ozmake - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

Ozmake - Make for Oz

SYNOPSIS

ozmake --help
ozmake [--build] [TARGETS...]
ozmake --install [TARGETS...]
ozmake --install [--package=PKG]
ozmake --uninstall [--package=PKG]
ozmake --clean
ozmake --veryclean
ozmake --create [--package=FILE]
ozmake --publish
ozmake --extract [--package=PKG]
ozmake --list [--package=MOGUL]
ozmake --config=(put|delete|list) ...
ozmake --mogul=(put|delete|list|export) ...

DESCRIPTION
ozmake OPTIONS TARGETS

ozmake is a tool for building Mozart-based projects and for creating and installing Mozart
packages. It was inspired by the Unix tools make and rpm,but is much, much simpler, is
specialized for Mozart-based software development and deployment, and transparently
supports all platforms on which Mozart has been ported. ozmake must currently be invoked
from a shell, but it will eventually acquire additionally an optional, user-friendly
graphical interface.

OPTIONS

In the following, we write meta variables between angle brackets, e.g. <PREFIX> or <URI as
cache path>

General Options
-v --verbose
print out more tracing information that the default. By supplying this option
twice, you will sometimes get even more information.

-q --quiet
suppress all tracing and feedback information

-n --just-print
perform a dry run, i.e. just print what would happen without actually performing
the actions

--local
do not recurse into subdirectories

--(no)autodepend
default: true
automatically determine build-time and install-time (run-time) dependencies.
Currently, this is only supported for Oz sources by looking at import and require
sections.

--(no)requires
default: true
automatically fetch and install other packages that the current one requires. This
option is relevant both for building and for installing.

What you should remember here, is that -vn is your friend. Add -vn at the end of any
ozmake invocation, and it will tell you in great detail what the command would do, without
actually doing it.

Directories and URLs
--prefix=<PREFIX>
default: ~/.oz
root of private installation area

--dir=<DIR>
default: current directory
default directory for other options below

--builddir=<BUILDDIR>
default: <DIR>
directory in which to build

--srcdir=<SRCDIR>
default: <DIR>
directory where source files are located

--bindir=<BINDIR>
default: <PREFIX>/bin
directory where bin targets are placed

--libroot=<LIBROOT>
default: <PREFIX>/cache
root directory of cache into which lib targets are installed

--libdir=<LIBDIR>
default: <LIBROOT>/<URI as cache path>
directory into which lib targets are installed

--docroot=<DOCROOT>
default: <PREFIX>/doc
root directory into which doc targets are installed

--docdir=<DOCDIR>
default: <DOCROOT>/<MOGUL as filename>
directory into which doc targets are installed

--extractdir=<EXTRACTDIR>
default: <DIR>
directory into which to extract a package

--archive=<ARCHIVE>
default: http://www.mozart-oz.org/mogul/pkg
URL of mogul archive from which packages can be downloaded

--moguldir=<MOGULDIR>
directory in which are placed sub-directories for the user's contributions: a
directory for packages, one for documentation, one for mogul database entries.

--mogulurl=<MOGULURL>
url corresponding to the MOGULDIR directory

Files
-m <FILE> --makefile=<FILE>
default: <SRCDIR>/makefile.oz
location of makefile

-p <PKG> --package=<PKG>
file or URL of package. when creating a package, it should be a local filename.
when extracting or installing, it can also be a URL or a mogul id; in the latter
case, the package is automatically downloaded from the mogul archive

-V <VERSION> --packageversion=<VERSION>
this option is respected by --extract and --install .When --extract is given
a MOGUL id and downloads the corresponding package from the MOGUL archive, it will
look precisely for the given VERSION of the package. --install will simply check
that the package to be installed really has this VERSION.

--database=<DB>
default: <PREFIX>/DATABASE
base path of installed packages database. The database is saved in both pickled and
textual format respectively in files DB.ozf and DB.txt

Help
ozmake --help

-h --help
print this information message

Build
ozmake [--build]
build all targets

ozmake [--build] FILES...
build these target

-b --build
this is the default. builds targets of the package

--optlevel=( none | debug | optimize )
default: optimize
select optimization level for compilation

-g --debug --optlevel=debug
compile with debugging

-O --optimize --optlevel=optimize
compile with full optimization. this is the default

--(no)gnu
is the C++ compiler the GNU compiler. this is determined automatically and allows a
greater optimization level, namely passing -O3 rather than just -O to the
compiler

--(no)fullbuild
default: false
also build the src targets

--includedir DIR -I DIR
tell the C++ compiler to additionally search DIR for include files

--(no)sysincludedirs
default: true
tell the C++ compiler to additionally search (or not, if using --nosysincludedirs
)the Mozart-specific include directories located in the global installation
directory and in the user's private ~/.oz area.

--librarydir DIR -L DIR
tell the C++ linker to additionally search DIR for libraries

--(no)syslibrarydirs
default: true
tell the C++ linker to additionally search (or not, if using --nosyslibrarydirs
)the Mozart-specific library directories located in the global installation
directory and in the user's private ~/.oz area.

Install
ozmake --install
install using the makefile

ozmake --install FILES...
install these targets using the makefile

ozmake --install --package=PKG
install package PKG

-i --install
install targets of the package and updates the package database

--grade=( none | same | up | down | any | freshen )
default: none
what to do if this package is already installed? ozmake will compare version and
dates, where the version is more significant. --grade=none signals an error
--grade=same requires versions and dates to be the same --grade=up requires a
package with newer version or same version and newer release date than the one
installed --grade=down requires a package with older version or same version and
older release date than the one installed --grade=any no conditions --grade=freshen
install if the package is newer else do nothing

-U --upgrade
equivalent to --install --grade=up

--downgrade
equivalent to --install --grade=down

-A --anygrade
equivalent to --install --grade=any

-F --freshen
equivalent to --install --grade=freshen

--(no)replacefiles
default: false
allow installation to overwrite files from other packages

-R --replace
equivalent to --install --grade=any --replacefiles

--(no)extendpackage
default: false
whether to replace or extend the current installation of this package if any

-X --extend
equivalent to --install --grade=any --extendpackage

--(no)savedb
default: true
save the updated database after installation

--includedocs --excludedocs
default: --includedocs
whether to install the doc targets

--includelibs --excludelibs
default: --includelibs
whether to install the lib targets

--includebins --excludebins
default: --includebins
whether to install the bin targets

--(no)keepzombies
default: false
whether to remove files left over from a previous installation of this package

--exe=( default | yes | no | both | multi )
default: default
the convention on Windows is that executables have a .exe,while on Unix they have
no extension. The --exe option allows you to control the conventions used by
ozmake when installing executables. --exe=default use the platform's convention
--exe=yes use a .exe extension --exe=no use no extension --exe=both install all
executables with .exe extension and without --exe=multi install executable functors
for both Unix and Windows. The Unix versions are installed without extension, and
the Windows versions are installed with .exe extension

Uninstall
ozmake --uninstall
uninstall package described by makefile

ozmake --uninstall --package=PKG
uninstall package named by mogul id PKG

-e --uninstall
uninstall a package

Clean
ozmake --clean
ozmake --veryclean
remove files as specified by the makefile's clean and veryclean features.
--veryclean implies --clean .

Create
ozmake --create [--package=<FILE>]
create a package and save it in FILE.the files needed for the package are
automatically computed from the makefile. If --package=<FILE> is not supplied, a
default is computed using the mogul id (and possibly version number) found in the
makefile.

--include(bins|libs|docs) --exclude(bins|libs|docs)
control which target types are included in the package

Publish
ozmake --publish
automatically takes care of all the steps necessary for creating/updating a package
contributed by the user and making all necessary data available to the MOGUL
librarian. See documentation for --mogul below.

Extract
ozmake --extract --package=<PKG>
extract the files from file or URL PKG.if PKG is a mogul id, then the package is
automatically downloaded from the mogul archive

List
ozmake --list
list info for all packages in the installed package database

ozmake --list --package=<MOGUL>
list info for the installed package identified by mogul id MOGUL

--linewidth=N
default: 70
assume a line with of N characters

Config
ozmake --config=put <OPTIONS>
record the given OPTIONS in ozmake's configuration database, and use them as
defaults in subsequent invocations of ozmake unless explicitly overridden on the
command line. For example: ozmake --config=put --prefix=/usr/local/oz saves
/usr/local/oz as the default value for option --prefix

ozmake --config=delete <OPT1> ... <OPTn>
deletes some entries from the configuration database. For example: ozmake
--config=delete prefix removes the default for --prefix from the configuration
database

ozmake --config=list
lists the contents of ozmake's configuration database

the argument to --config can be abbreviated to any non-ambiguous prefix

Mogul
If you choose to contribute packages to the MOGUL archive, ozmake --mogul=<ACTION>
simplifies your task. It makes it easy for you to maintain a database of your
contributions and to export them so that the MOGUL librarian may automatically find them.
In fact, the simplest way is to use ozmake --publish which will take take care of all
details for you.

ozmake --mogul=put
update the user's database of own mogul contributions with the data for this
contribution (in local directory)

ozmake --mogul=put --package=<PKG>
same as above, but using the package PKG explicitly given

ozmake --mogul=delete <MOG1> ... <MOGn>
remove the entries with mogul ids MOG1 through MOGn from the user's database of own
contribution

ozmake --mogul=delete
remove entry for current contribution

ozmake --mogul=list
show the recorded data for all entries in the user's database of own mogul
contributions

ozmake --mogul=list <MOG1> ... <MOGn>
show the recorded data for entries MOG1 through MOGn in the user's database of own
mogul contributions

ozmake --mogul=export
write all necessary mogul entries for the user's own mogul contributions. These are
the entries which will be read by the MOGUL librarian to automatically assemble the
full MOGUL database.

The data for your contributions need to be made available to the MOGUL librarian on the
WEB. You want to just update a local directory with your contributions, but, in order for
the MOGUL librarian to find them, these directories must also be available through URLs on
the WEB. Here are some options that allow you to control this correspondence, and for
which you should set default using ozmake --config=put

--moguldir=<MOGULDIR>

--mogulurl=<MOGULURL>
MOGULDIR is a directory which is also available on the WEB through url MOGULURL.
MOGULDIR is intended as a root directory in which sub-directories for packages,
documentation, and mogul entries will be found.

For those who really enjoy pain, ozmake has of course many options to shoot yourself in
the foot. In the options below <ID> stands for the filename version of the package's mogul
id (basically replace slashes by dashes). You can control where packages, their
documentation and mogul database entries and stored and made available using the options
below:

--mogulpkgdir=<MOGULPKGDIR>
default: <MOGULDIR>/pkg/<ID>/

--mogulpkgurl=<MOGULPKGURL>
default: <MOGULURL>/pkg/<ID>/

--moguldocdir=<MOGULDOCDIR>
default: <MOGULDIR>/doc/<ID>/

--moguldocurl=<MOGULDOCURL>
default: <MOGULURL>/doc/<ID>/

--moguldbdir=<MOGULDBDIR>
default: <MOGULDIR>/db/<ID>/

--moguldburl=<MOGULDBURL>
default: <MOGULURL>/db/<ID>/

Your contributions should all have mogul ids which are below the mogul id which you where
granted for your section of the mogul database. For convenience, ozmake will attempt to
guess the root mogul id of your section as soon as there are entries in your database of
your own contributions. However, it is much preferable to tell ozmake about it using:

--mogulrootid=<ROOTID>

and to set it using ozmake --config=put --mogulrootid=<ROOTID>

MAKEFILE

The makefile contains a single Oz record which describes the project and should normally
be placed in a file called makefile.oz.A makefile typically looks like this:

makefile(
lib : ['Foo.ozf']
uri : 'x-ozlib://mylib'
mogul : 'mogul:/denys/lib-foo')

stating explicitly that there is one library target, namely the functor Foo.ozf,and that
it should installed at URI:

x-ozlib://mylib/Foo.ozf

and implicitly that it should be compiled from the Oz source file Foo.oz.When you invoke
ozmake --install,the mogul feature serves to uniquely identify this package and the files
it contributes in the ozmake database of installed packages.

There are many more features which can occur in the makefile and they are all optional. If
you omit all the features, you only get the defaults and you don't even need a makefile.
All values, such as files,should be given as virtual string; atoms are recommended except
for features blurb, info_text and info_html,where strings are recommended.

makefile(
bin : [ FILES... ]
lib : [ FILES... ]
doc : [ FILES... ]
src : [ FILES... ]
depends :
o( FILE : [ FILES... ]
...
)
rules :
o( FILE : TOOL(FILE)
...
)
clean : [ GLOB... ]
veryclean : [ GLOB... ]
uri : URI
mogul : MOGUL
author : [ AUTHORS... ]
released : DATE
blurb : TEXT
info_text : TEXT
info_html : TEXT
subdirs : [ DIRS... ]
requires : [ MOGUL... ]
categories: [ CATEGORY... ]
version : VERSION
provides : [ FILES... ]
)

Features bin, lib and doc list targets to be installed in <BINDIR>, <LIBDIR> and <DOCDIR>
respectively. bin targets should be executable functors, i.e. they should end with
extension .exe. lib targets are typically compiled functors i.e. ending with extension
.ozf,but could also be native functors, i.e. ending with extension .so,or simply data
files. doc targets are documentation files.

Extensions
ozmake knows how to build targets by looking at the target's extension:

Foo.exe

is an executable functor and is created from Foo.ozf

Foo.ozf

is a compiled functor and is created from Foo.oz

Foo.o

is a compiled C++ file and is created from Foo.cc

Foo.so

is a native functor and is created from Foo.o

Foo.cc

is a C++ source file

Foo.hh

is a C++ header file

Note that these are abstract targets. In particular, Foo.so really denotes the file
Foo.so-<PLATFORM> where <PLATFORM> identifies the architecture and operating system where
the package is built; for example: linux-i486.Also, when a bin target Foo.exe is
installed, it is installed both as <BINDIR>/Foo.exe and <BINDIR>/Foo so that it can be
invoked as Foo on both Windows and Unix platforms.

It is imperative that you respect the conventional use of extensions described here:
ozmake permits no variation and supports no other extensions.

Rules
ozmake has built-in rules for building files. Occasionally, you may want to override the
default rule for one or more targets. This is done with feature rule which contains a
record mapping target to rule:

TARGET_FILE : TOOL(SOURCE_FILE)

the rule may also have a list of options:

TARGET_FILE : TOOL(SOURCE_FILE OPTIONS)

The tools supported by ozmake are ozc (Oz compiler), ozl (Oz linker), cc (C++ compiler),
ld (C++ linker). The default rules are:

'Foo.exe' : ozl('Foo.ozf' [executable])
'Foo.ozf' : ozc('Foo.oz')
'Foo.o' : cc('Foo.cc')
'Foo.so' : ld('Foo.o')

The tools support the following options:

ozc

executable

make the result executable

'define'(S)

define macro S.Same as -DS on the command line

ozl

executable

make the result executable

cc

include(DIR)

Similar to the usual C++ compiler option -IDIR. DIR is a virtual string

'define'(MAC)

Similar to the usual C++ compiler option -DMAC. MAC is a virtual string

ld

library(DIR)

Similar to the usual C++ linker option -lDIR. DIR is a virtual string

You might want to specify a rule to create a pre-linked library:

'Utils.ozf' : ozl('Foo.ozf')

or to create a non-prelinked executable:

'Foo.exe' : ozc('Foo.oz' [executable])

Dependencies
ozmake automatically determines whether targets needed to be rebuilt, e.g. because they
are missing or if some source file needed to create them has been modified. The rules are
used to determine dependencies between files. Sometimes this is insufficient e.g. because
you use tool ozl (dependencies on imports), or insert in an Oz file, or #include in a C++
file. In this case you can specify additional dependencies using feature depends which is
a record mapping targets to list of dependencies:

TARGET : [ FILES... ]

For example:

'Foo.o' : [ 'Foo.hh' 'Baz.hh' ]

or

'Foo.exe' : [ 'Lib1.ozf' 'Lib2.ozf' ]

Cleaning
During development, it is often convenient to be able to easily remove all junk and
compiled files to obtain again a clean project directory. This is supported by ozmake
--clean and ozmake --veryclean;the latter also implies the former. Files to be removed are
specified by glob patterns where ? matches any 1 character and * matches a sequence of 0
or more characters. All files in BUILDDIR matching one such pattern is removed. There are
built-in patterns, but you can override them with features clean and veryclean which
should be lists of glob patterns. For example the default clean glob patterns are:

clean : [ "*~" "*.ozf" "*.o" "*.so-*" "*.exe" ]

Package Related Features
uri

feature uri indicates the URI where to install lib targets. For example:

uri : 'x-ozlib://mylib/XML'

states that all lib targets (e.g. Foo.ozf)will be installed under this URI so that they
can also be imported from it, i.e.:

import MyFoo at 'x-ozlib://mylib/XML/Foo.ozf'

mogul

feature mogul is the mogul id uniquely identifying this package. It is used to identify
the package in the database of installed packages, to create/publish the package, and to
install its documentation files.

author

feature author is a virtual string or list of virtual string resp. identifying the author
or authors of the package. It is recommended to identify authors by their mogul id,
however is is also possible to simply give their names. For example, the recommended way
is:

author : 'mogul:/duchier'

but the following is also possible:

author : 'Denys Duchier'

released

feature released is a virtual string specifying the date and time of release in the
following format:

released : "YYYY-MM-DD-HH:MM:SS"

time is optional. An appropriate release date using the current date and time is
automatically inserted when invoking ozmake --create or ozmake --publish..

blurb

feature blurb contains a very short piece of text describing the package. This text should
be just one line and is intended to be used as a title when the package is published in
the mogul archive.

info_text

feature info_text contains a plain text description of the package. This is intended to be
used as an abstract on the presentation page for the package in the mogul archive. It
should be brief and informative, but should not attempt to document the package.

info_html

feature info_html is similar to info_text but contains HTML rather than plain text.

src

feature src indicates which targets should be considered source, i.e. in particular non-
buildable. All targets mentioned in src should be mentioned in bin, lib,or doc too. The
point of src is to support distributing packages with pre-built targets and without giving
out the corresponding sources. You should not do this with native functors since they are
platform dependent and not portable, but it can be a convenient means of distributing pre-
built Oz libraries. For example:

makefile(
lib : [ 'Foo.ozf' ]
src : [ 'Foo.ozf' ]
uri : 'x-ozlib://mylib'
mogul : 'mogul:/myname/foolib')

is a makefile for a package that distribute the pre-compiled Foo.ozf,but does not also
distribute its source Foo.oz.Normally, when you build a package it simply checks that the
src files are present but will not attempt to build them. If you have the sources, you can
force building the src targets if necessary using --fullbuild..

subdirs

feature subdirs is a list of bare filenames representing subdirectories of the project. By
default, when necessary, ozmake will recurse into these subdirectories. It is expected
that each subdirectory should provide its own makefile. The mogul id is automatically
inherited to subdirectories and the uri is automatically extended by appending the name of
the subdirectory: thus sub-makefiles can be simpler since they don't need to be concerned
with package-level features.

requires

feature requires is a list of module URIs or package MOGUL ids. These represent the
external dependencies of the package. They are not yet used, but eventually ozmake will be
able to use them to automate the recursive installation of other packages required by the
one you are interested in.

categories

feature categories is a list of MOGUL categories to help categorize this package in the
MOGUL archive.

version

feature version is used to provide a version string. This is a string that consist of
integers separated by single dots, e.g. "2" or "3.1.7"..

provides

feature provides is used to override the default information about what the package
provides, normally automatically computed from the bin and lib targets: it should be a
list which contains a subset of these targets. The provides feature of a makefile does not
override or otherwise affect its sub-makefiles: each makefile should separately override
if it so desires. To state that a makefile does not officially provide any functors or
executable application, you would add:

provides : nil

You should use the provides feature when your package contains both official public
functors as well as purely implementational functors that are not part of the official
public interface and should not be mentioned as provided by the package.

CONTACTS

Authors should really be referred to by mogul ids denoting mogul entries that describe
them. In order to make this easier, a makefile.oz may also contain a contact feature which
is either a record describing a person, or a list of such records.

You should not have a contact feature in every makefile. Rather, the contact feature is
usually intended for makefiles that only have a contact feature, i.e. whose only purpose
is to create mogul entries for the corresponding persons. Here is an example of such a
makefile:

makefile(
contact :
o(
mogul : 'mogul:/duchier/denys'
name : 'Denys Duchier'
email : '[email protected]'
www : 'http://www.ps.uni-sb.de/~duchier/'))

You can invoke ozmake --publish on such a makefile to contribute the corresponding mogul
database entries

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