPv6 Target Address of the Neighbor Solicitation is 2001:db8::1, and
each message includes a source link-layer address option that contains the Ethernet
address ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. Repeat this operation every ten seconds. Be verbose.

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