perltoc - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set.
It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're
looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - The Perl 5 language interpreter
SYNOPSIS
GETTING HELP
Overview
Tutorials
Reference Manual
Internals and C Language Interface
Miscellaneous
Language-Specific
Platform-Specific
Stubs for Deleted Documents
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
FILES
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
NOTES

perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Running Perl programs
Safety net
Basic syntax overview
Perl variable types
Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

Variable scoping
Conditional and looping constructs
if, while, for, foreach

Builtin operators and functions
Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous

Files and I/O
Regular expressions
Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

Writing subroutines
OO Perl
Using Perl modules
AUTHOR

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
#! and quoting on non-Unix systems
OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, VMS

Location of Perl
Command Switches
-0[octal/hexadecimal] , -a , -C [number/list] , -c , -d , -dt, -d:MOD[=bar,baz]
, -dt:MOD[=bar,baz], -Dletters , -Dnumber, -e commandline , -E commandline , -f
, -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension] , -Idirectory , -l[octnum] , -m[-]module ,
-M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -s , -S ,
-t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W , -X , -x , -xdirectory

ENVIRONMENT
HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes , :crlf , :mmap , :perlio
, :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 , :win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB ,
PERL5DB_THREADED , PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP
(specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS , PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL ,
PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING , PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_PERTURB_KEYS ,
PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_MEM_LOG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port) ,
PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
DESCRIPTION
Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
The Solution
Syntax
Making References
Using References
An Example
Arrow Rule
Solution
The Rest
Summary
Credits
Distribution Conditions

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
DESCRIPTION
arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate
constructs

REFERENCES
COMMON MISTAKES
CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS "use strict"
DEBUGGING
CODE EXAMPLES
ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
HASHES OF ARRAYS
Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
ARRAYS OF HASHES
Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
HASHES OF HASHES
Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
Database Ties
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
Growing Your Own
Access and Printing
Slices
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
DESCRIPTION
The Guide
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
Extracting matches
Matching repetitions
More matching
Search and replace
The split operator
"use re 'strict'"
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Part 1: The basics
Simple word matching
Using character classes
Matching this or that
Grouping things and hierarchical matching
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Extracting matches
Backreferences
Relative backreferences
Named backreferences
Alternative capture group numbering
Position information
Non-capturing groupings
Matching repetitions
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Possessive quantifiers
Building a regexp
Using regular expressions in Perl
Part 2: Power tools
More on characters, strings, and character classes
Compiling and saving regular expressions
Composing regular expressions at runtime
Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
Looking ahead and looking behind
Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
Conditional expressions
Defining named patterns
Recursive patterns
A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
Backtracking control verbs
Pragmas and debugging
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
Acknowledgments

perlootut - Object-Oriented Programming in Perl Tutorial
DATE
DESCRIPTION
OBJECT-ORIENTED FUNDAMENTALS
Object
Class
Methods
Attributes
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Composition
Roles
When to Use OO
PERL OO SYSTEMS
Moose
Declarative sugar, Roles built-in, A miniature type system, Full introspection and
manipulation, Self-hosted and extensible, Rich ecosystem, Many more features

Class::Accessor
Class::Tiny
Role::Tiny
OO System Summary
Moose, Class::Accessor, Class::Tiny, Role::Tiny

Other OO Systems
CONCLUSION

perlperf - Perl Performance and Optimization Techniques
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
ONE STEP SIDEWAYS
ONE STEP FORWARD
ANOTHER STEP SIDEWAYS
GENERAL GUIDELINES
BENCHMARKS
Assigning and Dereferencing Variables.
Search and replace or tr
PROFILING TOOLS
Devel::DProf
Devel::Profiler
Devel::SmallProf
Devel::FastProf
Devel::NYTProf
SORTING
Elapsed Real Time, User CPU Time, System CPU Time

LOGGING
Logging if DEBUG (constant)
POSTSCRIPT
SEE ALSO
PERLDOCS
MAN PAGES
MODULES
URLS
AUTHOR

perlstyle - Perl style guide
DESCRIPTION

perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
DESCRIPTION
The sheet
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
DESCRIPTION
Awk Traps
C/C++ Traps
JavaScript Traps
Sed Traps
Shell Traps
Perl Traps

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
DESCRIPTION
use strict
Looking at data and -w and v
help
Stepping through code
Placeholder for a, w, t, T
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
OUTPUT TIPS
CGI
GUIs
SUMMARY
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Where to find the perlfaq
How to use the perlfaq
How to contribute to the perlfaq
What if my question isn't answered in the FAQ?
TABLE OF CONTENTS
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl,
perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and
Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues,
perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking

THE QUESTIONS
perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
perlfaq3: Programming Tools
perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
perlfaq5: Files and Formats
perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
perlfaq8: System Interaction
perlfaq9: Web, Email and Networking
CREDITS
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
What is Perl?
Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
Which version of Perl should I use?
What are Perl 4, Perl 5, or Perl 6?
What is Perl 6?
How stable is Perl?
How often are new versions of Perl released?
Is Perl difficult to learn?
How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
Can I do [task] in Perl?
When shouldn't I program in Perl?
What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
What is a JAPH?
How can I convince others to use Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/about.html>, <http://perltraining.com.au/whyperl.html>

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
How can I get a binary version of Perl?
I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/...
failed. How do I make it work?
What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
Where can I get information on Perl?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://perldoc.perl.org/>, <http://learn.perl.org/>

What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
<http://www.perl.org/>, <http://learn.perl.org/>, <http://jobs.perl.org/>,
<http://lists.perl.org/>

Where can I post questions?
Perl Books
Which magazines have Perl content?
Which Perl blogs should I read?
What mailing lists are there for Perl?
Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
Where do I send bug reports?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I do (anything)?
Basics, perldata - Perl data types, perlvar - Perl pre-defined variables, perlsyn
- Perl syntax, perlop - Perl operators and precedence, perlsub - Perl subroutines,
Execution, perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter, perldebug - Perl
debugging, Functions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions, Objects, perlref - Perl
references and nested data structures, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol
tables), perlobj - Perl objects, perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple
variable, Data Structures, perlref - Perl references and nested data structures,
perllol - Manipulating arrays of arrays in Perl, perldsc - Perl Data Structures
Cookbook, Modules, perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables), perlmodlib
- constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones, Regexes, perlre - Perl
regular expressions, perlfunc - Perl builtin functions>, perlop - Perl operators
and precedence, perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
localization), Moving to perl5, perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary, perl,
Linking with C, perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs, perlxs - XS language
reference manual, perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C, perlguts -
Introduction to the Perl API, perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program,
Various

How can I use Perl interactively?
How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
How do I debug my Perl programs?
How do I profile my Perl programs?
How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
Eclipse, Enginsite, Kephra, Komodo, Notepad++, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, Padre,
PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed,
Vim, Vile, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, ConTEXT, bash, zsh, BBEdit and TextWrangler

Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
Where can I get perl-mode or cperl-mode for emacs?
How can I use curses with Perl?
How can I write a GUI (X, Tk, Gtk, etc.) in Perl?
Tk, Wx, Gtk and Gtk2, Win32::GUI, CamelBones, Qt, Athena

How can I make my Perl program run faster?
How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk

Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
How can I get "#!perl" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I
doing wrong?
When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
What's MakeMaker?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Data: Numbers
Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should
be getting (eg, 19.95)?
Why is int() broken?
Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from decimal
to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal
to binary

Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
How do I multiply matrices?
How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
How can I output Roman numerals?
Why aren't my random numbers random?
How do I get a random number between X and Y?
Data: Dates
How do I find the day or week of the year?
How do I find the current century or millennium?
How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
How can I find the Julian Day?
How do I find yesterday's date?
Does Perl have a Year 2000 or 2038 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
Data: Strings
How do I validate input?
How do I unescape a string?
How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
How do I expand function calls in a string?
How do I find matching/nesting anything?
How do I reverse a string?
How do I expand tabs in a string?
How do I reformat a paragraph?
How can I access or change N characters of a string?
How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
How can I split a [character]-delimited string except when inside [character]?
How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
How do I extract selected columns from a string?
How do I find the soundex value of a string?
How can I expand variables in text strings?
What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
There must be no space after the << part, There (probably) should be a semicolon
at the end of the opening token, You can't (easily) have any space in front of the
tag, There needs to be at least a line separator after the end token

Data: Arrays
What is the difference between a list and an array?
What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?
How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of
two arrays?
How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
How do I handle linked lists?
How do I handle circular lists?
How do I shuffle an array randomly?
How do I process/modify each element of an array?
How do I select a random element from an array?
How do I permute N elements of a list?
How do I sort an array by (anything)?
How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
How do I process an entire hash?
How do I merge two hashes?
What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
How do I look up a hash element by value?
How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
How can I always keep my hash sorted?
What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes
or arrays?
How can I use a reference as a hash key?
How can I check if a key exists in a multilevel hash?
How can I prevent addition of unwanted keys into a hash?
Data: Misc
How do I handle binary data correctly?
How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
How do I define methods for every class/object?
How do I verify a credit card checksum?
How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
How do I change, delete, or insert a line in a file, or append to the beginning of a
file?
How do I count the number of lines in a file?
How do I delete the last N lines from a file?
How can I use Perl's "-i" option from within a program?
How can I copy a file?
How do I make a temporary file name?
How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between
subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
How can I write() into a string?
How can I open a filehandle to a string?
How can I output my numbers with commas added?
How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
How can I reliably rename a file?
How can I lock a file?
Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I
do this?
All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still
have to use locking?
How do I randomly update a binary file?
How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
How do I print to more than one file at once?
How can I read in an entire file all at once?
How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
How do I do a "tail -f" in perl?
How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
How do I close a file descriptor by number?
Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does "-i" clobber protected files?
Isn't this a bug in Perl?
How do I select a random line from a file?
Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
How do I traverse a directory tree?
How do I delete a directory tree?
How do I copy an entire directory?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and
unmaintainable code?
Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters

I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
How do I match XML, HTML, or other nasty, ugly things with a regex?
I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
How do I substitute case-insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?
How can I make "\w" match national character sets?
How can I match a locale-smart version of "/[a-zA-Z]/"?
How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
What is "/o" really for?
How do I use a regular expression to strip C-style comments from a file?
Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
How do I process each word on each line?
How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
How can I do approximate matching?
How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
Why don't word-boundary searches with "\b" work for me?
Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
What good is "\G" in a regular expression?
Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
How do I match a regular expression that's in a variable?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
How do I skip some return values?
How do I temporarily block warnings?
What's an extension?
Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
How do I declare/create a structure?
How do I create a module?
How do I adopt or take over a module already on CPAN?
How do I create a class?
How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
What's a closure?
What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?
Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing
Methods

How do I create a static variable?
What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local()
and my()?
How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
Why doesn't "my($foo) = <$fh>;" work right?
How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
How do I create a switch or case statement?
How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods?
Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
How can I find out my current or calling package?
How can I comment out a large block of Perl code?
How do I clear a package?
How can I use a variable as a variable name?
What does "bad interpreter" mean?
Do I need to recompile XS modules when there is a change in the C library?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq8 - System Interaction
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
How come exec() doesn't return?
How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

How do I print something out in color?
How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
How do I clear the screen?
How do I get the screen size?
How do I ask the user for a password?
How do I read and write the serial port?
lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input

How do I decode encrypted password files?
How do I start a process in the background?
STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

How do I trap control characters/signals?
How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
How do I set the time and date?
How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
How can I measure time under a second?
How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error
message "Protocol not supported" mean?
How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
How can I call backticks without shell processing?
Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
How can I convert my shell script to perl?
Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
How can I write expect in Perl?
Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"?
I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change
disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?
Unix

How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
How do I fork a daemon process?
How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
How do I timeout a slow event?
How do I set CPU limits?
How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
How do I use an SQL database?
How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
How do I open a file without blocking?
How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
How do I install a module from CPAN?
What's the difference between require and use?
How do I keep my own module/library directory?
How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
the "PERLLIB" environment variable, the "PERL5LIB" environment variable, the "perl
-Idir" command line flag, the "lib" pragma:, the local::lib module:

Where are modules installed?
What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq9 - Web, Email and Networking
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
Should I use a web framework?
Which web framework should I use?
Catalyst, Dancer, Mojolicious, Web::Simple

What is Plack and PSGI?
How do I remove HTML from a string?
How do I extract URLs?
How do I fetch an HTML file?
How do I automate an HTML form submission?
How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
How do I redirect to another page?
How do I put a password on my web pages?
How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that causes my CGI script to
do bad things?
How do I parse a mail header?
How do I check a valid mail address?
How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
How do I find the user's mail address?
How do I send email?
Email::Sender::Transport::Sendmail, Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP,
Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP::TLS

How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
How do I read email?
How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
How do I fetch/put an (S)FTP file?
How can I do RPC in Perl?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlsyn - Perl syntax
DESCRIPTION
Declarations
Comments
Simple Statements
Truth and Falsehood
Statement Modifiers
Compound Statements
Loop Control
For Loops
Foreach Loops
Basic BLOCKs
Switch Statements
Goto
The Ellipsis Statement
PODs: Embedded Documentation
Plain Old Comments (Not!)
Experimental Details on given and when
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

perldata - Perl data types
DESCRIPTION
Variable names
Identifier parsing
Context
Scalar values
Scalar value constructors
List value constructors
Subscripts
Multi-dimensional array emulation
Slices
Typeglobs and Filehandles
SEE ALSO

perlop - Perl operators and precedence
DESCRIPTION
Operator Precedence and Associativity
Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
The Arrow Operator
Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
Exponentiation
Symbolic Unary Operators
Binding Operators
Multiplicative Operators
Additive Operators
Shift Operators
Named Unary Operators
Relational Operators
Equality Operators
Smartmatch Operator
1. Empty hashes or arrays match, 2. That is, each element smartmatches the element
of the same index in the other array.[3], 3. If a circular reference is found,
fall back to referential equality, 4. Either an actual number, or a string that
looks like one

Bitwise And
Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
C-style Logical And
C-style Logical Or
Logical Defined-Or
Range Operators
Conditional Operator
Assignment Operators
Comma Operator
List Operators (Rightward)
Logical Not
Logical And
Logical or and Exclusive Or
C Operators Missing From Perl
unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

Quote and Quote-like Operators
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Regexp Quote-Like Operators
"qr/STRING/msixpodualn" , "m/PATTERN/msixpodualngc"

, "/PATTERN/msixpodualngc", The empty pattern "//", Matching in list context, "\G
assertion", "m?PATTERN?msixpodualngc"
, "?PATTERN?msixpodualngc", "s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/msixpodualngcer"

Quote-Like Operators
"q/STRING/" , 'STRING', "qq/STRING/" , "STRING", "qx/STRING/" ,
"`STRING`", "qw/STRING/" , "tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr"
, "y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsr", "<<EOF" , Double Quotes, Single
Quotes, Backticks

Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
Finding the end, Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", the pattern of "s'''", '',
"q//", "tr'''", "y'''", the replacement of "s'''", "tr///", "y///", "", "``",
"qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>", "<<"EOF"", the replacement of "s///", "RE" in
"?RE?", "/RE/", "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, parsing regular expressions , Optimization
of regular expressions

I/O Operators
Constant Folding
No-ops
Bitwise String Operators
Integer Arithmetic
Floating-point Arithmetic
Bigger Numbers

perlsub - Perl subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
documented later in this document, documented in perlmod, documented in perlobj,
documented in perltie, documented in PerlIO::via, documented in perlfunc, documented
in UNIVERSAL, documented in perldebguts, undocumented, used internally by the overload
feature

Signatures
Private Variables via my()
Persistent Private Variables
Temporary Values via local()
Lvalue subroutines
Lexical Subroutines
Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
When to Still Use local()
Pass by Reference
Prototypes
Constant Functions
Overriding Built-in Functions
Autoloading
Subroutine Attributes
SEE ALSO

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
DESCRIPTION
Perl Functions by Category
Functions for SCALARs or strings , Regular expressions and pattern matching ,
Numeric functions , Functions for real @ARRAYs , Functions for list data ,
Functions for real %HASHes , Input and output functions
, Functions for fixed-length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files,
or directories
, Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program , Keywords related
to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups
, Keywords related to Perl modules , Keywords related to classes and object-
orientation
, Low-level socket functions , System V interprocess communication functions
, Fetching user and group info
, Fetching network info , Time-related functions , Non-function keywords

Portability
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X FILEHANDLE , -X EXPR, -X DIRHANDLE, -X, abs VALUE , abs, accept
NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET , alarm SECONDS , alarm, atan2 Y,X , bind SOCKET,NAME ,
binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER
, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, break, caller EXPR ,
caller, chdir EXPR , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE, chdir, chmod LIST ,
chomp VARIABLE , chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop,
chown LIST , chr NUMBER , chr, chroot FILENAME , chroot, close FILEHANDLE ,
close, closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , continue, cos
EXPR , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT

, dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK , defined EXPR , defined,
delete EXPR , die LIST , do BLOCK , do EXPR , dump LABEL , dump EXPR, dump,
each HASH , each ARRAY , each EXPR, eof FILEHANDLE , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
, eval BLOCK, eval, evalbytes EXPR , evalbytes, exec LIST , exec PROGRAM LIST,
exists EXPR , exit EXPR , exit, exp EXPR , exp, fc EXPR , fc, fcntl
FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , __FILE__ , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock
FILEHANDLE,OPERATION , fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc FILEHANDLE ,
getc, getlogin , getpeername SOCKET , getpgrp PID , getppid
, getpriority WHICH,WHO , getpwnam NAME

, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME,
getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO,
getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,
endservent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME , glob EXPR
, glob, gmtime EXPR , gmtime, goto LABEL , goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK
LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION ,
index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR
, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST , keys HASH , keys
ARRAY, keys EXPR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, kill SIGNAL , last LABEL , last EXPR, last,
lc EXPR , lc, If "use bytes" is in effect:, Otherwise, if "use locale" for
"LC_CTYPE" is in effect:, Otherwise, If EXPR has the UTF8 flag set:, Otherwise, if
"use feature 'unicode_strings'" or "use locale ':not_characters'" is in effect:,
Otherwise:, lcfirst EXPR , lcfirst, length EXPR , length, __LINE__ , link
OLDFILE,NEWFILE , listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime EXPR ,
localtime, lock THING , log EXPR
, log, lstat FILEHANDLE , lstat EXPR, lstat DIRHANDLE, lstat, m//, map BLOCK
LIST , map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK , mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl
ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd
ID,MSG,FLAGS , my VARLIST , my TYPE VARLIST, my VARLIST : ATTRS, my TYPE VARLIST :
ATTRS, next LABEL , next EXPR, next, no MODULE VERSION LIST , no MODULE VERSION,
no MODULE LIST, no MODULE, no VERSION, oct EXPR , oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR ,
open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open
FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR ,
ord, our VARLIST , our TYPE VARLIST, our VARLIST : ATTRS, our TYPE VARLIST :
ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE, package NAMESPACE VERSION ,
package NAMESPACE BLOCK, package NAMESPACE VERSION BLOCK , __PACKAGE__ , pipe
READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY , pop EXPR, pop, pos SCALAR , pos, print
FILEHANDLE LIST , print FILEHANDLE, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT,
LIST , printf FILEHANDLE, printf FORMAT, LIST, printf, prototype FUNCTION ,
prototype, push ARRAY,LIST , push EXPR,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qw/STRING/,
qx/STRING/, qr/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR , quotemeta, rand EXPR , rand, read
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir
DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR, readline , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR,
readpipe , recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo EXPR, redo, ref
EXPR , ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME , require VERSION , require EXPR, require,
reset EXPR , reset, return EXPR , return, reverse LIST , rewinddir DIRHANDLE ,
rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME , rmdir, s///,
say FILEHANDLE LIST , say FILEHANDLE, say LIST, say, scalar EXPR , seek
FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE , select,
select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget
KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO , send
SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP , setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY
, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL , shift ARRAY , shift EXPR, shift,
shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE , shmwrite
ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep EXPR , sleep,
socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair
SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST , sort BLOCK LIST,
sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice
ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, splice EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice EXPR,OFFSET, splice EXPR, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT ,
split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , format
parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width
, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR , sqrt, srand EXPR , srand, stat
FILEHANDLE , stat EXPR, stat DIRHANDLE, stat, state VARLIST , state TYPE
VARLIST, state VARLIST : ATTRS, state TYPE VARLIST : ATTRS, study SCALAR , study,
sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO)
: ATTRS BLOCK, __SUB__ , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT , substr
EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE , syscall
NUMBER, LIST , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen
FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE , system LIST ,
system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite
FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE , tell,
telldir DIRHANDLE , tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times ,
tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR , uc, ucfirst
EXPR , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR , undef, unlink LIST
, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , unpack TEMPLATE, unshift ARRAY,LIST , unshift
EXPR,LIST, untie VARIABLE , use Module VERSION LIST , use Module VERSION, use
Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST , values HASH , values ARRAY,
values EXPR, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS , wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray
, warn LIST , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///

Non-function Keywords by Cross-reference
__DATA__, __END__, BEGIN, CHECK, END, INIT, UNITCHECK, DESTROY, and, cmp, eq, ge,
gt, le, lt, ne, not, or, x, xor, AUTOLOAD, else, elsif, for, foreach, if, unless,
until, while, elseif, default, given, when

perlopentut - simple recipes for opening files and pipes in Perl
DESCRIPTION
OK, HANDLE, MODE, PATHNAME

Opening Text Files
Opening Text Files for Reading
Opening Text Files for Writing
Opening Binary Files
Opening Pipes
Low-level File Opens via sysopen
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT

perlpacktut - tutorial on "pack" and "unpack"
DESCRIPTION
The Basic Principle
Packing Text
Packing Numbers
Integers
Unpacking a Stack Frame
How to Eat an Egg on a Net
Byte-order modifiers
Floating point Numbers
Exotic Templates
Bit Strings
Uuencoding
Doing Sums
Unicode
Another Portable Binary Encoding
Template Grouping
Lengths and Widths
String Lengths
Dynamic Templates
Counting Repetitions
Intel HEX
Packing and Unpacking C Structures
The Alignment Pit
Dealing with Endian-ness
Alignment, Take 2
Alignment, Take 3
Pointers for How to Use Them
Pack Recipes
Funnies Section
Authors

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
DESCRIPTION
Ordinary Paragraph
Verbatim Paragraph
Command Paragraph
"=head1 Heading Text"
, "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4 Heading Text", "=over
indentlevel"
, "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut" , "=pod" , "=begin formatname"
, "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"

Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text , "B<text>" -- bold text
, "C<code>" -- code text
, "L<name>" -- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" -- a character escape
, "F<filename>" -- used for filenames , "S<text>" -- text contains non-breaking
spaces
, "X<topic name>" -- an index entry
, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code

The Intent
Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
Hints for Writing Pod

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes
DESCRIPTION
Pod Definitions
Pod Commands
"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", "=back",
"=begin formatname", "=begin formatname parameter", "=end formatname", "=for
formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"

Pod Formatting Codes
"I<text>" -- italic text, "B<text>" -- bold text, "C<code>" -- code text,
"F<filename>" -- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" -- an index entry, "Z<>" -- a
null (zero-effect) formatting code, "L<name>" -- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" -- a
character escape, "S<text>" -- text contains non-breaking spaces

Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
About L<...> Codes
First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

About =over...=back Regions
About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlpodstyle - Perl POD style guide
DESCRIPTION
NAME, SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, OPTIONS, RETURN VALUE, ERRORS, DIAGNOSTICS, EXAMPLES,
ENVIRONMENT, FILES, CAVEATS, BUGS, RESTRICTIONS, NOTES, AUTHOR, HISTORY, COPYRIGHT AND
LICENSE, SEE ALSO

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
DESCRIPTION

perldebug - Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
The Perl Debugger
Calling the Debugger
perl -d program_name, perl -d -e 0, perl -d:ptkdb program_name, perl -dt
threaded_program_name

Debugger Commands
h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg [vars]] , X [vars] , y
[level [vars]] , T , s [expr] , n [expr] , r , <CR>, c [line|sub] , l , l
min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/,
?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t [n] , t [n] expr , b , b [line] [condition]
, b [file]:[line] [condition] , b subname [condition] , b postpone subname
[condition] , b load filename
, b compile subname , B line , B *
, disable [file]:[line]
, disable [line]
, enable [file]:[line]
, enable [line]
, a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr , W expr , W * , o , o booloption ...
, o anyoption? ... , o option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command ,
> ? , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{ command , !
number , ! -number , ! pattern , !! cmd , source file , H -number , q or ^D , R ,
|dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]

Configurable Options
"recallCommand", "ShellBang" , "pager" , "tkRunning" , "signalLevel",
"warnLevel", "dieLevel"
, "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" , "ornaments" , "frame"
, "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" , "arrayDepth", "hashDepth" , "dumpDepth" ,
"compactDump", "veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" ,
"DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
, "UsageOnly" , "HistFile" , "HistSize" , "TTY" , "noTTY" , "ReadLine" ,
"NonStop"

Debugger Input/Output
Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace , Line Listing Format, Frame listing

Debugging Compile-Time Statements
Debugger Customization
Readline Support / History in the Debugger
Editor Support for Debugging
The Perl Profiler
Debugging Regular Expressions
Debugging Memory Usage
SEE ALSO
BUGS

perlvar - Perl predefined variables
DESCRIPTION
The Syntax of Variable Names
SPECIAL VARIABLES
General Variables
$ARG, $_ , @ARG, @_ , $LIST_SEPARATOR, $" , $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$ ,
$PROGRAM_NAME, $0 , $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(
, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $) , $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $< , $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID,
$EUID, $> , $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $; , $a, $b , %ENV ,
$OLD_PERL_VERSION, $] , $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F
, @F , @INC , %INC , $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I , $^M , $OSNAME, $^O , %SIG , $BASETIME,
$^T , $PERL_VERSION, $^V , ${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}
, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X

Variables related to regular expressions
$<digits> ($1, $2, ...) , $MATCH, $& , ${^MATCH} , $PREMATCH, $` ,
${^PREMATCH} , $POSTMATCH, $'
, ${^POSTMATCH} , $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+ , $LAST_SUBMATCH_RESULT, $^N ,
@LAST_MATCH_END, @+ , %LAST_PAREN_MATCH, %+ , @LAST_MATCH_START, @- , "$`" is
the same as "substr($var, 0, $-[0])", $& is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
- $-[0])", "$'" is the same as "substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the same as
"substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2]
- $-[2])", $3 is the same as "substr($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])",
%LAST_MATCH_START, %- , $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R , ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS} ,
${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}

Variables related to filehandles
$ARGV , @ARGV , ARGV , ARGVOUT , IO::Handle->output_field_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $, , HANDLE->input_line_number( EXPR ),
$INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $. , IO::Handle->input_record_separator( EXPR ),
$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/ , IO::Handle->output_record_separator( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\ , HANDLE->autoflush( EXPR ),
$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $| , ${^LAST_FH} , $ACCUMULATOR, $^A ,
IO::Handle->format_formfeed(EXPR), $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L ,
HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $% ,
HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $- ,
IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:
, HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $= ,
HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^ , HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
$FORMAT_NAME, $~

Error Variables
${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE} , $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E
, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S , $WARNING, $^W , ${^WARNING_BITS} , $OS_ERROR,
$ERRNO, $! , %OS_ERROR, %ERRNO, %! , $CHILD_ERROR, $? , $EVAL_ERROR, $@

Variables related to the interpreter state
$COMPILING, $^C , $DEBUGGING, $^D , ${^ENCODING} , ${^GLOBAL_PHASE} , CONSTRUCT,
START, CHECK, INIT, RUN, END, DESTRUCT, $^H , %^H , ${^OPEN} , $PERLDB, $^P ,
0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, 0x800,
0x1000, ${^TAINT} , ${^UNICODE} , ${^UTF8CACHE} , ${^UTF8LOCALE}

Deprecated and removed variables
$# , $* , $[

perlre - Perl regular expressions
DESCRIPTION
Modifiers
m , s , i , x , p
, a, d, l and u , n , Other Modifiers

Regular Expressions
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]

Quoting metacharacters
Extended Patterns
"(?#text)" , "(?adlupimnsx-imnsx)", "(?^alupimnsx)" , "(?:pattern)" ,
"(?adluimnsx-imnsx:pattern)", "(?^aluimnsx:pattern)" , "(?|pattern)" , Look-
Around Assertions
, "(?=pattern)" , "(?!pattern)" , "(?<=pattern)" "\K"
, "(?<!pattern)"
, "(?'NAME'pattern)", "(?<NAME>pattern)"
, "\k<NAME>", "\k'NAME'", "(?{ code })" , "(??{ code })" , "(?PARNO)"
"(?-PARNO)" "(?+PARNO)" "(?R)" "(?0)"

, "(?&NAME)" , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)" ,
"(?(condition)yes-pattern)", (1) (2) .., (<NAME>) ('NAME'), (?=...) (?!...)
(?<=...) (?<!...), (?{ CODE }), (R), (R1) (R2) .., (R&NAME), (DEFINE),
"(?>pattern)" , "(?[ ])"

Special Backtracking Control Verbs
Verbs that take an argument, "(*PRUNE)" "(*PRUNE:NAME)" , "(*SKIP)" "(*SKIP:NAME)"
, "(*MARK:NAME)" "(*:NAME)" , "(*THEN)" "(*THEN:NAME)", Verbs without an
argument, "(*COMMIT)" , "(*FAIL)" "(*F)" , "(*ACCEPT)"

Backtracking
Version 8 Regular Expressions
Warning on \1 Instead of $1
Repeated Patterns Matching a Zero-length Substring
Combining RE Pieces
"ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?", "S?", "S*", "S+",
"S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)", "(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR
})", "(?PARNO)", "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"

Creating Custom RE Engines
Embedded Code Execution Frequency
PCRE/Python Support
"(?P<NAME>pattern)", "(?P=NAME)", "(?P>NAME)"

BUGS
SEE ALSO

perlrebackslash - Perl Regular Expression Backslash Sequences and Escapes
DESCRIPTION
The backslash
[1]

All the sequences and escapes
Character Escapes
[1], [2]

Modifiers
Character classes
Referencing
Assertions
\A, \z, \Z, \G, \b{}, \b, \B{}, \B, "\b{gcb}" or "\b{g}", "\b{sb}", "\b{wb}"

Misc
\C, \K, \N, \R , \X

perlrecharclass - Perl Regular Expression Character Classes
DESCRIPTION
The dot
Backslash sequences
If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise .., For code points above 255 ..,
For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in effect .., if Unicode rules
are in effect .., otherwise .., If the "/a" modifier is in effect .., otherwise
.., For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules
are in effect .., if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise .., [1], [2]

Bracketed Character Classes
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], If the "/a" modifier, is in effect .., otherwise ..,
For code points above 255 .., For code points below 256 .., if locale rules are in
effect .., "word", "ascii", "blank", if Unicode rules are in effect .., otherwise
..

perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
DESCRIPTION
OPERATORS
SYNTAX
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
CHARACTER CLASSES
ANCHORS
QUANTIFIERS
EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
VARIABLES
FUNCTIONS
TERMINOLOGY
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
THANKS

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
NOTE
DESCRIPTION
Making References
1. , 2.
, 3.

, 4. , 5. , 6. , 7.

Using References
Circular References
Symbolic references
Not-so-symbolic references
Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
Function Templates
WARNING
Postfix Dereference Syntax
Postfix Reference Slicing
Assigning to References
SEE ALSO

perlform - Perl formats
DESCRIPTION
Text Fields
Numeric Fields
The Field @* for Variable-Width Multi-Line Text
The Field ^* for Variable-Width One-line-at-a-time Text
Specifying Values
Using Fill Mode
Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
Repeating Format Lines
Top of Form Processing
Format Variables
NOTES
Footers
Accessing Formatting Internals
WARNINGS

perlobj - Perl object reference
DESCRIPTION
An Object is Simply a Data Structure
A Class is Simply a Package
A Method is Simply a Subroutine
Method Invocation
Inheritance
Writing Constructors
Attributes
An Aside About Smarter and Safer Code
Method Call Variations
Invoking Class Methods
"bless", "blessed", and "ref"
The UNIVERSAL Class
isa($class) , DOES($role) , can($method) , VERSION($need)

AUTOLOAD
Destructors
Non-Hash Objects
Inside-Out objects
Pseudo-hashes
SEE ALSO

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tying Scalars
TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value , UNTIE this , DESTROY
this

Tying Arrays
TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this, index, value ,
FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND this, count , EXISTS this, key ,
DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , PUSH this, LIST
, POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
, UNTIE this , DESTROY this

Tying Hashes
USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH this, key , STORE this,
key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this ,
NEXTKEY this, lastkey , SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

Tying FileHandles
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST , PRINTF this,
LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC this , EOF this , CLOSE this , UNTIE
this , DESTROY this

UNTIE this
The "untie" Gotcha
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHOR

perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example: the NULL termination problem.
Another Example: Key is a C int.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets,
and semaphores)
DESCRIPTION
Signals
Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
Long-running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state

Named Pipes
Using open() for IPC
Filehandles
Background Processes
Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
Safe Pipe Opens
Avoiding Pipe Deadlocks
Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
Sockets: Client/Server Communication
Internet Line Terminators
Internet TCP Clients and Servers
Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
TCP Clients with IO::Socket
A Simple Client
"Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"

A Webget Client
Interactive Client with IO::Socket
TCP Servers with IO::Socket
Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

UDP: Message Passing
SysV IPC
NOTES
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames,
wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories
and network sockets

Resource limits
Killing the parent process
Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Open directory handles, Forking pipe open() not yet
implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
application, Thread-safety of extensions

PORTABILITY CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Storing numbers
Numeric operators and numeric conversions
Flavors of Perl numeric operations
Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use integer", Other
mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during "use integer",
Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlthrtut - Tutorial on threads in Perl
DESCRIPTION
What Is A Thread Anyway?
Threaded Program Models
Boss/Worker
Work Crew
Pipeline
What kind of threads are Perl threads?
Thread-Safe Modules
Thread Basics
Basic Thread Support
A Note about the Examples
Creating Threads
Waiting For A Thread To Exit
Ignoring A Thread
Process and Thread Termination
Threads And Data
Shared And Unshared Data
Thread Pitfalls: Races
Synchronization and control
Controlling access: lock()
A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
Queues: Passing Data Around
Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
Basic semaphores
Advanced Semaphores
Waiting for a Condition
Giving up control
General Thread Utility Routines
What Thread Am I In?
Thread IDs
Are These Threads The Same?
What Threads Are Running?
A Complete Example
Different implementations of threads
Performance considerations
Process-scope Changes
Thread-Safety of System Libraries
Conclusion
SEE ALSO
Bibliography
Introductory Texts
OS-Related References
Other References
Acknowledgements
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perlport - Writing portable Perl
DESCRIPTION
Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable

ISSUES
Newlines
Numbers endianness and Width
Files and Filesystems
System Interaction
Command names versus file pathnames
Networking
Interprocess Communication (IPC)
External Subroutines (XS)
Standard Modules
Time and Date
Character sets and character encoding
Internationalisation
System Resources
Security
Style
CPAN Testers
PLATFORMS
Unix
DOS and Derivatives
VMS
VOS
EBCDIC Platforms
Acorn RISC OS
Other perls
FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-X, alarm, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, dump,
exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam,
getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber,
getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent,
getprotoent, getservent, seekdir, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent,
endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt
SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link,
localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, readlink, rename,
rewinddir, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority,
setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sleep, sockatmark,
socketpair, stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, telldir, times, truncate,
umask, utime, wait, waitpid

Supported Platforms
Linux (x86, ARM, IA64), HP-UX, AIX, Win32, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server
2003, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Cygwin, Solaris (x86, SPARC),
OpenVMS, Alpha (7.2 and later), I64 (8.2 and later), Symbian, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Debian
GNU/kFreeBSD, Haiku, Irix (6.5. What else?), OpenBSD, Dragonfly BSD, Midnight BSD, QNX
Neutrino RTOS (6.5.0), MirOS BSD, Stratus OpenVOS (17.0 or later), time_t issues that
may or may not be fixed, Symbian (Series 60 v3, 3.2 and 5 - what else?), Stratus VOS /
OpenVOS, AIX, Android, FreeMINT

EOL Platforms
(Perl 5.20)
AT&T 3b1

(Perl 5.14)
Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT4

(Perl 5.12)
Atari MiNT, Apollo Domain/OS, Apple Mac OS 8/9, Tenon Machten

Supported Platforms (Perl 5.8)
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A LOCALE
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric formatting, Category "LC_MONETARY": Formatting of
monetary amounts, Category "LC_TIME": Date/Time formatting, Category "LC_MESSAGES":
Error and other messages, Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation, Category "LC_CTYPE":
Character Types, Other categories

PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
USING LOCALES
The "use locale" pragma
Not within the scope of "use locale", Lingering effects of "use locale", Under
""use locale";"

The setlocale function
Finding locales
LOCALE PROBLEMS
Testing for broken locales
Temporarily fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing locale problems
Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
Fixing system locale configuration
The localeconv function
I18N::Langinfo
LOCALE CATEGORIES
Category "LC_COLLATE": Collation
Category "LC_CTYPE": Character Types
Category "LC_NUMERIC": Numeric Formatting
Category "LC_MONETARY": Formatting of monetary amounts
"LC_TIME"
Other categories
SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT, PERL_BADLANG, DPKG_RUNNING_VERSION, "LC_ALL", "LANGUAGE",
"LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_MONETARY", "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_TIME", "LANG"

Examples
NOTES
String "eval" and "LC_NUMERIC"
Backward compatibility
I18N:Collate obsolete
Sort speed and memory use impacts
Freely available locale definitions
I18n and l10n
An imperfect standard
Unicode and UTF-8
BUGS
Broken systems
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
DESCRIPTION
Unicode
Perl's Unicode Support
Perl's Unicode Model
Unicode and EBCDIC
Creating Unicode
Handling Unicode
Legacy Encodings
Unicode I/O
Displaying Unicode As Text
Special Cases
Advanced Topics
Miscellaneous
Questions With Answers
Hexadecimal Notation
Further Resources
UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Important Caveats
Safest if you "use feature 'unicode_strings'", Input and Output Layers, You should
convert your non-ASCII, non-UTF-8 Perl scripts to be UTF-8, "use utf8" still
needed to enable UTF-8 in scripts, "BOM"-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
autodetected

Byte and Character Semantics
ASCII Rules versus Unicode Rules
When the string has been upgraded to UTF-8, There are additional methods for
regular expression patterns

Extended Grapheme Clusters (Logical characters)
Unicode Character Properties
"\p{All}", "\p{Alnum}", "\p{Any}", "\p{ASCII}", "\p{Assigned}", "\p{Blank}",
"\p{Decomposition_Type: Non_Canonical}" (Short: "\p{Dt=NonCanon}"),
"\p{Graph}", "\p{HorizSpace}", "\p{In=*}", "\p{PerlSpace}", "\p{PerlWord}",
"\p{Posix...}", "\p{Present_In: *}" (Short: "\p{In=*}"), "\p{Print}",
"\p{SpacePerl}", "\p{Title}" and "\p{Titlecase}", "\p{Unicode}", "\p{VertSpace}",
"\p{Word}", "\p{XPosix...}"

User-Defined Character Properties
User-Defined Case Mappings (for serious hackers only)
Character Encodings for Input and Output
Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
[1] "\N{U+...}" and "\x{...}", [2] "\p{...}" "\P{...}", [3] supports not only
minimal list, but all Unicode character properties (see Unicode Character
Properties above), [4] "\d" "\D" "\s" "\S" "\w" "\W" "\X" "[:prop:]" "[:^prop:]",
[5] The experimental feature starting in v5.18 "(?[...])" accomplishes this, [6]
"\b" "\B", [7] Note that Perl does Full case-folding in matching, not Simple:, [8]
Perl treats "\n" as the start- and end-line delimiter. Unicode specifies more
characters that should be so-interpreted, [9] But "Unicode::LineBreak" is
available, [10] UTF-8/UTF-EBDDIC used in Perl allows not only "U+10000" to
"U+10FFFF" but also beyond "U+10FFFF"

Unicode Encodings
Noncharacter code points
Beyond Unicode code points
Security Implications of Unicode
Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
Locales
When Unicode Does Not Happen
The "Unicode Bug"
Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
Using Unicode in XS
Hacking Perl to work on earlier Unicode versions (for very serious hackers only)
Porting code from perl-5.6.X
BUGS
Interaction with Extensions
Speed
SEE ALSO

perlunicook - cookbookish examples of handling Unicode in Perl
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
X 0: Standard preamble
X 1: Generic Unicode-savvy filter
X 2: Fine-tuning Unicode warnings
X 3: Declare source in utf8 for identifiers and literals
X 4: Characters and their numbers
X 5: Unicode literals by character number
X 6: Get character name by number
X 7: Get character number by name
X 8: Unicode named characters
X 9: Unicode named sequences
X 10: Custom named characters
X 11: Names of CJK codepoints
X 12: Explicit encode/decode
X 13: Decode program arguments as utf8
X 14: Decode program arguments as locale encoding
X 15: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be utf8
X 16: Declare STD{IN,OUT,ERR} to be in locale encoding
X 17: Make file I/O default to utf8
X 18: Make all I/O and args default to utf8
X 19: Open file with specific encoding
X 20: Unicode casing
X 21: Unicode case-insensitive comparisons
X 22: Match Unicode linebreak sequence in regex
X 23: Get character category
X 24: Disabling Unicode-awareness in builtin charclasses
X 25: Match Unicode properties in regex with \p, \P
X 26: Custom character properties
X 27: Unicode normalization
X 28: Convert non-ASCII Unicode numerics
X 29: Match Unicode grapheme cluster in regex
X 30: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (regex)
X 31: Extract by grapheme instead of by codepoint (substr)
X 32: Reverse string by grapheme
X 33: String length in graphemes
X 34: Unicode column-width for printing
X 35: Unicode collation
X 36: Case- and accent-insensitive Unicode sort
X 37: Unicode locale collation
X 38: Making "cmp" work on text instead of codepoints
X 39: Case- and accent-insensitive comparisons
X 40: Case- and accent-insensitive locale comparisons
X 41: Unicode linebreaking
X 42: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the tedious way
X 43: Unicode text in DBM hashes, the easy way
X 44: PROGRAM: Demo of Unicode collation and printing
SEE ALSO
X3.13 Default Case Algorithms, page 113; X4.2 Case, pages 120X122; Case Mappings,
page 166X172, especially Caseless Matching starting on page 170, UAX #44: Unicode
Character Database, UTS #18: Unicode Regular Expressions, UAX #15: Unicode
Normalization Forms, UTS #10: Unicode Collation Algorithm, UAX #29: Unicode Text
Segmentation, UAX #14: Unicode Line Breaking Algorithm, UAX #11: East Asian Width

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
REVISION HISTORY

perlunifaq - Perl Unicode FAQ
Q and A
perlunitut isn't really a Unicode tutorial, is it?
What character encodings does Perl support?
Which version of perl should I use?
What about binary data, like images?
When should I decode or encode?
What if I don't decode?
What if I don't encode?
Is there a way to automatically decode or encode?
What if I don't know which encoding was used?
Can I use Unicode in my Perl sources?
Data::Dumper doesn't restore the UTF8 flag; is it broken?
Why do regex character classes sometimes match only in the ASCII range?
Why do some characters not uppercase or lowercase correctly?
How can I determine if a string is a text string or a binary string?
How do I convert from encoding FOO to encoding BAR?
What are "decode_utf8" and "encode_utf8"?
What is a "wide character"?
INTERNALS
What is "the UTF8 flag"?
What about the "use bytes" pragma?
What about the "use encoding" pragma?
What is the difference between ":encoding" and ":utf8"?
What's the difference between "UTF-8" and "utf8"?
I lost track; what encoding is the internal format really?
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perluniprops - Index of Unicode Version 7.0.0 character properties in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Properties accessible through "\p{}" and "\P{}"
Single form ("\p{name}") tighter rules:, white space adjacent to a non-word character,
underscores separating digits in numbers, Compound form ("\p{name=value}" or
"\p{name:value}") tighter rules:, Stabilized, Deprecated, Obsolete

Legal "\p{}" and "\P{}" constructs that match no characters
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=Attached_Below_Left},
\p{Canonical_Combining_Class=CCC133}, \p{Grapheme_Cluster_Break=Prepend}

Properties accessible through Unicode::UCD
Properties accessible through other means
Unicode character properties that are NOT accepted by Perl
Expands_On_NFC (XO_NFC), Expands_On_NFD (XO_NFD), Expands_On_NFKC (XO_NFKC),
Expands_On_NFKD (XO_NFKD), Grapheme_Link (Gr_Link), Indic_Matra_Category (InMC),
Indic_Syllabic_Category (InSC), Jamo_Short_Name (JSN), Other_Alphabetic (OAlpha),
Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point (ODI), Other_Grapheme_Extend (OGr_Ext),
Other_ID_Continue (OIDC), Other_ID_Start (OIDS), Other_Lowercase (OLower), Other_Math
(OMath), Other_Uppercase (OUpper), Script=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (sc=Hrkt),
Script_Extensions=Katakana_Or_Hiragana (scx=Hrkt)

Other information in the Unicode data base
auxiliary/GraphemeBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LineBreakTest.html,
auxiliary/SentenceBreakTest.html, auxiliary/WordBreakTest.html, auxiliary/LBTest.txt,
BidiCharacterTest.txt, BidiTest.txt, NormTest.txt, CJKRadicals.txt, EmojiSources.txt,
Index.txt, IndicMatraCategory.txt, IndicSyllabicCategory.txt, NamedSqProv.txt,
NamesList.html, NamesList.txt, NormalizationCorrections.txt, Props.txt, ReadMe.txt,
StandardizedVariants.html, StandardizedVariants.txt, USourceData.txt,
USourceGlyphs.pdf

SEE ALSO

perlunitut - Perl Unicode Tutorial
DESCRIPTION
Definitions
Your new toolkit
I/O flow (the actual 5 minute tutorial)
SUMMARY
Q and A (or FAQ)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
DESCRIPTION
COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
ASCII
ISO 8859
Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
EBCDIC
0037, 1047, POSIX-BC

Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
Unicode and UTF
Using Encode
SINGLE OCTET TABLES
recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6

Table in hex, sorted in 1047 order
IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
CONVERSIONS
"utf8::unicode_to_native()" and "utf8::native_to_unicode()"
tr///
iconv
C RTL
OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
"chr()", "ord()", "pack()", "print()", "printf()", "sort()", "sprintf()", "unpack()"

REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
SOCKETS
SORTING
Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
Use a sort helper function
MONO CASE then sort data (for non-digits, non-underscore)
Perform sorting on one type of platform only.
TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
URL decoding and encoding
uu encoding and decoding
Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
Caesarean ciphers
Hashing order and checksums
I18N AND L10N
MULTI-OCTET CHARACTER SETS
OS ISSUES
OS/400
PASE, IFS access

OS/390, z/OS
"sigaction", "chcp", dataset access, "iconv", locales

POSIX-BC?
BUGS
SEE ALSO
REFERENCES
HISTORY
AUTHOR

perlsec - Perl security
DESCRIPTION
SECURITY VULNERABILITY CONTACT INFORMATION
SECURITY MECHANISMS AND CONCERNS
Taint mode
Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
Switches On the "#!" Line
Taint mode and @INC
Cleaning Up Your Path
Security Bugs
Protecting Your Programs
Unicode
Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
Hash Seed Randomization, Hash Traversal Randomization, Bucket Order Perturbance,
New Default Hash Function, Alternative Hash Functions

SEE ALSO

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
DESCRIPTION
Is this the document you were after?
This doc, perlnewmod, perlmodstyle

Packages
Symbol Tables
BEGIN, UNITCHECK, CHECK, INIT and END
Perl Classes
Perl Modules
Making your module threadsafe
SEE ALSO

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
Pragmatic Modules
arybase, attributes, autodie, autodie::exception, autodie::exception::system,
autodie::hints, autodie::skip, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
charnames, constant, deprecate, diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings,
experimental, feature, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, mro, ok,
open, ops, overload, overloading, parent, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs,
threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings::register

Standard Modules
AnyDBM_File, App::Cpan, App::Prove, App::Prove::State, App::Prove::State::Result,
App::Prove::State::Result::Test, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File,
Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse,
B::Op_private, B::Showlex, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, "IO::Socket::IP",
"Socket", CORE, CPAN, CPAN::API::HOWTO, CPAN::Debug, CPAN::Distroprefs,
CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::HandleConfig, CPAN::Kwalify, CPAN::Meta,
CPAN::Meta::Converter, CPAN::Meta::Feature, CPAN::Meta::History,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2, CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3,
CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4, CPAN::Meta::Merge, CPAN::Meta::Prereqs,
CPAN::Meta::Requirements, CPAN::Meta::Spec, CPAN::Meta::Validator,
CPAN::Meta::YAML, CPAN::Nox, CPAN::Plugin, CPAN::Plugin::Specfile, CPAN::Queue,
CPAN::Tarzip, CPAN::Version, Carp, Class::Struct, Compress::Raw::Bzip2,
Compress::Raw::Zlib, Compress::Zlib, Config, Config::Perl::V, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter,
DBM_Filter::compress, DBM_Filter::encode, DBM_Filter::int32, DBM_Filter::null,
DBM_Filter::utf8, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek,
Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA, Digest::base, Digest::file,
DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte,
Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC,
Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::GSM0338, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP,
Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR,
Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported,
Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env,
Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder,
ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils,
ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed,
ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_Darwin,
ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX,
ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS,
ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ,
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::Manifest,
ExtUtils::Miniperl, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants,
ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval, ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities, ExtUtils::Typemaps,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd, ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap,
ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap, ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type, ExtUtils::XSSymSet,
ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::Compare, File::Copy,
File::DosGlob, File::Fetch, File::Find, File::Glob, File::GlobMapper, File::Path,
File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple,
Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, HTTP::Tiny,
Hash::Util, Hash::Util::FieldHash, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO,
IO::Compress::Base, IO::Compress::Bzip2, IO::Compress::Deflate, IO::Compress::FAQ,
IO::Compress::Gzip, IO::Compress::RawDeflate, IO::Compress::Zip, IO::Dir,
IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket,
IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate,
IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress, IO::Uncompress::Base, IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2,
IO::Uncompress::Gunzip, IO::Uncompress::Inflate, IO::Uncompress::RawInflate,
IO::Uncompress::Unzip, IO::Zlib, IPC::Cmd, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3,
IPC::Semaphore, IPC::SharedMem, IPC::SysV, JSON::PP, JSON::PP::Boolean,
List::Util, List::Util::XS, Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
Locale::Codes::Changes, Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country,
Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangFam,
Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::Language,
Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language,
Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Cookbook, Locale::Maketext::Guts,
Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader, Locale::Maketext::Simple, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat,
Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File,
Memoize::Storable, Module::CoreList, Module::CoreList::Utils, Module::Load,
Module::Load::Conditional, Module::Loaded, Module::Metadata, NDBM_File, NEXT,
Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::FTP::dataconn, Net::NNTP,
Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent,
Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode,
POSIX, Params::Check, Parse::CPAN::Meta, Perl::OSType, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding,
PerlIO::mmap, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Escapes,
Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink,
Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc, Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo,
Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO, Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker,
Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod,
Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Select, Pod::Simple,
Pod::Simple::Checker, Pod::Simple::Debug, Pod::Simple::DumpAsText,
Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML, Pod::Simple::HTML, Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch,
Pod::Simple::LinkSection, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser,
Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken,
Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken, Pod::Simple::PullParserToken, Pod::Simple::RTF,
Pod::Simple::Search, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree, Pod::Simple::Subclassing,
Pod::Simple::Text, Pod::Simple::TextContent, Pod::Simple::XHTML,
Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Termcap,
Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,
Storable, Sub::Util, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Syslog::Win32,
TAP::Base, TAP::Formatter::Base, TAP::Formatter::Color, TAP::Formatter::Console,
TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession, TAP::Formatter::Console::Session,
TAP::Formatter::File, TAP::Formatter::File::Session, TAP::Formatter::Session,
TAP::Harness, TAP::Harness::Env, TAP::Object, TAP::Parser,
TAP::Parser::Aggregator, TAP::Parser::Grammar, TAP::Parser::Iterator,
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array, TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process,
TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream, TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory,
TAP::Parser::Multiplexer, TAP::Parser::Result, TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout,
TAP::Parser::Result::Comment, TAP::Parser::Result::Plan,
TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma, TAP::Parser::Result::Test,
TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown, TAP::Parser::Result::Version,
TAP::Parser::Result::YAML, TAP::Parser::ResultFactory, TAP::Parser::Scheduler,
TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job, TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner, TAP::Parser::Source,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle,
TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl, TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP,
TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader, TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer, Term::ANSIColor,
Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder,
Test::Builder::IO::Scalar, Test::Builder::Module, Test::Builder::Tester,
Test::Builder::Tester::Color, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Beyond, Test::More,
Test::Simple, Test::Tester, Test::Tester::Capture, Test::Tester::CaptureRunner,
Test::Tutorial, Test::use::ok, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array,
Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Hash::NamedCapture, Tie::Memoize,
Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdHandle, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes,
Time::Local, Time::Piece, Time::Seconds, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312, Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin,
Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke, Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin,
Unicode::Collate::Locale, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, User::grent,
User::pwent, VMS::DCLsym, VMS::Filespec, VMS::Stdio, Win32, Win32API::File,
Win32CORE, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader, autodie::Scope::Guard,
autodie::Scope::GuardStack, autodie::ScopeUtil, version::Internals

Extension Modules
CPAN
Africa
South Africa

Asia
China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia, Singapore,
Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey

Central America
Costa Rica

Europe
Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom

North America
Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, United States, Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida,
Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New
York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin

Oceania
Australia, New Zealand

South America
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia

RSYNC Mirrors
Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
Guidelines for Module Creation
Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
NOTE

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
INTRODUCTION
QUICK CHECKLIST
Before you start
The API
Stability
Documentation
Release considerations
BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
Has it been done before?
Do one thing and do it well
What's in a name?
Get feedback before publishing
DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
To OO or not to OO?
Designing your API
Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output,
Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing

Strictness and warnings
Backwards compatibility
Error handling and messages
DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
POD
README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, perl
Build test, perl Build install

RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
Version numbering
Pre-requisites
Testing
Packaging
Licensing
COMMON PITFALLS
Reinventing the wheel
Trying to do too much
Inappropriate documentation
SEE ALSO
perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Testing tools,
http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering

AUTHOR

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the module (sometimes
unnecessary), INSTALL the module

PORTABILITY
HEY
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
DESCRIPTION
Warning
What should I make into a module?
Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again

Step-by-step: Making the module
Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter
- wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the README

Step-by-step: Distributing your module
Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist", Upload the tarball,
Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlpragma - how to write a user pragma
DESCRIPTION
A basic example
Key naming
Implementation details

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
DESCRIPTION
LIST OF UTILITIES
Documentation
perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html, pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain,
"roffitall"

Converters
Administration
libnetcfg, perlivp

Development
perlbug, perlthanks, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, enc2xs, xsubpp, prove, corelist

General tools
piconv, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum, zipdetails

Installation
cpan, instmodsh

SEE ALSO

perlfilter - Source Filters
DESCRIPTION
CONCEPTS
USING FILTERS
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
Decryption Filters

CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS
THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle

REQUIREMENTS
AUTHOR
Copyrights

perldtrace - Perl's support for DTrace
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
PROBES
sub-entry(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE), sub-return(SUBNAME, FILE, LINE, PACKAGE),
phase-change(NEWPHASE, OLDPHASE), op-entry(OPNAME), loading-file(FILENAME),
loaded-file(FILENAME)

EXAMPLES
Most frequently called functions, Trace function calls, Function calls during
interpreter cleanup, System calls at compile time, Perl functions that execute the
most opcodes

REFERENCES
DTrace Dynamic Tracing Guide, DTrace: Dynamic Tracing in Oracle Solaris, Mac OS X and
FreeBSD

SEE ALSO
Devel::DTrace::Provider

AUTHORS

perlglossary - Perl Glossary
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
A accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias,
alphabetic, alternatives, anonymous, application, architecture, argument, ARGV,
arithmetical operator, array, array context, Artistic License, ASCII, assertion,
assignment, assignment operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous,
atom, atomic operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload,
autosplit, autovivification, AV, awk

B backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword, base class, big-
endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block,
BLOCK, block buffering, Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD,
bucket, buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode

C C, cache, callback, call by reference, call by value, canonical, capture
variables, capturing, cargo cult, case, casefolding, casemapping, character,
character class, character property, circumfix operator, class, class method,
client, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, codepoint, code subpattern,
collating sequence, co-maintainer, combining character, command, command
buffering, command-line arguments, command name, comment, compilation unit,
compile, compile phase, compiler, compile time, composer, concatenation,
conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, continuation, core dump,
CPAN, C preprocessor, cracker, currently selected output channel, current package,
current working directory, CV

D dangling statement, datagram, data structure, data type, DBM, declaration,
declarator, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class,
descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory handle,
discipline, dispatch, distribution, dual-lived, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping

E eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, encapsulation, endian, en
passant, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno, error, escape sequence,
exception, exception handling, exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit
status, exploit, export, expression, extension

F false, FAQ, fatal error, feeping creaturism, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor,
fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, file test operator, filter, first-
come, flag, floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, foldcase, fork, formal arguments,
format, freely available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny
character

G garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language,
granularity, grapheme, greedy, grep, group, GV

H hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file, here document,
hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV

I identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment, indexing, indirect
filehandle, indirection, indirect object, indirect object slot, infix,
inheritance, instance, instance data, instance method, instance variable, integer,
interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, IO, I/O layer,
IPA, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV

J JAPH

K key, keyword

L label, laziness, leftmost longest, left shift, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis,
lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, linebreak, line buffering,
line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list value, literal,
little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop control
statement, loop label, lowercase, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier

M magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, manpage, matching,
member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method, method resolution order,
minicpan, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mojibake, monger, mortal,
mro, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance

N named pipe, namespace, NaN, network address, newline, NFS, normalization, null
character, null list, null string, numeric context, numification, NV, nybble

O object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, operand, operating system,
operator, operator overloading, options, ordinal, overloading, overriding, owner

P package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH, pathname,
pattern, pattern matching, PAUSE, Perl mongers, permission bits, Pern, pipe,
pipeline, platform, pod, pod command, pointer, polymorphism, port, portable,
porter, possessive, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, precedence, prefix, preprocessing,
primary maintainer, procedure, process, program, program generator, progressive
matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction, pseudohash,
pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV

Q qualified, quantifier

R race condition, readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, regex,
regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, relational
operator, reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, role, root, RTFM, run
phase, runtime, runtime pattern, RV, rvalue

S sandbox, scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable,
scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator,
serialization, server, service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell,
side effects, sigil, signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp,
socket, soft reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard
input, standard I/O, Standard Library, standard output, statement, statement
modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, stat structure,
status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context,
stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript,
substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch cluster, switch
statement, symbol, symbolic debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, symbol
table, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall

T taint checks, tainted, taint mode, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread,
tie, titlecase, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, topic,
transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type casting,
typedef, typed lexical, typeglob, typemap

U UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix, uppercase

V value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, virtual, void context,
v-string

W warning, watch expression, weak reference, whitespace, word, working directory,
wrapper, WYSIWYG

X XS, XSUB

Y yacc

Z zero width, zombie

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
DESCRIPTION
PREAMBLE
Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from Perl?, Use C from
C?, Use Perl from C?

ROADMAP
Compiling your C program
Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
Maintaining a persistent interpreter
Execution of END blocks
$0 assignments
Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program
Using embedded Perl with POSIX locales
Hiding Perl_
MORAL
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
DESCRIPTION
Debugger Internals
Writing Your Own Debugger
Frame Listing Output Examples
Debugging Regular Expressions
Compile-time Output
"anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2, "matching
floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE, "noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus",
"implicit", "with eval", "anchored(TYPE)"

Types of Nodes
Run-time Output
Debugging Perl Memory Usage
Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
"buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total sbrk():
SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192", "chain: 0", "tail: 6144"

SEE ALSO

perlxstut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
DESCRIPTION
SPECIAL NOTES
make
Version caveat
Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
Threads and PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT
TUTORIAL
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
What has gone on?
Writing good test scripts
EXAMPLE 3
What's new here?
Input and Output Parameters
The XSUBPP Program
The TYPEMAP file
Warning about Output Arguments
EXAMPLE 4
What has happened here?
Anatomy of .xs file
Getting the fat out of XSUBs
More about XSUB arguments
The Argument Stack
Extending your Extension
Documenting your Extension
Installing your Extension
EXAMPLE 5
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 6
New Things in this Example
EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
Troubleshooting these Examples
See also
Author
Last Changed

perlxs - XS language reference manual
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
On The Road
The Anatomy of an XSUB
The Argument Stack
The RETVAL Variable
Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
The MODULE Keyword
The PACKAGE Keyword
The PREFIX Keyword
The OUTPUT: Keyword
The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
The CODE: Keyword
The INIT: Keyword
The NO_INIT Keyword
The TYPEMAP: Keyword
Initializing Function Parameters
Default Parameter Values
The PREINIT: Keyword
The SCOPE: Keyword
The INPUT: Keyword
The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
The "length(NAME)" Keyword
Variable-length Parameter Lists
The C_ARGS: Keyword
The PPCODE: Keyword
Returning Undef And Empty Lists
The REQUIRE: Keyword
The CLEANUP: Keyword
The POSTCALL: Keyword
The BOOT: Keyword
The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
The ALIAS: Keyword
The OVERLOAD: Keyword
The FALLBACK: Keyword
The INTERFACE: Keyword
The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
The INCLUDE: Keyword
The INCLUDE_COMMAND: Keyword
The CASE: Keyword
The EXPORT_XSUB_SYMBOLS: Keyword
The & Unary Operator
Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
Using XS With C++
Interface Strategy
Perl Objects And C Structures
Safely Storing Static Data in XS
MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT,
aMY_CXT/pMY_CXT, MY_CXT_CLONE, MY_CXT_INIT_INTERP(my_perl),
dMY_CXT_INTERP(my_perl)

Thread-aware system interfaces
EXAMPLES
CAVEATS
Non-locale-aware XS code, Locale-aware XS code

XS VERSION
AUTHOR

perlxstypemap - Perl XS C/Perl type mapping
DESCRIPTION
Anatomy of a typemap
The Role of the typemap File in Your Distribution
Sharing typemaps Between CPAN Distributions
Writing typemap Entries
Full Listing of Core Typemaps
T_SV, T_SVREF, T_SVREF_FIXED, T_AVREF, T_AVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_HVREF,
T_HVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_CVREF, T_CVREF_REFCOUNT_FIXED, T_SYSRET, T_UV, T_IV,
T_INT, T_ENUM, T_BOOL, T_U_INT, T_SHORT, T_U_SHORT, T_LONG, T_U_LONG, T_CHAR,
T_U_CHAR, T_FLOAT, T_NV, T_DOUBLE, T_PV, T_PTR, T_PTRREF, T_PTROBJ, T_REF_IV_REF,
T_REF_IV_PTR, T_PTRDESC, T_REFREF, T_REFOBJ, T_OPAQUEPTR, T_OPAQUE, Implicit
array, T_PACKED, T_PACKEDARRAY, T_DATAUNIT, T_CALLBACK, T_ARRAY, T_STDIO, T_INOUT,
T_IN, T_OUT

perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
DESCRIPTION
Conventions
"t", "p", "n", "s"

File Operations
File Input and Output
File Positioning
Memory Management and String Handling
Character Class Tests
stdlib.h functions
Miscellaneous functions
SEE ALSO

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
DESCRIPTION
Variables
Datatypes
What is an "IV"?
Working with SVs
Offsets
What's Really Stored in an SV?
Working with AVs
Working with HVs
Hash API Extensions
AVs, HVs and undefined values
References
Blessed References and Class Objects
Creating New Variables
GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN

Reference Counts and Mortality
Stashes and Globs
Double-Typed SVs
Read-Only Values
Copy on Write
Magic Variables
Assigning Magic
Magic Virtual Tables
Finding Magic
Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
Localizing changes
"SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)", "SAVELONG(long i)",
SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)",
"SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", SAVEFREEPV(p), "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv,
char *key, I32 length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)",
"SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)", "SAVESTACK_POS()", "SV*
save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)", "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void
save_item(SV *item)", "void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV
**sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV **hptr)"

Subroutines
XSUBs and the Argument Stack
Autoloading with XSUBs
Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
Putting a C value on Perl stack
Scratchpads
Scratchpads and recursion
Memory Allocation
Allocation
Reallocation
Moving
PerlIO
Compiled code
Code tree
Examining the tree
Compile pass 1: check routines
Compile pass 1a: constant folding
Compile pass 2: context propagation
Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
Pluggable runops
Compile-time scope hooks
"void bhk_start(pTHX_ int full)", "void bhk_pre_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void
bhk_post_end(pTHX_ OP **o)", "void bhk_eval(pTHX_ OP *const o)"

Examining internal data structures with the "dump" functions
How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
So what happened to dTHR?
How do I use all this in extensions?
Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
Internal Functions
A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b, others

Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
Exception Handling
Source Documentation
Backwards compatibility
Unicode Support
What is Unicode, anyway?
How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
How do I compare strings?
Is there anything else I need to know?
Custom Operators
xop_name, xop_desc, xop_class, OA_BASEOP, OA_UNOP, OA_BINOP, OA_LOGOP, OA_LISTOP,
OA_PMOP, OA_SVOP, OA_PADOP, OA_PVOP_OR_SVOP, OA_LOOP, OA_COP, xop_peep

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
DESCRIPTION
An Error Handler, An Event-Driven Program

THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

FLAG VALUES
G_VOID
G_SCALAR
G_ARRAY
G_DISCARD
G_NOARGS
G_EVAL
G_KEEPERR
Determining the Context
EXAMPLES
No Parameters, Nothing Returned
Passing Parameters
Returning a Scalar
Returning a List of Values
Returning a List in a Scalar Context
Returning Data from Perl via the Parameter List
Using G_EVAL
Using G_KEEPERR
Using call_sv
Using call_argv
Using call_method
Using GIMME_V
Using Perl to Dispose of Temporaries
Strategies for Storing Callback Context Information
1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks -
hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

Alternate Stack Manipulation
Creating and Calling an Anonymous Subroutine in C
LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
DATE

perlmroapi - Perl method resolution plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
resolve, name, length, kflags, hash

Callbacks
Caching
Examples
AUTHORS

perlreapi - Perl regular expression plugin interface
DESCRIPTION
Callbacks
comp
"/m" - RXf_PMf_MULTILINE, "/s" - RXf_PMf_SINGLELINE, "/i" - RXf_PMf_FOLD, "/x" -
RXf_PMf_EXTENDED, "/p" - RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY, Character set, RXf_SPLIT,
RXf_SKIPWHITE, RXf_START_ONLY, RXf_WHITE, RXf_NULL, RXf_NO_INPLACE_SUBST

exec
rx, sv, strbeg, strend, stringarg, minend, data, flags

intuit
checkstr
free
Numbered capture callbacks
Named capture callbacks
qr_package
dupe
op_comp
The REGEXP structure
"engine"
"mother_re"
"extflags"
"minlen" "minlenret"
"gofs"
"substrs"
"nparens", "lastparen", and "lastcloseparen"
"intflags"
"pprivate"
"swap"
"offs"
"precomp" "prelen"
"paren_names"
"substrs"
"subbeg" "sublen" "saved_copy" "suboffset" "subcoffset"
"wrapped" "wraplen"
"seen_evals"
"refcnt"
HISTORY
AUTHORS
LICENSE

perlreguts - Description of the Perl regular expression engine.
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
A quick note on terms
What is a regular expression engine?
Structure of a Regexp Program
"regnode_1", "regnode_2", "regnode_string", "regnode_charclass",
"regnode_charclass_posixl"

Process Overview
A. Compilation, 1. Parsing for size, 2. Parsing for construction, 3. Peep-hole
optimisation and analysis, B. Execution, 4. Start position and no-match optimisations,
5. Program execution

Compilation
anchored fixed strings, floating fixed strings, minimum and maximum length
requirements, start class, Beginning/End of line positions

Execution
MISCELLANEOUS
Unicode and Localisation Support
Base Structures
"offsets", "regstclass", "data", "program"

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENCE
REFERENCES

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
DESCRIPTION
"Gimme" Values
GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS , G_SCALAR , G_VOID

Array Manipulation Functions
AvFILL , av_clear , av_create_and_push , av_create_and_unshift_one , av_delete ,
av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch , av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push ,
av_shift , av_store , av_tindex , av_top_index , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av ,
newAV , sortsv , sortsv_flags

"xsubpp" variables and internal functions
ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dUNDERBAR , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix ,
RETVAL , ST , THIS , UNDERBAR , XS , XS_EXTERNAL , XS_INTERNAL

Callback Functions
call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv , eval_sv , FREETMPS ,
LEAVE , SAVETMPS

Character case changing
toFOLD , toFOLD_uni , toFOLD_utf8 , toLOWER , toLOWER_L1 , toLOWER_LC , toLOWER_uni ,
toLOWER_utf8 , toTITLE , toTITLE_uni , toTITLE_utf8 , toUPPER , toUPPER_uni ,
toUPPER_utf8

Character classification
isALPHA , isALPHANUMERIC , isASCII , isBLANK , isCNTRL , isDIGIT , isGRAPH , isIDCONT
, isIDFIRST , isLOWER , isOCTAL , isPRINT , isPSXSPC , isPUNCT , isSPACE , isUPPER ,
isWORDCHAR , isXDIGIT

Cloning an interpreter
perl_clone

Compile-time scope hooks
BhkDISABLE , BhkENABLE , BhkENTRY_set , blockhook_register

COP Hint Hashes
cophh_2hv , cophh_copy , cophh_delete_pv , cophh_delete_pvn , cophh_delete_pvs ,
cophh_delete_sv , cophh_fetch_pv , cophh_fetch_pvn , cophh_fetch_pvs , cophh_fetch_sv
, cophh_free , cophh_new_empty , cophh_store_pv , cophh_store_pvn , cophh_store_pvs ,
cophh_store_sv

COP Hint Reading
cop_hints_2hv , cop_hints_fetch_pv , cop_hints_fetch_pvn , cop_hints_fetch_pvs ,
cop_hints_fetch_sv

Custom Operators
custom_op_register , custom_op_xop , XopDISABLE , XopENABLE , XopENTRY ,
XopENTRYCUSTOM , XopENTRY_set , XopFLAGS

CV Manipulation Functions
caller_cx , CvSTASH , find_runcv , get_cv , get_cvn_flags

Debugging Utilities
dump_all , dump_packsubs , op_dump , sv_dump

Display and Dump functions
pv_display , pv_escape , pv_pretty

Embedding Functions
cv_clone , cv_name , cv_undef , find_rundefsv , find_rundefsvoffset , intro_my ,
load_module , newPADNAMELIST , newPADNAMEouter , newPADNAMEpvn , nothreadhook ,
padnamelist_fetch , padnamelist_store , pad_add_anon , pad_add_name_pv ,
pad_add_name_pvn , pad_add_name_sv , pad_alloc , pad_findmy_pv , pad_findmy_pvn ,
pad_findmy_sv , pad_setsv , pad_sv , pad_tidy , perl_alloc , perl_construct ,
perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv

Exception Handling (simple) Macros
dXCPT , XCPT_CATCH , XCPT_RETHROW , XCPT_TRY_END , XCPT_TRY_START

Global Variables
PL_check , PL_keyword_plugin

GV Functions
GvAV , GvCV , GvHV , GvSV , gv_const_sv , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod_autoload ,
gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_pv , gv_fetchmeth_pvn , gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
, gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload , gv_fetchmeth_sv , gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload , gv_init ,
gv_init_pv , gv_init_pvn , gv_init_sv , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashpvs ,
gv_stashsv , setdefout

Handy Values
Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv

Hash Manipulation Functions
cop_fetch_label , cop_store_label , get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN ,
HePV , HeSVKEY , HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeUTF8 , HeVAL , HvENAME , HvENAMELEN ,
HvENAMEUTF8 , HvNAME , HvNAMELEN , HvNAMEUTF8 , hv_assert , hv_clear ,
hv_clear_placeholders , hv_copy_hints_hv , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists ,
hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetchs , hv_fetch_ent , hv_fill , hv_iterinit ,
hv_iterkey , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags ,
hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_stores , hv_store_ent , hv_undef ,
newHV

Hook manipulation
wrap_op_checker

Lexer interface
lex_bufutf8 , lex_discard_to , lex_grow_linestr , lex_next_chunk , lex_peek_unichar ,
lex_read_space , lex_read_to , lex_read_unichar , lex_start , lex_stuff_pv ,
lex_stuff_pvn , lex_stuff_pvs , lex_stuff_sv , lex_unstuff , parse_arithexpr ,
parse_barestmt , parse_block , parse_fullexpr , parse_fullstmt , parse_label ,
parse_listexpr , parse_stmtseq , parse_termexpr , PL_parser , PL_parser->bufend ,
PL_parser->bufptr , PL_parser->linestart , PL_parser->linestr

Locale-related functions and macros
DECLARATION_FOR_LC_NUMERIC_MANIPULATION , RESTORE_LC_NUMERIC ,
STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING , STORE_LC_NUMERIC_SET_TO_NEEDED , sync_locale

Magical Functions
mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_findext , mg_free , mg_free_type , mg_get ,
mg_length , mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMagicSV ,
SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE , SvUNLOCK

Memory Management
Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , PoisonFree , PoisonNew ,
PoisonWith , Renew , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savepvs , savesharedpv ,
savesharedpvn , savesharedpvs , savesharedsvpv , savesvpv , StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD

Miscellaneous Functions
dump_c_backtrace , fbm_compile , fbm_instr , foldEQ , foldEQ_locale , form , getcwd_sv
, get_c_backtrace_dump , ibcmp , ibcmp_locale , is_safe_syscall , memEQ , memNE , mess
, mess_sv , my_snprintf , my_sprintf , my_strlcat , my_strlcpy , my_vsnprintf ,
PERL_SYS_INIT , PERL_SYS_INIT3 , PERL_SYS_TERM , quadmath_format_needed ,
quadmath_format_single , READ_XDIGIT , strEQ , strGE , strGT , strLE , strLT , strNE ,
strnEQ , strnNE , sv_destroyable , sv_nosharing , vmess

MRO Functions
mro_get_linear_isa , mro_method_changed_in , mro_register

Multicall Functions
dMULTICALL , MULTICALL , POP_MULTICALL , PUSH_MULTICALL

Numeric functions
grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_infnan , grok_number , grok_number_flags ,
grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct , isinfnan , Perl_signbit , scan_bin , scan_hex ,
scan_oct

Obsolete backwards compatibility functions
custom_op_desc , custom_op_name , gv_fetchmethod , is_utf8_char , is_utf8_char_buf ,
pack_cat , pad_compname_type , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_nolen ,
sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catsv_mg , sv_force_normal , sv_iv , sv_nolocking , sv_nounlocking ,
sv_nv , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten , sv_pvn , sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_taint ,
sv_unref , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_uv , unpack_str , utf8_to_uvchr ,
utf8_to_uvuni

Optree construction
newASSIGNOP , newBINOP , newCONDOP , newDEFSVOP , newFOROP , newGIVENOP , newGVOP ,
newLISTOP , newLOGOP , newLOOPEX , newLOOPOP , newMETHOP , newMETHOP_named ,
newNULLLIST , newOP , newPADOP , newPMOP , newPVOP , newRANGE , newSLICEOP ,
newSTATEOP , newSVOP , newUNOP , newUNOP_AUX , newWHENOP , newWHILEOP

Optree Manipulation Functions
alloccopstash , block_end , block_start , ck_entersub_args_list ,
ck_entersub_args_proto , ck_entersub_args_proto_or_list , cv_const_sv ,
cv_get_call_checker , cv_set_call_checker , cv_set_call_checker_flags , LINKLIST ,
newCONSTSUB , newCONSTSUB_flags , newXS , OpHAS_SIBLING , OpLASTSIB_set ,
OpMAYBESIB_set , OpMORESIB_set , OpSIBLING , op_append_elem , op_append_list ,
OP_CLASS , op_contextualize , op_convert_list , OP_DESC , op_free , op_linklist ,
op_lvalue , OP_NAME , op_null , op_parent , op_prepend_elem , op_scope ,
op_sibling_splice , OP_TYPE_IS , OP_TYPE_IS_OR_WAS , rv2cv_op_cv

Pack and Unpack
packlist , unpackstring

Pad Data Structures
CvPADLIST , PadARRAY , PadlistARRAY , PadlistMAX , PadlistNAMES , PadlistNAMESARRAY ,
PadlistNAMESMAX , PadlistREFCNT , PadMAX , PadnameLEN , PadnamelistARRAY ,
PadnamelistMAX , PadnamelistREFCNT , PadnamelistREFCNT_dec , PadnamePV , PadnameREFCNT
, PadnameREFCNT_dec , PadnameSV , PadnameUTF8 , pad_add_name_pvs , pad_findmy_pvs ,
pad_new , PL_comppad , PL_comppad_name , PL_curpad

Per-Interpreter Variables
PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_opfreehook , PL_peepp , PL_rpeepp , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef ,
PL_sv_yes

REGEXP Functions
SvRX , SvRXOK

Stack Manipulation Macros
dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp , mPUSHs , mPUSHu ,
mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHs , mXPUSHu , ORIGMARK , POPi , POPl , POPn , POPp
, POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi , PUSHMARK , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs ,
PUSHu , PUTBACK , SP , SPAGAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs ,
XPUSHu , XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV , XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV ,
XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF , XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES , XST_mIV , XST_mNO ,
XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES

SV Flags
svtype , SVt_INVLIST , SVt_IV , SVt_NULL , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV ,
SVt_PVFM , SVt_PVGV , SVt_PVHV , SVt_PVIO , SVt_PVIV , SVt_PVLV , SVt_PVMG , SVt_PVNV
, SVt_REGEXP

SV Manipulation Functions
boolSV , croak_xs_usage , get_sv , newRV_inc , newSVpadname , newSVpvn_utf8 , SvCUR ,
SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGAMAGIC , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV , SvIOK_off ,
SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV , SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash ,
SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_nomg , SvIV_set , SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK
, SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off , SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV ,
SvNVX , SvNVx , SvNV_nomg , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvOOK_offset , SvPOK , SvPOKp ,
SvPOK_off , SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVbytex ,
SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8 , SvPVutf8x ,
SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen , SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force ,
SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen , SvPV_nomg , SvPV_nomg_nolen , SvPV_set , SvREFCNT ,
SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_dec_NN , SvREFCNT_inc , SvREFCNT_inc_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple
, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void , SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN ,
SvREFCNT_inc_void , SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN , SvROK , SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV ,
SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set , SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on
, SvTRUE , SvTRUE_nomg , SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on
, SvUV , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_nomg , SvUV_set , SvVOK , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_nomg
, sv_catsv_nomg , sv_derived_from , sv_derived_from_pv , sv_derived_from_pvn ,
sv_derived_from_sv , sv_does , sv_does_pv , sv_does_pvn , sv_does_sv , sv_report_used
, sv_setsv_nomg , sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg

SV-Body Allocation
looks_like_number , newRV_noinc , newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv ,
newSVpvf , newSVpvn , newSVpvn_flags , newSVpvn_share , newSVpvs , newSVpvs_flags ,
newSVpvs_share , newSVpv_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , newSV_type , sv_2bool ,
sv_2bool_flags , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv_flags , sv_2mortal , sv_2nv_flags ,
sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvutf8 , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2uv_flags , sv_backoff , sv_bless ,
sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn , sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvs ,
sv_catpvs_flags , sv_catpvs_mg , sv_catpvs_nomg , sv_catpv_flags , sv_catpv_mg ,
sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_chop , sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_flags , sv_cmp_locale
, sv_cmp_locale_flags , sv_collxfrm , sv_collxfrm_flags , sv_copypv_flags ,
sv_copypv_nomg , sv_dec , sv_dec_nomg , sv_eq , sv_eq_flags , sv_force_normal_flags ,
sv_free , sv_gets , sv_get_backrefs , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_inc_nomg , sv_insert ,
sv_insert_flags , sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic , sv_magicext
, sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_b2u_flags ,
sv_pos_u2b , sv_pos_u2b_flags , sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags ,
sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv ,
sv_setiv_mg , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg ,
sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpvs , sv_setpvs_mg ,
sv_setpv_mg , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn ,
sv_setref_pvs , sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg , sv_setuv ,
sv_setuv_mg , sv_tainted , sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unmagicext , sv_unref_flags ,
sv_untaint , sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn_flags , sv_utf8_decode , sv_utf8_downgrade ,
sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow
, sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcatpvfn_flags , sv_vcatpvf_mg
, sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg

Unicode Support
bytes_cmp_utf8 , bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , DO_UTF8 , foldEQ_utf8 , isUTF8_CHAR
, is_ascii_string , is_invariant_string , is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc ,
is_utf8_string_loclen , pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 ,
sv_uni_display , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title ,
to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , UTF8SKIP , utf8_distance , utf8_hop
, utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr_buf , utf8_to_uvuni_buf , UVCHR_SKIP ,
uvchr_to_utf8 , uvchr_to_utf8_flags , uvoffuni_to_utf8_flags , uvuni_to_utf8_flags

Variables created by "xsubpp" and "xsubpp" internal functions
newXSproto , XS_APIVERSION_BOOTCHECK , XS_VERSION , XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK

Versioning
new_version , prescan_version , scan_version , upg_version , vcmp , vnormal , vnumify
, vstringify , vverify

Warning and Dieing
croak , croak_no_modify , croak_sv , die , die_sv , vcroak , vwarn , warn , warn_sv

Undocumented functions
GetVars , Gv_AMupdate , PerlIO_clearerr , PerlIO_close , PerlIO_context_layers ,
PerlIO_eof , PerlIO_error , PerlIO_fileno , PerlIO_fill , PerlIO_flush ,
PerlIO_get_base , PerlIO_get_bufsiz , PerlIO_get_cnt , PerlIO_get_ptr , PerlIO_read ,
PerlIO_seek , PerlIO_set_cnt , PerlIO_set_ptrcnt , PerlIO_setlinebuf , PerlIO_stderr ,
PerlIO_stdin , PerlIO_stdout , PerlIO_tell , PerlIO_unread , PerlIO_write ,
amagic_call , amagic_deref_call , any_dup , atfork_lock , atfork_unlock , av_arylen_p
, av_iter_p , block_gimme , call_atexit , call_list , calloc , cast_i32 , cast_iv ,
cast_ulong , cast_uv , ck_warner , ck_warner_d , ckwarn , ckwarn_d , clone_params_del
, clone_params_new , croak_memory_wrap , croak_nocontext , csighandler , cx_dump ,
cx_dup , cxinc , deb , deb_nocontext , debop , debprofdump , debstack , debstackptrs ,
delimcpy , despatch_signals , die_nocontext , dirp_dup , do_aspawn , do_binmode ,
do_close , do_gv_dump , do_gvgv_dump , do_hv_dump , do_join , do_magic_dump ,
do_op_dump , do_open , do_open9 , do_openn , do_pmop_dump , do_spawn , do_spawn_nowait
, do_sprintf , do_sv_dump , doing_taint , doref , dounwind , dowantarray , dump_eval ,
dump_form , dump_indent , dump_mstats , dump_sub , dump_vindent , filter_add ,
filter_del , filter_read , foldEQ_latin1 , form_nocontext , fp_dup , fprintf_nocontext
, free_global_struct , free_tmps , get_context , get_mstats , get_op_descs ,
get_op_names , get_ppaddr , get_vtbl , gp_dup , gp_free , gp_ref , gv_AVadd , gv_HVadd
, gv_IOadd , gv_SVadd , gv_add_by_type , gv_autoload4 , gv_autoload_pv ,
gv_autoload_pvn , gv_autoload_sv , gv_check , gv_dump , gv_efullname , gv_efullname3 ,
gv_efullname4 , gv_fetchfile , gv_fetchfile_flags , gv_fetchpv , gv_fetchpvn_flags ,
gv_fetchsv , gv_fullname , gv_fullname3 , gv_fullname4 , gv_handler , gv_name_set ,
he_dup , hek_dup , hv_common , hv_common_key_len , hv_delayfree_ent , hv_eiter_p ,
hv_eiter_set , hv_free_ent , hv_ksplit , hv_name_set , hv_placeholders_get ,
hv_placeholders_set , hv_rand_set , hv_riter_p , hv_riter_set , ibcmp_utf8 ,
init_global_struct , init_stacks , init_tm , instr , is_lvalue_sub , leave_scope ,
load_module_nocontext , magic_dump , malloc , markstack_grow , mess_nocontext , mfree
, mg_dup , mg_size , mini_mktime , moreswitches , mro_get_from_name ,
mro_get_private_data , mro_set_mro , mro_set_private_data , my_atof , my_atof2 ,
my_bcopy , my_bzero , my_chsize , my_cxt_index , my_cxt_init , my_dirfd , my_exit ,
my_failure_exit , my_fflush_all , my_fork , my_lstat , my_memcmp , my_memset ,
my_pclose , my_popen , my_popen_list , my_setenv , my_socketpair , my_stat ,
my_strftime , newANONATTRSUB , newANONHASH , newANONLIST , newANONSUB , newATTRSUB ,
newAVREF , newCVREF , newFORM , newGVREF , newGVgen , newGVgen_flags , newHVREF ,
newHVhv , newIO , newMYSUB , newPROG , newRV , newSUB , newSVREF , newSVpvf_nocontext
, new_stackinfo , ninstr , op_refcnt_lock , op_refcnt_unlock , parser_dup ,
perl_alloc_using , perl_clone_using , pmop_dump , pop_scope , pregcomp , pregexec ,
pregfree , pregfree2 , printf_nocontext , ptr_table_fetch , ptr_table_free ,
ptr_table_new , ptr_table_split , ptr_table_store , push_scope , re_compile ,
re_dup_guts , re_intuit_start , re_intuit_string , realloc , reentrant_free ,
reentrant_init , reentrant_retry , reentrant_size , ref , reg_named_buff_all ,
reg_named_buff_exists , reg_named_buff_fetch , reg_named_buff_firstkey ,
reg_named_buff_nextkey , reg_named_buff_scalar , regclass_swash , regdump ,
regdupe_internal , regexec_flags , regfree_internal , reginitcolors , regnext ,
repeatcpy , rninstr , rsignal , rsignal_state , runops_debug , runops_standard ,
rvpv_dup , safesyscalloc , safesysfree , safesysmalloc , safesysrealloc , save_I16 ,
save_I32 , save_I8 , save_adelete , save_aelem , save_aelem_flags , save_alloc ,
save_aptr , save_ary , save_bool , save_clearsv , save_delete , save_destructor ,
save_destructor_x , save_freeop , save_freepv , save_freesv , save_generic_pvref ,
save_generic_svref , save_gp , save_hash , save_hdelete , save_helem ,
save_helem_flags , save_hints , save_hptr , save_int , save_item , save_iv , save_list
, save_long , save_mortalizesv , save_nogv , save_op , save_padsv_and_mortalize ,
save_pptr , save_pushi32ptr , save_pushptr , save_pushptrptr , save_re_context ,
save_scalar , save_set_svflags , save_shared_pvref , save_sptr , save_svref ,
save_vptr , savestack_grow , savestack_grow_cnt , scan_num , scan_vstring , seed ,
set_context , set_numeric_local , set_numeric_radix , set_numeric_standard , share_hek
, si_dup , ss_dup , stack_grow , start_subparse , str_to_version , sv_2iv , sv_2pv ,
sv_2uv , sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_catpvf_nocontext , sv_dup , sv_dup_inc , sv_peek
, sv_pvn_nomg , sv_setpvf_mg_nocontext , sv_setpvf_nocontext , swash_fetch ,
swash_init , sys_init , sys_init3 , sys_intern_clear , sys_intern_dup ,
sys_intern_init , sys_term , taint_env , taint_proper , unlnk , unsharepvn ,
utf16_to_utf8 , utf16_to_utf8_reversed , uvuni_to_utf8 , vdeb , vform , vload_module ,
vnewSVpvf , vwarner , warn_nocontext , warner , warner_nocontext , whichsig ,
whichsig_pv , whichsig_pvn , whichsig_sv

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions
DESCRIPTION
Compile-time scope hooks
BhkENTRY , BhkFLAGS , CALL_BLOCK_HOOKS

Custom Operators
core_prototype

CV Manipulation Functions
docatch

CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
CvWEAKOUTSIDE

Embedding Functions
cv_dump , cv_forget_slab , do_dump_pad , padlist_dup , padnamelist_dup , padname_dup ,
pad_alloc_name , pad_block_start , pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_fixup_inner_anons
, pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_swipe

GV Functions
gv_try_downgrade

Hash Manipulation Functions
hv_ename_add , hv_ename_delete , refcounted_he_chain_2hv , refcounted_he_fetch_pv ,
refcounted_he_fetch_pvn , refcounted_he_fetch_pvs , refcounted_he_fetch_sv ,
refcounted_he_free , refcounted_he_inc , refcounted_he_new_pv , refcounted_he_new_pvn
, refcounted_he_new_pvs , refcounted_he_new_sv

IO Functions
start_glob

Lexer interface
validate_proto

Magical Functions
magic_clearhint , magic_clearhints , magic_methcall , magic_sethint , mg_localize

Miscellaneous Functions
free_c_backtrace , get_c_backtrace

MRO Functions
mro_get_linear_isa_dfs , mro_isa_changed_in , mro_package_moved

Optree Manipulation Functions
finalize_optree

Pad Data Structures
CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PadnameIsOUR , PadnameIsSTATE , PadnameOURSTASH ,
PadnameOUTER , PadnameTYPE , PAD_BASE_SV , PAD_CLONE_VARS , PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS ,
PAD_COMPNAME_GEN , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set , PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV ,
PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD ,
PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE , PAD_SV , PAD_SVl , SAVECLEARSV ,
SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV

Per-Interpreter Variables
PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv , PL_ofsgv , PL_rs

Stack Manipulation Macros
djSP , LVRET

SV Manipulation Functions
SvTHINKFIRST , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs , sv_free_arenas

SV-Body Allocation
sv_2num , sv_copypv , sv_ref

Unicode Support
find_uninit_var , report_uninit

Undocumented functions
PerlIO_restore_errno , PerlIO_save_errno , Slab_Alloc , Slab_Free , Slab_to_ro ,
Slab_to_rw , _add_range_to_invlist , _core_swash_init , _get_encoding ,
_get_swash_invlist , _invlist_array_init , _invlist_contains_cp , _invlist_contents ,
_invlist_dump , _invlist_intersection , _invlist_intersection_maybe_complement_2nd ,
_invlist_invert , _invlist_len , _invlist_populate_swatch , _invlist_search ,
_invlist_subtract , _invlist_union , _invlist_union_maybe_complement_2nd ,
_load_PL_utf8_foldclosures , _new_invlist , _setup_canned_invlist ,
_swash_inversion_hash , _swash_to_invlist , _to_fold_latin1 , _to_upper_title_latin1 ,
_warn_problematic_locale , aassign_common_vars , add_cp_to_invlist ,
alloc_maybe_populate_EXACT , allocmy , amagic_is_enabled , apply , av_extend_guts ,
av_reify , bind_match , boot_core_PerlIO , boot_core_UNIVERSAL , boot_core_mro , cando
, check_utf8_print , ck_anoncode , ck_backtick , ck_bitop , ck_cmp , ck_concat ,
ck_defined , ck_delete , ck_each , ck_entersub_args_core , ck_eof , ck_eval , ck_exec
, ck_exists , ck_ftst , ck_fun , ck_glob , ck_grep , ck_index , ck_join , ck_length ,
ck_lfun , ck_listiob , ck_match , ck_method , ck_null , ck_open , ck_prototype ,
ck_readline , ck_refassign , ck_repeat , ck_require , ck_return , ck_rfun , ck_rvconst
, ck_sassign , ck_select , ck_shift , ck_smartmatch , ck_sort , ck_spair , ck_split ,
ck_stringify , ck_subr , ck_substr , ck_svconst , ck_tell , ck_trunc , closest_cop ,
compute_EXACTish , coresub_op , create_eval_scope , croak_no_mem , croak_popstack ,
current_re_engine , custom_op_get_field , cv_ckproto_len_flags , cv_clone_into ,
cv_const_sv_or_av , cv_undef_flags , cvgv_from_hek , cvgv_set , cvstash_set ,
deb_stack_all , defelem_target , delete_eval_scope , die_unwind , do_aexec , do_aexec5
, do_eof , do_exec , do_exec3 , do_execfree , do_ipcctl , do_ipcget , do_msgrcv ,
do_msgsnd , do_ncmp , do_open6 , do_open_raw , do_print , do_readline , do_seek ,
do_semop , do_shmio , do_sysseek , do_tell , do_trans , do_vecget , do_vecset , do_vop
, dofile , drand48_init_r , drand48_r , dump_all_perl , dump_packsubs_perl ,
dump_sub_perl , dump_sv_child , emulate_cop_io , feature_is_enabled , find_lexical_cv
, find_runcv_where , find_rundefsv2 , find_script , free_tied_hv_pool ,
get_and_check_backslash_N_name , get_db_sub , get_debug_opts , get_hash_seed ,
get_invlist_iter_addr , get_invlist_offset_addr , get_invlist_previous_index_addr ,
get_no_modify , get_opargs , get_re_arg , getenv_len , grok_atoUV , grok_bslash_x ,
gv_fetchmeth_internal , gv_override , gv_setref , gv_stashpvn_internal ,
gv_stashsvpvn_cached , hfree_next_entry , hv_backreferences_p , hv_kill_backrefs ,
hv_placeholders_p , hv_undef_flags , init_argv_symbols , init_constants , init_dbargs
, init_debugger , invert , invlist_array , invlist_clone , invlist_highest ,
invlist_is_iterating , invlist_iterfinish , invlist_iterinit , invlist_max ,
invlist_previous_index , invlist_set_len , invlist_set_previous_index , invlist_trim ,
io_close , is_utf8_common , isinfnansv , jmaybe , keyword , keyword_plugin_standard ,
list , localize , magic_clear_all_env , magic_cleararylen_p , magic_clearenv ,
magic_clearisa , magic_clearpack , magic_clearsig , magic_copycallchecker ,
magic_existspack , magic_freearylen_p , magic_freeovrld , magic_get , magic_getarylen
, magic_getdebugvar , magic_getdefelem , magic_getnkeys , magic_getpack , magic_getpos
, magic_getsig , magic_getsubstr , magic_gettaint , magic_getuvar , magic_getvec ,
magic_killbackrefs , magic_nextpack , magic_regdata_cnt , magic_regdatum_get ,
magic_regdatum_set , magic_scalarpack , magic_set , magic_set_all_env ,
magic_setarylen , magic_setcollxfrm , magic_setdbline , magic_setdebugvar ,
magic_setdefelem , magic_setenv , magic_setisa , magic_setlvref , magic_setmglob ,
magic_setnkeys , magic_setpack , magic_setpos , magic_setregexp , magic_setsig ,
magic_setsubstr , magic_settaint , magic_setutf8 , magic_setuvar , magic_setvec ,
magic_sizepack , magic_wipepack , malloc_good_size , malloced_size , mem_collxfrm ,
mg_find_mglob , mode_from_discipline , more_bodies , mro_meta_dup , mro_meta_init ,
multideref_stringify , my_attrs , my_clearenv , my_lstat_flags , my_stat_flags ,
my_unexec , newATTRSUB_x , newGP , newMETHOP_internal , newSTUB , newSVavdefelem ,
newXS_deffile , newXS_len_flags , new_warnings_bitfield , nextargv , noperl_die ,
oopsAV , oopsHV , op_clear , op_integerize , op_lvalue_flags , op_refcnt_dec ,
op_refcnt_inc , op_relocate_sv , op_std_init , op_unscope , opmethod_stash ,
opslab_force_free , opslab_free , opslab_free_nopad , package , package_version ,
pad_add_weakref , padlist_store , padname_free , padnamelist_free , parse_subsignature
, parse_unicode_opts , parser_free , parser_free_nexttoke_ops , path_is_searchable ,
peep , pmruntime , populate_isa , ptr_hash , qerror , re_op_compile , reg_named_buff ,
reg_named_buff_iter , reg_numbered_buff_fetch , reg_numbered_buff_length ,
reg_numbered_buff_store , reg_qr_package , reg_skipcomment , reg_temp_copy , regcurly
, regpposixcc , regprop , report_evil_fh , report_redefined_cv , report_wrongway_fh ,
rpeep , rsignal_restore , rsignal_save , rxres_save , same_dirent , save_aliased_sv ,
save_strlen , sawparens , scalar , scalarvoid , set_caret_X , set_padlist ,
should_warn_nl , sighandler , softref2xv , ssc_add_range , ssc_clear_locale ,
ssc_cp_and , ssc_intersection , ssc_union , sub_crush_depth , sv_add_backref ,
sv_buf_to_ro , sv_del_backref , sv_free2 , sv_kill_backrefs , sv_len_utf8_nomg ,
sv_magicext_mglob , sv_mortalcopy_flags , sv_only_taint_gmagic , sv_or_pv_pos_u2b ,
sv_resetpvn , sv_sethek , sv_setsv_cow , sv_unglob , tied_method , tmps_grow_p ,
translate_substr_offsets , try_amagic_bin , try_amagic_un , unshare_hek , utilize ,
varname , vivify_defelem , vivify_ref , wait4pid , was_lvalue_sub , watch ,
win32_croak_not_implemented , write_to_stderr , xs_boot_epilog , xs_handshake ,
yyerror , yyerror_pv , yyerror_pvn , yylex , yyparse , yyunlex

AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
History and Background
Basic Structure
Layers vs Disciplines
Data Structures
Functions and Attributes
Per-instance Data
Layers in action.
Per-instance flag bits
PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF,
PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN,
PERLIO_F_FASTGETS

Methods in Detail
fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg,
Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr,
Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

Utilities
Implementing PerlIO Layers
C implementations, Perl implementations

Core Layers
"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"

Extension Layers
":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"

TODO

perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), PerlIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(),
PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f),
PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...),
PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count), PerlIO_close(f),
PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), PerlIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f),
PerlIO_error(f), PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f),
PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p),
PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)

Co-existence with stdio
PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f),
PerlIO_findFILE(f)

"Fast gets" Functions
PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f), PerlIO_get_ptr(f),
PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), PerlIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c),
PerlIO_has_base(f), PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

Other Functions
PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<'
read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

perlhack - How to hack on Perl
DESCRIPTION
SUPER QUICK PATCH GUIDE
Check out the source repository, Ensure you're following the latest advice, Make your
change, Test your change, Commit your change, Send your change to perlbug, Thank you,
Next time

BUG REPORTING
PERL 5 PORTERS
perl-changes mailing list
#p5p on IRC
GETTING THE PERL SOURCE
Read access via Git
Read access via the web
Read access via rsync
Write access via git
PATCHING PERL
Submitting patches
Getting your patch accepted
Why, What, How

Patching a core module
Updating perldelta
What makes for a good patch?
TESTING
t/base, t/comp and t/opbasic, t/cmd, t/run, t/io and t/op, Everything else, 1), 2)

Special "make test" targets
test_porting, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind, test_harness, test-notty
test_notty

Parallel tests
Running tests by hand
Using t/harness for testing
-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST, PERL_TEST_Net_Ping,
PERL_TEST_NOVREXX, PERL_TEST_NUMCONVERTS, PERL_TEST_MEMORY

Performance testing
MORE READING FOR GUTS HACKERS
perlsource, perlinterp, perlhacktut, perlhacktips, perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs,
perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod

CPAN TESTERS AND PERL SMOKERS
WHAT NEXT?
"The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began."
Metaphoric Quotations
AUTHOR

perlsource - A guide to the Perl source tree
DESCRIPTION
FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND
C code
Core modules
lib/, ext/, dist/, cpan/

Tests
Module tests, t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/mro/, t/op/, t/opbasic/, t/re/,
t/run/, t/uni/, t/win32/, t/porting/, t/lib/

Documentation
Hacking tools and documentation
check*, Maintainers, Maintainers.pl, and Maintainers.pm, podtidy

Build system
AUTHORS
MANIFEST

perlinterp - An overview of the Perl interpreter
DESCRIPTION
ELEMENTS OF THE INTERPRETER
Startup
Parsing
Optimization
Running
Exception handing
INTERNAL VARIABLE TYPES
OP TREES
STACKS
Argument stack
Mark stack
Save stack
MILLIONS OF MACROS
FURTHER READING

perlhacktut - Walk through the creation of a simple C code patch
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE PATCH
Writing the patch
Testing the patch
Documenting the patch
Submit
AUTHOR

perlhacktips - Tips for Perl core C code hacking
DESCRIPTION
COMMON PROBLEMS
Perl environment problems
Portability problems
Problematic System Interfaces
Security problems
DEBUGGING
Poking at Perl
Using a source-level debugger
run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish,
'enter', ptype, print

gdb macro support
Dumping Perl Data Structures
Using gdb to look at specific parts of a program
Using gdb to look at what the parser/lexer are doing
SOURCE CODE STATIC ANALYSIS
lint, splint
Coverity
cpd (cut-and-paste detector)
gcc warnings
Warnings of other C compilers
MEMORY DEBUGGERS
valgrind
AddressSanitizer
-Dcc=clang, -Accflags=-faddress-sanitizer, -Aldflags=-faddress-sanitizer,
-Alddlflags=-shared\ -faddress-sanitizer

PROFILING
Gprof Profiling
-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

GCC gcov Profiling
MISCELLANEOUS TRICKS
PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
PERL_MEM_LOG
DDD over gdb
C backtrace
Linux, OS X, get_c_backtrace, free_c_backtrace, get_c_backtrace_dump,
dump_c_backtrace

Poison
Read-only optrees
When is a bool not a bool?
The .i Targets
AUTHOR

perlpolicy - Various and sundry policies and commitments related to the Perl core
DESCRIPTION
GOVERNANCE
Perl 5 Porters
MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT
BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY AND DEPRECATION
Terminology
experimental, deprecated, discouraged, removed

MAINTENANCE BRANCHES
Getting changes into a maint branch
CONTRIBUTED MODULES
A Social Contract about Artistic Control
DOCUMENTATION
STANDARDS OF CONDUCT
CREDITS

perlgit - Detailed information about git and the Perl repository
DESCRIPTION
CLONING THE REPOSITORY
WORKING WITH THE REPOSITORY
Finding out your status
Patch workflow
Committing your changes
Sending patch emails
A note on derived files
Cleaning a working directory
Bisecting
Topic branches and rewriting history
Grafts
WRITE ACCESS TO THE GIT REPOSITORY
Accepting a patch
Committing to blead
On merging and rebasing
Committing to maintenance versions
Merging from a branch via GitHub
Using a smoke-me branch to test changes
A note on camel and dromedary

perlbook - Books about and related to Perl
DESCRIPTION
The most popular books
Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):, The Perl Cookbook (the "Ram Book"):,
Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca Book")

References
Perl 5 Pocket Reference, Perl Debugger Pocket Reference, Regular Expression Pocket
Reference

Tutorials
Beginning Perl, Learning Perl (the "Llama Book"), Intermediate Perl (the "Alpaca
Book"), Mastering Perl, Effective Perl Programming

Task-Oriented
Writing Perl Modules for CPAN, The Perl Cookbook, Automating System Administration
with Perl, Real World SQL Server Administration with Perl

Special Topics
Regular Expressions Cookbook, Programming the Perl DBI, Perl Best Practices,
Higher-Order Perl, Mastering Regular Expressions, Network Programming with Perl,
Perl Template Toolkit, Object Oriented Perl, Data Munging with Perl, Mastering
Perl/Tk, Extending and Embedding Perl, Pro Perl Debugging

Free (as in beer) books
Other interesting, non-Perl books
Programming Pearls, More Programming Pearls

A note on freshness
Get your book listed

perlcommunity - a brief overview of the Perl community
DESCRIPTION
Where to Find the Community
Mailing Lists and Newsgroups
IRC
Websites
<http://perl.com/>, <http://blogs.perl.org/>, <http://perlsphere.net/>,
<http://perlweekly.com/>, <http://use.perl.org/>, <http://www.perlmonks.org/>,
<http://stackoverflow.com/>, <http://prepan.org/>

User Groups
Workshops
Hackathons
Conventions
Calendar of Perl Events
AUTHOR

perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-h, -D, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-regexp, -a
perlapifunc, -v perlvar, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M module-
name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, -L language_code,
PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V

SECURITY
ENVIRONMENT
CHANGES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

perlhist - the Perl history records
DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
PUMPKIN?
THE RECORDS
SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
SELECTED PATCH SIZES
THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Bounds Checking Constructs
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5221delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Bounds Checking Constructs
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5221delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.22.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Bounds Checking Constructs
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
IRIX

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5220delta - what is new for perl v5.22.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New bitwise operators
New double-diamond operator
New "\b" boundaries in regular expressions
Non-Capturing Regular Expression Flag
"use re 'strict'"
Unicode 7.0 (with correction) is now supported
"use locale" can restrict which locale categories are affected
Perl now supports POSIX 2008 locale currency additions
Better heuristics on older platforms for determining locale UTF-8ness
Aliasing via reference
"prototype" with no arguments
New ":const" subroutine attribute
"fileno" now works on directory handles
List form of pipe open implemented for Win32
Assignment to list repetition
Infinity and NaN (not-a-number) handling improved
Floating point parsing has been improved
Packing infinity or not-a-number into a character is now fatal
Experimental C Backtrace API
Security
Perl is now compiled with "-fstack-protector-strong" if available
The Safe module could allow outside packages to be replaced
Perl is now always compiled with "-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2" if available
Incompatible Changes
Subroutine signatures moved before attributes
"&" and "\&" prototypes accepts only subs
"use encoding" is now lexical
List slices returning empty lists
"\N{}" with a sequence of multiple spaces is now a fatal error
"use UNIVERSAL '...'" is now a fatal error
In double-quotish "\cX", X must now be a printable ASCII character
Splitting the tokens "(?" and "(*" in regular expressions is now a fatal compilation
error.
"qr/foo/x" now ignores all Unicode pattern white space
Comment lines within "(?[ ])" are now ended only by a "\n"
"(?[...])" operators now follow standard Perl precedence
Omitting "%" and "@" on hash and array names is no longer permitted
"$!" text is now in English outside the scope of "use locale"
"$!" text will be returned in UTF-8 when appropriate
Support for "?PATTERN?" without explicit operator has been removed
"defined(@array)" and "defined(%hash)" are now fatal errors
Using a hash or an array as a reference are now fatal errors
Changes to the "*" prototype
Deprecations
Setting "${^ENCODING}" to anything but "undef"
Use of non-graphic characters in single-character variable names
Inlining of "sub () { $var }" with observable side-effects
Use of multiple "/x" regexp modifiers
Using a NO-BREAK space in a character alias for "\N{...}" is now deprecated
A literal "{" should now be escaped in a pattern
Making all warnings fatal is discouraged
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Diagnostic Removals
Utility Changes
find2perl, s2p and a2p removal
h2ph
encguess
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
IRIX and Tru64 platforms are working again, z/OS running EBCDIC Code Page 1047

Discontinued Platforms
NeXTSTEP/OPENSTEP

Platform-Specific Notes
EBCDIC, HP-UX, Android, VMS, Win32, OpenBSD, Solaris

Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5203delta - what is new for perl v5.20.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Utility Changes
h2ph
Testing
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5202delta - what is new for perl v5.20.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Testing
Platform Support
Regained Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Errata From Previous Releases
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5201delta - what is new for perl v5.20.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Android, OpenBSD, Solaris, VMS, Windows

Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5200delta - what is new for perl v5.20.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Experimental Subroutine signatures
"sub"s now take a "prototype" attribute
More consistent prototype parsing
"rand" now uses a consistent random number generator
New slice syntax
Experimental Postfix Dereferencing
Unicode 6.3 now supported
New "\p{Unicode}" regular expression pattern property
Better 64-bit support
"use locale" now works on UTF-8 locales
"use locale" now compiles on systems without locale ability
More locale initialization fallback options
"-DL" runtime option now added for tracing locale setting
-F now implies -a and -a implies -n
$a and $b warnings exemption
Security
Avoid possible read of free()d memory during parsing
Incompatible Changes
"do" can no longer be used to call subroutines
Quote-like escape changes
Tainting happens under more circumstances; now conforms to documentation
"\p{}", "\P{}" matching has changed for non-Unicode code points.
"\p{All}" has been expanded to match all possible code points
Data::Dumper's output may change
Locale decimal point character no longer leaks outside of "use locale" scope
Assignments of Windows sockets error codes to $! now prefer errno.h values over
WSAGetLastError() values
Functions "PerlIO_vsprintf" and "PerlIO_sprintf" have been removed
Deprecations
The "/\C/" character class
Literal control characters in variable names
References to non-integers and non-positive integers in $/
Character matching routines in POSIX
Interpreter-based threads are now discouraged
Module removals
CGI and its associated CGI:: packages, inc::latest, Package::Constants,
Module::Build and its associated Module::Build:: packages

Utility removals
find2perl, s2p, a2p

Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Android, Bitrig, FreeMiNT, Synology

Discontinued Platforms
"sfio", AT&T 3b1, DG/UX, EBCDIC

Platform-Specific Notes
Cygwin, GNU/Hurd, Linux, Mac OS, MidnightBSD, Mixed-endian platforms, VMS, Win32,
WinCE

Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Regular Expressions
Perl 5 Debugger and -d
Lexical Subroutines
Everything Else
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5184delta - what is new for perl v5.18.4
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Win32

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5182delta - what is new for perl v5.18.2
DESCRIPTION
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5181delta - what is new for perl v5.18.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX, MidnightBSD

Selected Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5180delta - what is new for perl v5.18.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New mechanism for experimental features
Hash overhaul
Upgrade to Unicode 6.2
Character name aliases may now include non-Latin1-range characters
New DTrace probes
"${^LAST_FH}"
Regular Expression Set Operations
Lexical subroutines
Computed Labels
More CORE:: subs
"kill" with negative signal names
Security
See also: hash overhaul
"Storable" security warning in documentation
"Locale::Maketext" allowed code injection via a malicious template
Avoid calling memset with a negative count
Incompatible Changes
See also: hash overhaul
An unknown character name in "\N{...}" is now a syntax error
Formerly deprecated characters in "\N{}" character name aliases are now errors.
"\N{BELL}" now refers to U+1F514 instead of U+0007
New Restrictions in Multi-Character Case-Insensitive Matching in Regular Expression
Bracketed Character Classes
Explicit rules for variable names and identifiers
Vertical tabs are now whitespace
"/(?{})/" and "/(??{})/" have been heavily reworked
Stricter parsing of substitution replacement
"given" now aliases the global $_
The smartmatch family of features are now experimental
Lexical $_ is now experimental
readline() with "$/ = \N" now reads N characters, not N bytes
Overridden "glob" is now passed one argument
Here doc parsing
Alphanumeric operators must now be separated from the closing delimiter of regular
expressions
qw(...) can no longer be used as parentheses
Interaction of lexical and default warnings
"state sub" and "our sub"
Defined values stored in environment are forced to byte strings
"require" dies for unreadable files
"gv_fetchmeth_*" and SUPER
"split"'s first argument is more consistently interpreted
Deprecations
Module removals
encoding, Archive::Extract, B::Lint, B::Lint::Debug, CPANPLUS and all included
"CPANPLUS::*" modules, Devel::InnerPackage, Log::Message, Log::Message::Config,
Log::Message::Handlers, Log::Message::Item, Log::Message::Simple,
Module::Pluggable, Module::Pluggable::Object, Object::Accessor, Pod::LaTeX,
Term::UI, Term::UI::History

Deprecated Utilities
cpanp, "cpanp-run-perl", cpan2dist, pod2latex

PL_sv_objcount
Five additional characters should be escaped in patterns with "/x"
User-defined charnames with surprising whitespace
Various XS-callable functions are now deprecated
Certain rare uses of backslashes within regexes are now deprecated
Splitting the tokens "(?" and "(*" in regular expressions
Pre-PerlIO IO implementations
Future Deprecations
DG/UX, NeXT

Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
Discontinued Platforms
BeOS, UTS Global, VM/ESA, MPE/IX, EPOC, Rhapsody

Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5163delta - what is new for perl v5.16.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
wrap-around with IO on long strings
memory leak in Encode
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5162delta - what is new for perl v5.16.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
configuration should no longer be confused by ls colorization

Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
AIX

Selected Bug Fixes
fix /\h/ equivalence with /[\h]/

Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5161delta - what is new for perl v5.16.1
DESCRIPTION
Security
an off-by-two error in Scalar-List-Util has been fixed
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS

Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5160delta - what is new for perl v5.16.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
"use VERSION"
"__SUB__"
New and Improved Built-ins
Unicode Support
XS Changes
Changes to Special Variables
Debugger Changes
The "CORE" Namespace
Other Changes
Security
Use "is_utf8_char_buf()" and not "is_utf8_char()"
Malformed UTF-8 input could cause attempts to read beyond the end of the buffer
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Privileges are now set correctly when assigning to $(
Deprecations
Don't read the Unicode data base files in lib/unicore
XS functions "is_utf8_char()", "utf8_to_uvchr()" and "utf8_to_uvuni()"
Future Deprecations
Core Modules
Platforms with no supporting programmers
Other Future Deprecations
Incompatible Changes
Special blocks called in void context
The "overloading" pragma and regexp objects
Two XS typemap Entries removed
Unicode 6.1 has incompatibilities with Unicode 6.0
Borland compiler
Certain deprecated Unicode properties are no longer supported by default
Dereferencing IO thingies as typeglobs
User-defined case-changing operations
XSUBs are now 'static'
Weakening read-only references
Tying scalars that hold typeglobs
IPC::Open3 no longer provides "xfork()", "xclose_on_exec()" and "xpipe_anon()"
$$ no longer caches PID
$$ and "getppid()" no longer emulate POSIX semantics under LinuxThreads
$<, $>, $( and $) are no longer cached
Which Non-ASCII characters get quoted by "quotemeta" and "\Q" has changed
Performance Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Deprecated Modules
Version::Requirements

New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Removed Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Removed Errors
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Array and hash
C API fixes
Compile-time hints
Copy-on-write scalars
The debugger
Dereferencing operators
Filehandle, last-accessed
Filetests and "stat"
Formats
"given" and "when"
The "glob" operator
Lvalue subroutines
Overloading
Prototypes of built-in keywords
Regular expressions
Smartmatching
The "sort" operator
The "substr" operator
Support for embedded nulls
Threading bugs
Tied variables
Version objects and vstrings
Warnings, redefinition
Warnings, "Uninitialized"
Weak references
Other notable fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5144delta - what is new for perl v5.14.4
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
CVE-2013-1667: memory exhaustion with arbitrary hash keys
memory leak in Encode
[perl #111594] Socket::unpack_sockaddr_un heap-buffer-overflow
[perl #111586] SDBM_File: fix off-by-one access to global ".dir"
off-by-two error in List::Util
[perl #115994] fix segv in regcomp.c:S_join_exact()
[perl #115992] PL_eval_start use-after-free
wrap-around with IO on long strings
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Socket, SDBM_File, List::Util

Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
VMS

Selected Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5143delta - what is new for perl v5.14.3
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
"Digest" unsafe use of eval (CVE-2011-3597)
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
FreeBSD, Solaris and NetBSD, HP-UX, Linux, Mac OS X, GNU/Hurd, NetBSD

Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5142delta - what is new for perl v5.14.2
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
HP-UX PA-RISC/64 now supports gcc-4.x, Building on OS X 10.7 Lion and Xcode 4
works again

Bug Fixes
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5141delta - what is new for perl v5.14.1
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Security
Incompatible Changes
Deprecations
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragmata
Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Testing
Platform Support
New Platforms
Discontinued Platforms
Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
Bug Fixes
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5140delta - what is new for perl v5.14.0
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Core Enhancements
Unicode
Regular Expressions
Syntactical Enhancements
Exception Handling
Other Enhancements
"-d:-foo", "-d:-foo=bar"

New C APIs
Security
User-defined regular expression properties
Incompatible Changes
Regular Expressions and String Escapes
Stashes and Package Variables
Changes to Syntax or to Perl Operators
Threads and Processes
Configuration
Deprecations
Omitting a space between a regular expression and subsequent word
"\cX"
"\b{" and "\B{"
Perl 4-era .pl libraries
List assignment to $[
Use of qw(...) as parentheses
"\N{BELL}"
"?PATTERN?"
Tie functions on scalars holding typeglobs
User-defined case-mapping
Deprecated modules
Devel::DProf

Performance Enhancements
"Safe signals" optimisation
Optimisation of shift() and pop() calls without arguments
Optimisation of regexp engine string comparison work
Regular expression compilation speed-up
String appending is 100 times faster
Eliminate "PL_*" accessor functions under ithreads
Freeing weak references
Lexical array and hash assignments
@_ uses less memory
Size optimisations to SV and HV structures
Memory consumption improvements to Exporter
Memory savings for weak references
"%+" and "%-" use less memory
Multiple small improvements to threads
Adjacent pairs of nextstate opcodes are now optimized away
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules and Pragma
much less configuration dialog hassle, support for META/MYMETA.json, support for
local::lib, support for HTTP::Tiny to reduce the dependency on FTP sites,
automatic mirror selection, iron out all known bugs in configure_requires, support
for distributions compressed with bzip2(1), allow Foo/Bar.pm on the command line
to mean "Foo::Bar", charinfo(), charscript(), charblock()

Removed Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Closure prototype called, Insecure user-defined property %s, panic: gp_free failed
to free glob pointer - something is repeatedly re-creating entries, Parsing code
internal error (%s), refcnt: fd %d%s, Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice,
Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive, Using !~ with %s doesn't
make sense, "\b{" is deprecated; use "\b\{" instead, "\B{" is deprecated; use
"\B\{" instead, Operation "%s" returns its argument for .., Use of qw(...) as
parentheses is deprecated

Changes to Existing Diagnostics
Utility Changes
Configuration and Compilation
Platform Support
New Platforms
AIX

Discontinued Platforms
Apollo DomainOS, MacOS Classic

Platform-Specific Notes
Internal Changes
New APIs
C API Changes
Deprecated C APIs
"Perl_ptr_table_clear", "sv_compile_2op", "find_rundefsvoffset", "CALL_FPTR" and
"CPERLscope"

Other Internal Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
I/O
Regular Expression Bug Fixes
Syntax/Parsing Bugs
Stashes, Globs and Method Lookup
Aliasing packages by assigning to globs [perl #77358], Deleting packages by
deleting their containing stash elements, Undefining the glob containing a package
("undef *Foo::"), Undefining an ISA glob ("undef *Foo::ISA"), Deleting an ISA
stash element ("delete $Foo::{ISA}"), Sharing @ISA arrays between classes (via
"*Foo::ISA = \@Bar::ISA" or "*Foo::ISA = *Bar::ISA") [perl #77238]

Unicode
Ties, Overloading and Other Magic
The Debugger
Threads
Scoping and Subroutines
Signals
Miscellaneous Memory Leaks
Memory Corruption and Crashes
Fixes to Various Perl Operators
Bugs Relating to the C API
Known Problems
Errata
keys(), values(), and each() work on arrays
split() and @_
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5125delta - what is new for perl v5.12.5
DESCRIPTION
Security
"Encode" decode_xs n-byte heap-overflow (CVE-2011-2939)
"File::Glob::bsd_glob()" memory error with GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC (CVE-2011-2728).
Heap buffer overrun in 'x' string repeat operator (CVE-2012-5195)
Incompatible Changes
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
perlebcdic
perlunicode
perluniprops
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform Specific Changes
Mac OS X, NetBSD

Selected Bug Fixes
Errata
split() and @_
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5124delta - what is new for perl v5.12.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Modules and Pragmata
Testing
Documentation
Platform Specific Notes
Linux

Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5123delta - what is new for perl v5.12.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
"keys", "values" work on arrays
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
Solaris, VMS, VOS

Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5122delta - what is new for perl v5.12.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
"Carp", "CPANPLUS", "File::Glob", "File::Copy", "File::Spec"

Utility Changes
Changes to Existing Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
AIX
Windows
VMS
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5121delta - what is new for perl v5.12.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Pragmata Changes
Updated Modules
Changes to Existing Documentation
Testing
Testing Improvements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Notes
HP-UX
AIX
FreeBSD 7
VMS
Known Problems
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
New "package NAME VERSION" syntax
The "..." operator
Implicit strictures
Unicode improvements
Y2038 compliance
qr overloading
Pluggable keywords
APIs for more internals
Overridable function lookup
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
"\N" experimental regex escape
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
"each", "keys", "values" are now more flexible
"when" as a statement modifier
$, flexibility
// in when clauses
Enabling warnings from your shell environment
"delete local"
New support for Abstract namespace sockets
32-bit limit on substr arguments removed
Potentially Incompatible Changes
Deprecations warn by default
Version number formats
@INC reorganization
REGEXPs are now first class
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator

Smart match changes
Other potentially incompatible changes
Deprecations
suidperl, Use of ":=" to mean an empty attribute list, "UNIVERSAL->import()", Use of
"goto" to jump into a construct, Custom character names in \N{name} that don't look
like names, Deprecated Modules, Class::ISA, Pod::Plainer, Shell, Switch, Assignment to
$[, Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines, Use of "locked" with the attributes
pragma, Use of "unique" with the attributes pragma, Perl_pmflag, Numerous Perl 4-era
libraries

Unicode overhaul
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "overloading", "parent", "Parse::CPAN::Meta",
"VMS::DCLsym", "VMS::Stdio", "XS::APItest::KeywordRPN"

Updated Pragmata
"base", "bignum", "charnames", "constant", "diagnostics", "feature", "less",
"lib", "mro", "overload", "threads", "threads::shared", "version", "warnings"

Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers", "AutoLoader",
"B::Concise", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse", "B::Lint", "CGI", "Class::ISA",
"Compress::Raw::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build",
"Data::Dumper", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort", "Digest", "Digest::MD5",
"Digest::SHA", "Encode", "Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command",
"ExtUtils::Constant", "ExtUtils::Install", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker",
"ExtUtils::Manifest", "ExtUtils::ParseXS", "File::Fetch", "File::Path",
"File::Temp", "Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "Getopt::Long", "IO",
"IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::SysV", "Locale::Maketext",
"Locale::Maketext::Simple", "Log::Message", "Log::Message::Simple",
"Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex",
"Memoize", "MIME::Base64", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load",
"Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded", "Module::Pluggable", "Net::Ping",
"NEXT", "Object::Accessor", "Package::Constants", "PerlIO", "Pod::Parser",
"Pod::Perldoc", "Pod::Plainer", "Pod::Simple", "Safe", "SelfLoader", "Storable",
"Switch", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor", "Term::UI", "Test", "Test::Harness",
"Test::Simple", "Text::Balanced", "Text::ParseWords", "Text::Soundex",
"Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "Tie::RefHash", "Time::HiRes",
"Time::Local", "Time::Piece", "Unicode::Collate", "Unicode::Normalize", "Win32",
"Win32API::File", "XSLoader"

Removed Modules and Pragmata
"attrs", "CPAN::API::HOWTO", "CPAN::DeferedCode", "CPANPLUS::inc", "DCLsym",
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish", "Stdio",
"Test::Harness::Assert", "Test::Harness::Iterator", "Test::Harness::Point",
"Test::Harness::Results", "Test::Harness::Straps", "Test::Harness::Util",
"XSSymSet"

Deprecated Modules and Pragmata
Documentation
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Selected Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Internal Changes
Testing
Testing improvements
Parallel tests, Test harness flexibility, Test watchdog

New Tests
New or Changed Diagnostics
New Diagnostics
Changed Diagnostics
"Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s", "Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s"

Utility Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes
New Platforms
Haiku, MirOS BSD

Discontinued Platforms
Domain/OS, MiNT, Tenon MachTen

Updated Platforms
AIX, Cygwin, Darwin (Mac OS X), DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, Irix, NetBSD, OpenVMS,
Stratus VOS, Symbian, Windows

Known Problems
Errata
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5101delta - what is new for perl v5.10.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Switch statement changes
flip-flop operators, defined-or operator

Smart match changes
Other incompatible changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0
A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders
The "overloading" pragma
Parallel tests
DTrace support
Support for "configure_requires" in CPAN module metadata
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
"autodie", "Compress::Raw::Bzip2", "parent", "Parse::CPAN::Meta"

Pragmata Changes
"attributes", "attrs", "base", "bigint", "bignum", "bigrat", "charnames",
"constant", "feature", "fields", "lib", "open", "overload", "overloading",
"version"

Updated Modules
"Archive::Extract", "Archive::Tar", "Attribute::Handlers", "AutoLoader",
"AutoSplit", "B", "B::Debug", "B::Deparse", "B::Lint", "B::Xref", "Benchmark",
"Carp", "CGI", "Compress::Zlib", "CPAN", "CPANPLUS", "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build",
"Cwd", "Data::Dumper", "DB", "DB_File", "Devel::PPPort", "Digest::MD5",
"Digest::SHA", "DirHandle", "Dumpvalue", "DynaLoader", "Encode", "Errno",
"Exporter", "ExtUtils::CBuilder", "ExtUtils::Command", "ExtUtils::Constant",
"ExtUtils::Embed", "ExtUtils::Install", "ExtUtils::MakeMaker",
"ExtUtils::Manifest", "ExtUtils::ParseXS", "Fatal", "File::Basename",
"File::Compare", "File::Copy", "File::Fetch", "File::Find", "File::Path",
"File::Spec", "File::stat", "File::Temp", "FileCache", "FileHandle",
"Filter::Simple", "Filter::Util::Call", "FindBin", "GDBM_File", "Getopt::Long",
"Hash::Util::FieldHash", "I18N::Collate", "IO", "IO::Compress::*", "IO::Dir",
"IO::Handle", "IO::Socket", "IO::Zlib", "IPC::Cmd", "IPC::Open3", "IPC::SysV",
"lib", "List::Util", "Locale::MakeText", "Log::Message", "Math::BigFloat",
"Math::BigInt", "Math::BigInt::FastCalc", "Math::BigRat", "Math::Complex",
"Math::Trig", "Memoize", "Module::Build", "Module::CoreList", "Module::Load",
"Module::Load::Conditional", "Module::Loaded", "Module::Pluggable", "NDBM_File",
"Net::Ping", "NEXT", "Object::Accessor", "OS2::REXX", "Package::Constants",
"PerlIO", "PerlIO::via", "Pod::Man", "Pod::Parser", "Pod::Simple", "Pod::Text",
"POSIX", "Safe", "Scalar::Util", "SelectSaver", "SelfLoader", "Socket",
"Storable", "Switch", "Symbol", "Sys::Syslog", "Term::ANSIColor",
"Term::ReadLine", "Term::UI", "Test::Harness", "Test::Simple", "Text::ParseWords",
"Text::Tabs", "Text::Wrap", "Thread::Queue", "Thread::Semaphore", "threads",
"threads::shared", "Tie::RefHash", "Tie::StdHandle", "Time::HiRes", "Time::Local",
"Time::Piece", "Unicode::Normalize", "Unicode::UCD", "UNIVERSAL", "Win32",
"Win32API::File", "XSLoader"

Utility Changes
h2ph, h2xs, perl5db.pl, perlthanks

New Documentation
perlhaiku, perlmroapi, perlperf, perlrepository, perlthanks

Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
ext/ reorganisation
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Platform Specific Changes
AIX, Cygwin, FreeBSD, Irix, Haiku, MirOS BSD, NetBSD, Stratus VOS, Symbian, Win32,
VMS

Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
"panic: sv_chop %s", "Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s", "v-string in
use/require is non-portable", "Deep recursion on subroutine "%s""

Changed Internals
"SVf_UTF8", "SVs_TEMP"

New Tests
t/comp/retainedlines.t, t/io/perlio_fail.t, t/io/perlio_leaks.t, t/io/perlio_open.t,
t/io/perlio.t, t/io/pvbm.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/index_thr.t,
t/op/pat_thr.t, t/op/qr_gc.t, t/op/reg_email_thr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t,
t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t, t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t, t/op/reg_nc_tie.t,
t/op/reg_posixcc.t, t/op/re.t, t/op/setpgrpstack.t, t/op/substr_thr.t, t/op/upgrade.t,
t/uni/lex_utf8.t, t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems
Deprecations
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl5100delta - what is new for perl 5.10.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
The "feature" pragma
New -E command-line switch
Defined-or operator
Switch and Smart Match operator
Regular expressions
Recursive Patterns, Named Capture Buffers, Possessive Quantifiers, Backtracking
control verbs, Relative backreferences, "\K" escape, Vertical and horizontal
whitespace, and linebreak, Optional pre-match and post-match captures with the /p
flag

"say()"
Lexical $_
The "_" prototype
UNITCHECK blocks
New Pragma, "mro"
readdir() may return a "short filename" on Windows
readpipe() is now overridable
Default argument for readline()
state() variables
Stacked filetest operators
UNIVERSAL::DOES()
Formats
Byte-order modifiers for pack() and unpack()
"no VERSION"
"chdir", "chmod" and "chown" on filehandles
OS groups
Recursive sort subs
Exceptions in constant folding
Source filters in @INC
New internal variables
"${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}", "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}",
"${^WIN32_SLOPPY_STAT}"

Miscellaneous
UCD 5.0.0
MAD
kill() on Windows
Incompatible Changes
Packing and UTF-8 strings
Byte/character count feature in unpack()
The $* and $# variables have been removed
substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
Parsing of "-f _"
":unique"
Effect of pragmas in eval
chdir FOO
Handling of .pmc files
$^V is now a "version" object instead of a v-string
@- and @+ in patterns
$AUTOLOAD can now be tainted
Tainting and printf
undef and signal handlers
strictures and dereferencing in defined()
"(?p{})" has been removed
Pseudo-hashes have been removed
Removal of the bytecode compiler and of perlcc
Removal of the JPL
Recursive inheritance detected earlier
warnings::enabled and warnings::warnif changed to favor users of modules
Modules and Pragmata
Upgrading individual core modules
Pragmata Changes
"feature", "mro", Scoping of the "sort" pragma, Scoping of "bignum", "bigint",
"bigrat", "base", "strict" and "warnings", "version", "warnings", "less"

New modules
Selected Changes to Core Modules
"Attribute::Handlers", "B::Lint", "B", "Thread"

Utility Changes
perl -d, ptar, ptardiff, shasum, corelist, h2ph and h2xs, perlivp, find2perl,
config_data, cpanp, cpan2dist, pod2html

New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
In-place sorting
Lexical array access
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
"PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
Weak references are cheaper
sort() enhancements
Memory optimisations
UTF-8 cache optimisation
Sloppy stat on Windows
Regular expressions optimisations
Engine de-recursivised, Single char char-classes treated as literals, Trie
optimisation of literal string alternations, Aho-Corasick start-point optimisation

Installation and Configuration Improvements
Configuration improvements
"-Dusesitecustomize", Relocatable installations, strlcat() and strlcpy(),
"d_pseudofork" and "d_printf_format_null", Configure help

Compilation improvements
Parallel build, Borland's compilers support, Static build on Windows, ppport.h
files, C++ compatibility, Support for Microsoft 64-bit compiler, Visual C++, Win32
builds

Installation improvements
Module auxiliary files

New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
strictures in regexp-eval blocks, Calling CORE::require(), Subscripts of slices, "no
warnings 'category'" works correctly with -w, threads improvements, chr() and negative
values, PERL5SHELL and tainting, Using *FILE{IO}, Overloading and reblessing,
Overloading and UTF-8, eval memory leaks fixed, Random device on Windows,
PERLIO_DEBUG, PerlIO::scalar and read-only scalars, study() and UTF-8, Critical
signals, @INC-hook fix, "-t" switch fix, Duping UTF-8 filehandles, Localisation of
hash elements

New or Changed Diagnostics
Use of uninitialized value, Deprecated use of my() in false conditional, !=~ should be
!~, Newline in left-justified string, Too late for "-T" option, "%s" variable %s masks
earlier declaration, readdir()/closedir()/etc. attempted on invalid dirhandle, Opening
dirhandle/filehandle %s also as a file/directory, Use of -P is deprecated, v-string in
use/require is non-portable, perl -V

Changed Internals
Reordering of SVt_* constants
Elimination of SVt_PVBM
New type SVt_BIND
Removal of CPP symbols
Less space is used by ops
New parser
Use of "const"
Mathoms
"AvFLAGS" has been removed
"av_*" changes
$^H and %^H
B:: modules inheritance changed
Anonymous hash and array constructors
Known Problems
UTF-8 problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl589delta - what is new for perl v5.8.9
DESCRIPTION
Notice
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 5.1.0.
stat and -X on directory handles
Source filters in @INC
Exceptions in constant folding
"no VERSION"
Improved internal UTF-8 caching code
Runtime relocatable installations
New internal variables
"${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}", "${^UTF8CACHE}"

"readpipe" is now overridable
simple exception handling macros
-D option enhancements
XS-assisted SWASHGET
Constant subroutines
New Platforms
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
Updated Modules
Utility Changes
debugger upgraded to version 1.31
perlthanks
perlbug
h2xs
h2ph
New Documentation
Changes to Existing Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Relocatable installations
Configuration improvements
Compilation improvements
Installation improvements.
Platform Specific Changes
Selected Bug Fixes
Unicode
PerlIO
Magic
Reblessing overloaded objects now works
"strict" now propagates correctly into string evals
Other fixes
Platform Specific Fixes
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
panic: sv_chop %s
Maximal count of pending signals (%s) exceeded
panic: attempt to call %s in %s
FETCHSIZE returned a negative value
Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d
%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine
Cannot make the non-overridable builtin %s fatal
Unrecognized character '%s' in column %d
Offset outside string
Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regexp; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/
Your machine doesn't support dump/undump.
Changed Internals
Macro cleanups
New Tests
ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t, t/comp/fold.t, t/io/pvbm.t,
t/lib/proxy_constant_subs.t, t/op/attrhand.t, t/op/dbm.t, t/op/inccode-tie.t,
t/op/incfilter.t, t/op/kill0.t, t/op/qrstack.t, t/op/qr.t, t/op/regexp_qr_embed.t,
t/op/regexp_qr.t, t/op/rxcode.t, t/op/studytied.t, t/op/substT.t, t/op/symbolcache.t,
t/op/upgrade.t, t/mro/package_aliases.t, t/pod/twice.t, t/run/cloexec.t,
t/uni/cache.t, t/uni/chr.t, t/uni/greek.t, t/uni/latin2.t, t/uni/overload.t,
t/uni/tie.t

Known Problems
Platform Specific Notes
Win32
OS/2
VMS
Obituary
Acknowledgements
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl588delta - what is new for perl v5.8.8
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
"h2xs" enhancements
"perlivp" enhancements
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
no warnings 'category' works correctly with -w
Remove over-optimisation
sprintf() fixes
Debugger and Unicode slowdown
Smaller fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Attempt to set length of freed array
Non-string passed as bitmask
Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl587delta - what is new for perl v5.8.7
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
suidperl less insecure
Optional site customization script
"Config.pm" is now much smaller.
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
find2perl enhancements
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Performance Enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
New Tests
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
Perl's debugger
h2ph
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Known Problems
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Malloc wrapping
Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
suidperl less insecure
format
Modules and Pragmata
Updated modules
Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find, IO,
IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat,
MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog,
Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8

Performance Enhancements
Utility Changes
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Future Directions
Platform Specific Problems
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util, Math::BigInt,
PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness,
threads::shared

Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Selected Bug Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Configuration and Building
Platform Specific Problems
Known Problems
Future Directions
Obituary
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Core Enhancements
Hash Randomisation
Threading
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc,
strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL

Selected Bug Fixes
Changed Internals
Platform Specific Problems
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
DESCRIPTION
Incompatible Changes
Hash Randomisation
UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
(Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
(Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
Core Enhancements
UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
Unsafe signals again available
Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
local ${$x}
Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
Deprecation Warnings
Miscellaneous Enhancements
Modules and Pragmata
Updated Modules And Pragmata
base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes, CGI,
charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode,
fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar,
podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable, strict,
Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Text::Balanced,
Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
Win32::GetFolderPath, Win32::GetOSVersion

Utility Changes
New Documentation
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Platform-specific enhancements
Selected Bug Fixes
Closures, eval and lexicals
Generic fixes
Platform-specific fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
New "Missing control char name in \c"
New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
New "Use of freed value in iteration"
Changed Internals
New Tests
Known Problems
Tied hashes in scalar context
Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
B::C
Platform Specific Problems
EBCDIC Platforms
Cygwin 1.5 problems
HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
Future Directions
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO

perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
DESCRIPTION
Highlights In 5.8.0
Incompatible Changes
Binary Incompatibility
64-bit platforms and malloc
AIX Dynaloading
Attributes for "my" variables now handled at run-time
Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
New Unicode Semantics (no more "use utf8", almost)
New Unicode Properties
REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
pack/unpack D/F recycled
glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
Deprecations
Core Enhancements
Unicode Overhaul
PerlIO is Now The Default
ithreads
Restricted Hashes
Safe Signals
Understanding of Numbers
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
Miscellaneous Changes
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules and Pragmata
Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
Utility Changes
New Documentation
Performance Enhancements
Installation and Configuration Improvements
Generic Improvements
New Or Improved Platforms
Selected Bug Fixes
Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
New or Changed Diagnostics
Changed Internals
Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
New Tests
Known Problems
The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
PDL failing some tests
Perl_get_sv
Self-tying Problems
ext/threads/t/libc
Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
Timing problems
Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
Platform Specific Problems
AIX
Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
AmigaOS
BeOS
Cygwin "unable to remap"
Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
DJGPP Failures
FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
Mac OS X
Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
OS/2 Test Failures
op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
SCO
Solaris 2.5
Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
UNICOS/mk
UTS
VOS (Stratus)
VMS
Win32
XML::Parser not working
z/OS (OS/390)
Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.1
DESCRIPTION
Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
Security Issues
Core bug fixes
"UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in
regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to
special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(),
Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger,
PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines,
IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, "no Module;", Tests

Core features
Configuration issues
Documentation
Bundled modules
B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

Platform-specific improvements
NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB,
DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl,
File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser,
Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find,
Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM
Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod,
perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod,
perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod,
perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented,
"our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count,
/ must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a
numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
\\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s()
called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine
name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s,
<> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad
realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable,
Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't
declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal
CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL
environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine,
Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax
[%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is
deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?),
Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in
regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global
symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-
portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits
in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in
attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving
effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not
permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
"my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC,
Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno
read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible
unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is
deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat
count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory
ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't
reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to
prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute
parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute
parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value
of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of
$English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently,
Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on
pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(),
each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized
not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have
changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
Known test failures
EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-
hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The
DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical
name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable
precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is
deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
DESCRIPTION
Core Enhancements
Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
Lexically scoped warning categories
Unicode and UTF-8 support
Support for interpolating named characters
"our" declarations
Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
Improved Perl version numbering system
New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
File and directory handles can be autovivified
open() with more than two arguments
64-bit support
Large file support
Long doubles
"more bits"
Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
"sort $coderef @foo" allowed
File globbing implemented internally
Support for CHECK blocks
POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
Better pseudo-random number generator
Improved "qw//" operator
Better worst-case behavior of hashes
pack() format 'Z' supported
pack() format modifier '!' supported
pack() and unpack() support counted strings
Comments in pack() templates
Weak references
Binary numbers supported
Lvalue subroutines
Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
exists() is supported on subroutine names
exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
Pseudo-hashes work better
Automatic flushing of output buffers
Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
eof() has the same old magic as <>
binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
"-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
Improved diagnostics
Diagnostics follow STDERR
More consistent close-on-exec behavior
syswrite() ease-of-use
Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
Bit operators support full native integer width
Improved security features
More functional bareword prototype (*)
"require" and "do" may be overridden
$^X variables may now have names longer than one character
New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
Optional Y2K warnings
Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
@- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
Modules and Pragmata
Modules
attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB,
DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl,
File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser,
Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find,
Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM
Filters

Pragmata
Utility Changes
dprofpp
find2perl
h2xs
perlcc
perldoc
The Perl Debugger
Improved Documentation
perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod,
perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod,
perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod,
perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements
Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
Optimized assignments to lexical variables
Faster subroutine calls
delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
Installation and Configuration Improvements
-Dusethreads means something different
New Configure flags
Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
Long Doubles
-Dusemorebits
-Duselargefiles
installusrbinperl
SOCKS support
"-A" flag
Enhanced Installation Directories
Platform specific changes
Supported platforms
DOS
OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
VMS
Win32
Significant bug fixes
<HANDLE> on empty files
"eval '...'" improvements
All compilation errors are true errors
Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
Behavior of list slices is more consistent
"(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
"goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
"-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
Failures in DESTROY()
Locale bugs fixed
Memory leaks
Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
Taint failures under "-U"
END blocks and the "-c" switch
Potential to leak DATA filehandles
New or Changed Diagnostics
"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented,
"our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count,
/ must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a
numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
\\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s()
called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine
name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s,
<> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad
realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable,
Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't
declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal
CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL
environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine,
Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax
[%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is
deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?),
Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in
regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global
symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-
portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits
in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in
attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving
effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not
permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
"my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC,
Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno
read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible
unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is
deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat
count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory
ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't
reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to
prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute
parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute
parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value
of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests
Incompatible Changes
Perl Source Incompatibilities
CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of
$English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently,
Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on
pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(),
each(), values() and "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been removed, Parenthesized
not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have
changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities
"PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

Compatible C Source API Changes
"PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

Binary Incompatibilities
Known Problems
Thread test failures
EBCDIC platforms not supported
In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc
UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
Arrow operator and arrays
Experimental features
Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-
hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The
DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics
Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical
name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable
precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is
deprecated

Reporting Bugs
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
DESCRIPTION
About the new versioning system
Incompatible Changes
WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
Default installation structure has changed
Perl Source Compatibility
C Source Compatibility
Binary Compatibility
Security fixes may affect compatibility
Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
Licensing
Core Changes
Threads
Compiler
Regular Expressions
Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements,
Incompatible changes

Improved malloc()
Quicksort is internally implemented
Reliable signals
Reliable stack pointers
More generous treatment of carriage returns
Memory leaks
Better support for multiple interpreters
Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
"%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module
Pseudo-hashes are supported
"EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported
Keywords can be globally overridden
$^E is meaningful on Win32
"foreach (1..1000000)" optimized
"Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name
"exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package
Better locale support
Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
prototype() returns useful results on builtins
Extended support for exception handling
Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
All "printf" format conversions are handled internally
New "INIT" keyword
New "lock" keyword
New "qr//" operator
"our" is now a reserved word
Tied arrays are now fully supported
Tied handles support is better
4th argument to substr
Negative LENGTH argument to splice
Magic lvalues are now more magical
<> now reads in records
Supported Platforms
New Platforms
Changes in existing support
Modules and Pragmata
New Modules
B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread,
attrs, fields, re

Changes in existing modules
Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker,
CPAN, Cwd

Utility Changes
Documentation Changes
New Diagnostics
Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while
coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't call
method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid,
Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't
localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot
find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future
extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure
regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not
allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex
digit ignored, No such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out
of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range,
Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where
even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed

Obsolete Diagnostics
Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open temporary file,
regexp too big

Configuration Changes
BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
DESCRIPTION
Supported Environments
Core Changes
List assignment to %ENV works
Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
$PERL5OPT environment variable
Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
More precise warnings
Deprecated: Inherited "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods
Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
Group vector changeable with $)
Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
No resetting of $. on implicit close
"wantarray" may return undef
"eval EXPR" determines value of EXPR in scalar context
Changes to tainting checks
No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if
tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name

New Opcode module and revised Safe module
Embedding improvements
Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
New and changed syntax
$coderef->(PARAMS)

New and changed builtin constants
__PACKAGE__

New and changed builtin variables
$^E, $^H, $^M

New and changed builtin functions
delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control
Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST,
prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position
on failure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}" closures work
now, formats work right on changing lexicals

New builtin methods
isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

TIEHANDLE now supported
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST,
READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

Malloc enhancements
-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
Support for More Operating Systems
Win32
Plan 9
QNX
AmigaOS
Pragmata
use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant NAME
=> VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

Modules
Required Updates
Installation directories
Module information summary
Fcntl
IO
Math::Complex
Math::Trig
DB_File
Net::Ping
Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
Utility Changes
pod2html
Sends converted HTML to standard output

xsubpp
"void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing

C Language API Changes
"gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API for manipulating
hashes

Documentation Changes
perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec

New Diagnostics
"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a HASH
element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s
will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use
reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't
redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict
refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return
a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character
%s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number,
Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in
%s: "%s", Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used
only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put
comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value
@%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading
`%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still
exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to
mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Warning:
something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from
DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by
SIG%s

BUGS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlexperiment - A listing of experimental features in Perl
DESCRIPTION
Current experiments
"our" can now have an experimental optional attribute "unique", Smart match
("~~"), Lexical $_, Pluggable keywords, Array and hash container functions accept
references, Lexical subroutines, Regular Expression Set Operations, Subroutine
signatures, Postfix dereference syntax, Aliasing via reference, The "const"
attribute, use re 'strict';, String- and number-specific bitwise operators, The
<:win32> IO pseudolayer, There is an "installhtml" target in the Makefile, Unicode
in Perl on EBCDIC

Accepted features
64-bit support, die accepts a reference, DB module, Weak references, Internal file
glob, fork() emulation, -Dusemultiplicity -Duseithreads, Support for long doubles,
The "\N" regex character class, "(?{code})" and "(??{ code })", Linux abstract
Unix domain sockets, Lvalue subroutines, Backtracking control verbs, The <:pop> IO
pseudolayer, "\s" in regexp matches vertical tab

Removed features
5.005-style threading, perlcc, The pseudo-hash data type, GetOpt::Long Options can
now take multiple values at once (experimental), Assertions,
Test::Harness::Straps, "legacy"

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "Artistic License"
Preamble
Definitions
"Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable copying
fee", "Freely Available"

Conditions
a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)

perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 1
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

perlaix - Perl version 5 on IBM AIX (UNIX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
Supported Compilers
Incompatibility with AIX Toolbox lib gdbm
Perl 5 was successfully compiled and tested on:
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
Using Large Files with Perl
Threaded Perl
64-bit Perl
Long doubles
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (32-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (threaded/64-bit)
Recommended Options AIX 5.1/5.2/5.3/6.1 and 7.1 (64-bit)
Compiling Perl 5 on AIX 7.1.0
Compiling Perl 5 on older AIX versions up to 4.3.3
OS level
Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX < 5L
The IBM ANSI C Compiler
The usenm option
Using GNU's gcc for building Perl
Using Large Files with Perl < 5L
Threaded Perl < 5L
64-bit Perl < 5L
AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
AUTHORS

perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS

Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
INSTALLATION
Accessing documentation
Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
Making Perl on AmigaOS
Testing Perl on AmigaOS
Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

perlandroid - Perl under Android
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Cross-compilation
Get the Android Native Development Kit (NDK)
Determine the architecture you'll be cross-compiling for
Set up a standalone toolchain
adb or ssh?
Configure and beyond
Native Builds
AUTHOR

perlbs2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gzip on BS2000
bison on BS2000
Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
Compiling Perl on BS2000
Testing Perl on BS2000
Installing Perl on BS2000
Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
Using Perl in "native" BS2000
Floating point anomalies on BS2000
Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list
HISTORY

perlce - Perl for WinCE
Building Perl for WinCE
WARNING
DESCRIPTION
General explanations on cross-compiling WinCE
CURRENT BUILD INSTRUCTIONS
OLD BUILD INSTRUCTIONS
Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's celib-
sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources, go to ./win32 subdirectory, edit file
./win32/ce-helpers/compile.bat, run compile.bat, run compile.bat dist

Using Perl on WinCE
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
ENVIRONMENT
PERL5LIB, PATH, TMP, UNIXROOTPATH, ROWS/COLS, HOME, CONSOLEFONTSIZE

REGISTRY
XS
BUGS
INSTALLATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
History of WinCE port
AUTHORS
Rainer Keuchel <[email protected]>, Vadim Konovalov, Daniel Dragan

perlcygwin - Perl for Cygwin
SYNOPSIS
PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
Cygwin Configuration
"PATH", nroff

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
"-lcrypt", "-lgdbm_compat" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use DB_File"), "cygserver"
("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"

Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
"-Uusedl", "-Dusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity", "-Uuse64bitint",
"-Duselongdouble", "-Uuseithreads", "-Duselargefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"

Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines

MAKE ON CYGWIN
TEST ON CYGWIN
File Permissions on Cygwin
NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
"fork()" failures in io_* tests
Specific features of the Cygwin port
Script Portability on Cygwin
Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, Cygwin vs. Windows process ids, Cygwin vs.
Windows errors, rebase errors on fork or system, "chown()", Miscellaneous

Prebuilt methods:
"Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid",
"Cygwin::win_to_posix_path", "Cygwin::posix_to_win_path", "Cygwin::mount_table()",
"Cygwin::mount_flags", "Cygwin::is_binmount", "Cygwin::sync_winenv"

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled
Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts, Perl Module Tests

BUGS ON CYGWIN
AUTHORS
HISTORY

perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
DJGPP, Pthreads

Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
Building Perl on DOS
Testing Perl on DOS
Installation of Perl on DOS
BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
Building XS Modules on DOS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlfreebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
AUTHOR

perlhaiku - Perl version 5.10+ on Haiku
DESCRIPTION
BUILD AND INSTALL
KNOWN PROBLEMS
CONTACT

perlhpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems
DESCRIPTION
Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
Using perl from HP's porting centre
Other prebuilt perl binaries
Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
PA-RISC
Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
PA-RISC 1.0
PA-RISC 1.1
PA-RISC 2.0
Itanium Processor Family (IPF) and HP-UX
Itanium, Itanium 2 & Madison 6
HP-UX versions
Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
The HP ANSI C Compiler
The GNU C Compiler
Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
Threaded Perl on HP-UX
64-bit Perl on HP-UX
Oracle on HP-UX
GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
error: pasting ")" and "l" does not give a valid preprocessing token
Redeclaration of "sendpath" with a different storage class specifier
Miscellaneous
AUTHOR

perlhurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
DESCRIPTION
Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
AUTHOR

perlirix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
DESCRIPTION
Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
About Compiler Versions of Irix
Linker Problems in Irix
Malloc in Irix
Building with threads in Irix
Irix 5.3
AUTHOR

perllinux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems
DESCRIPTION
Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
AUTHOR

perlmacos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

perlmacosx - Perl under Mac OS X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Installation Prefix
SDK support
Universal Binary support
64-bit PPC support
libperl and Prebinding
Updating Apple's Perl
Known problems
Cocoa
Starting From Scratch
AUTHOR
DATE

perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
DESCRIPTION
BUILD
Tools & SDK
Setup
SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat

Make
Interpreter
Extensions
INSTALL
BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
DATE

perlopenbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems
DESCRIPTION
OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with ithreads
AUTHOR

perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Target
Other OSes
Prerequisites
EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
Frequently asked questions
"It does not work"
I cannot run external programs
I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.
Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed?

"``" and pipe-"open" do not work under DOS.
Cannot start "find.exe "pattern" file"
INSTALLATION
Automatic binary installation
"PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm

Manual binary installation
Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically
linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl
modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages
for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh

Warning
Accessing documentation
OS/2 .INF file
Plain text
Manpages
HTML
GNU "info" files
PDF files
"LaTeX" docs
BUILD
The short story
Prerequisites
Getting perl source
Application of the patches
Hand-editing
Making
Testing
A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t, 18, 25,
op/stat.t

Installing the built perl
"a.out"-style build
Building a binary distribution
Building custom .EXE files
Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded extensions
Making executables with a custom search-paths
Build FAQ
Some "/" became "\" in pdksh.
'errno' - unresolved external
Problems with tr or sed
Some problem (forget which ;-)
Library ... not found
Segfault in make
op/sprintf test failure
Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
"setpriority", "getpriority"
"system()"
"extproc" on the first line
Additional modules:
Prebuilt methods:
"File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname", "Cwd::current_drive()",
"Cwd::sys_chdir(name)", "Cwd::change_drive(name)",
"Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
"Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)", "Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)",
"Cwd::extLibpath([type])", "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )",
"OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)", "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)",
OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)",
"OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])",
"OS2::_control87(new,mask)", OS2::get_control87(),
"OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)", "OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])"

Prebuilt variables:
$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
$OS2::nsyserror

Misfeatures
Modifications
"popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir", "rmdir", "flock"

Identifying DLLs
Centralized management of resources
"HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, "CheckOSError(expr)",
"CheckWinError(expr)", "SaveWinError(expr)",
"SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc", "FillWinError",
"FillOSError(rc)", Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs

Perl flavors
perl.exe
perl_.exe
perl__.exe
perl___.exe
Why strange names?
Why dynamic linking?
Why chimera build?
ENVIRONMENT
"PERLLIB_PREFIX"
"PERL_BADLANG"
"PERL_BADFREE"
"PERL_SH_DIR"
"USE_PERL_FLOCK"
"TMP" or "TEMP"
Evolution
Text-mode filehandles
Priorities
DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", . from "LIBPATH"

DLL forwarder generation
Threading
Calls to external programs
Memory allocation
Threads
"COND_WAIT", os2.c

BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

perlos390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tools
Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
Configure Perl on OS/390
Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
HISTORY

perlos400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
Known Problems
Perl on ILE
AUTHORS

perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Invoking Perl
What's in Plan 9 Perl
What's not in Plan 9 Perl
Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
Signals in Plan 9 Perl
COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
BUGS
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlqnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
DESCRIPTION
Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
QNX auxiliary files
qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
Cross-compilation
AUTHOR

perlriscos - Perl version 5 for RISC OS
DESCRIPTION
BUILD
AUTHOR

perlsolaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
DESCRIPTION
Solaris Version Numbers.
RESOURCES
Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

SETTING UP
File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
RUN CONFIGURE.
64-bit perl on Solaris.
Threads in perl on Solaris.
Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
MAKE PROBLEMS.
Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation
error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh:
ar: not found

MAKE TEST
op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
CROSS-COMPILATION
PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
BSD::Resource on Solaris
Net::SSLeay on Solaris
SunOS 4.x
AUTHOR

perlsymbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl on Symbian
Compilation problems
PerlApp
sisify.pl
Using Perl in Symbian
TO DO
WARNING
NOTE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE
HISTORY

perlsynology - Perl 5 on Synology DSM systems
DESCRIPTION
Setting up the build environment
Compiling Perl 5
Known problems
Error message "No error definitions found", "ext/DynaLoader/t/DynaLoader.t"

Smoke testing Perl 5
Adding libraries
REVISION
AUTHOR

perltru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC
OSF/1) systems
DESCRIPTION
Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
Threaded Perl on Tru64
Long Doubles on Tru64
DB_File tests failing on Tru64
64-bit Perl on Tru64
Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
Testing Perl on Tru64
ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
read_cur_obj_info: bad file magic number
AUTHOR

perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
DESCRIPTION
Installation
Organization of Perl Images
Core Images
Perl Extensions
Installing static extensions
Installing dynamic extensions
File specifications
Syntax
Filename Case
Symbolic Links
Wildcard expansion
Pipes
PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
The Perl Forked Debugger
PERL_VMS_EXCEPTION_DEBUG
Command line
I/O redirection and backgrounding
Command line switches
-i, -S, -u

Perl functions
File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, die, dump, exec
LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call),
stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

Perl variables
%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
SDBM_File
Revision date
AUTHOR

perlvos - Perl for Stratus OpenVOS
SYNOPSIS
BUILDING PERL FOR OPENVOS
INSTALLING PERL IN OPENVOS
USING PERL IN OPENVOS
Restrictions of Perl on OpenVOS
TEST STATUS
SUPPORT STATUS
AUTHOR
LAST UPDATE

perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
<http://mingw.org>, <http://mingw-w64.org>

Setting Up Perl on Windows
Make, Command Shell, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual C++ 2008-2013 Express
Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition, Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit
2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, Intel C++
Compiler

Building
Testing Perl on Windows
Installation of Perl on Windows
Usage Hints for Perl on Windows
Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building
Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Notes on 64-bit Windows

Running Perl Scripts
Miscellaneous Things
BUGS AND CAVEATS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
Gary Ng <[email protected]>, Gurusamy Sarathy <[email protected]>, Nick
Ing-Simmons <[email protected]>, Jan Dubois <[email protected]>, Steve Hay
<[email protected]>

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

perlboot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION

perlbot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION

perlrepository - Links to current information on the Perl source repository
DESCRIPTION

perltodo - Link to the Perl to-do list
DESCRIPTION

perltooc - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION

perltoot - Links to information on object-oriented programming in Perl
DESCRIPTION

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

arybase - Set indexing base via $[
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What "import" does
Built-in Attributes
lvalue, method, prototype(..), locked, const, shared, unique

Available Subroutines
get, reftype

Package-specific Attribute Handling
FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

Syntax of Attribute Lists
EXPORTS
Default exports
Available exports
Export tags defined
EXAMPLES
MORE EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO

autodie - Replace functions with ones that succeed or die with lexical scope
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXCEPTIONS
CATEGORIES
FUNCTION SPECIFIC NOTES
print
flock
system/exec
GOTCHAS
DIAGNOSTICS
:void cannot be used with lexical scope, No user hints defined for %s

BUGS
autodie and string eval
REPORTING BUGS
FEEDBACK
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

autodie::Scope::Guard - Wrapper class for calling subs at end of scope
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE

autodie::Scope::GuardStack - Hook stack for managing scopes via %^H
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE

autodie::ScopeUtil - Utilities for managing %^H scopes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
AUTHOR
LICENSE

autodie::exception - Exceptions from autodying functions.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Common Methods
Advanced methods
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR

autodie::exception::system - Exceptions from autodying system().
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
stringify
LICENSE
AUTHOR

autodie::hints - Provide hints about user subroutines to autodie
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
What are hints?
Example hints
Manually setting hints from within your program
Adding hints to your module
Insisting on hints
Diagnostics
Attempts to set_hints_for unidentifiable subroutine, fail hints cannot be provided
with either scalar or list hints for %s, %s hint missing for %s

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

autodie::skip - Skip a package when throwing autodie exceptions
SYNPOSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

base - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Base class package "%s" is empty, Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself

HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO

bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use integer vs. use bigint
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, hex, oct, l, lib, try or only, v or
version

Math Library
Internal Format
Sign
Method calls
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

CAVEATS
Operator vs literal overloading, ranges, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version

Methods
Caveats
inf(), NaN(), e, PI(), bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

Math Library
INTERNAL FORMAT
SIGN
CAVEATS
Operator vs literal overloading, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

MODULES USED
EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Modules Used
Math Library
Sign
Methods
inf(), NaN(), e, PI, bexp(), bpi(), upgrade(), in_effect()

MATH LIBRARY
Caveat
Options
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, hex, oct, v or version

CAVEATS
Operator vs literal overloading, in_effect(), hex()/oct()

EXAMPLES
LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics
NOTICE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO

charnames - access to Unicode character names and named character sequences; also define
character names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LOOSE MATCHES
ALIASES
CUSTOM ALIASES
charnames::string_vianame(name)
charnames::vianame(name)
charnames::viacode(code)
CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
BUGS

constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
List constants
Defining multiple constants at once
Magic constants
TECHNICAL NOTES
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

deprecate - Perl pragma for deprecating the core version of a module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "diagnostics" Pragma
The splain Program
EXAMPLES
INTERNALS
BUGS
AUTHOR

encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ASCII and non-UTF-8
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"use encoding ['ENCNAME'] ;", "use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;", "no encoding;"

OPTIONS
Setting "STDIN" and/or "STDOUT" individually
The ":locale" sub-pragma
CAVEATS
SIDE EFFECTS
DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
Prior to Perl v5.22
Prior to Encode version 1.87
Prior to Perl v5.8.1
"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, "tr///", Legend of characters above

EXAMPLE - Greekperl
BUGS
Thread safety, Can't be used by more than one module in a single program, Other
modules using "STDIN" and "STDOUT" get the encoded stream, literals in regex that are
longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, "format", See also "CAVEATS"

HISTORY
SEE ALSO

encoding::warnings - Warn on implicit encoding conversions
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overview of the problem
Detecting the problem
Solving the problem
Upgrade both sides to unicode-strings, Downgrade both sides to byte-strings,
Specify the encoding for implicit byte-string upgrading, PerlIO layers for STDIN
and STDOUT, Literal conversions, Implicit upgrading for byte-strings

CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

experimental - Experimental features made easy
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Ordering matters
Disclaimer
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

feature - Perl pragma to enable new features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Lexical effect
"no feature"
AVAILABLE FEATURES
The 'say' feature
The 'state' feature
The 'switch' feature
The 'unicode_strings' feature
The 'unicode_eval' and 'evalbytes' features
The 'current_sub' feature
The 'array_base' feature
The 'fc' feature
The 'lexical_subs' feature
The 'postderef' and 'postderef_qq' features
The 'signatures' feature
The 'refaliasing' feature
The 'bitwise' feature
FEATURE BUNDLES
IMPLICIT LOADING

fields - compile-time class fields
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new, phash

SEE ALSO

filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Consider this carefully
The "access" sub-pragma
Limitation with regard to "_"

if - "use" a Perl module if a condition holds (also can "no" a module)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

less - perl pragma to request less of something
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FOR MODULE AUTHORS
"BOOLEAN = less->of( FEATURE )"
"FEATURES = less->of()"
CAVEATS
This probably does nothing, This works only on 5.10+

lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Adding directories to @INC
Deleting directories from @INC
Restoring original @INC
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

locale - Perl pragma to use or avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

mro - Method Resolution Order
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
The C3 MRO
What is C3?
How does C3 work
Functions
mro::get_linear_isa($classname[, $type])
mro::set_mro ($classname, $type)
mro::get_mro($classname)
mro::get_isarev($classname)
mro::is_universal($classname)
mro::invalidate_all_method_caches()
mro::method_changed_in($classname)
mro::get_pkg_gen($classname)
next::method
next::can
maybe::next::method
SEE ALSO
The original Dylan paper
<http://haahr.tempdomainname.com/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html>

Pugs
Parrot
<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768>

Python 2.3 MRO related links
<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html>,
<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro>

Class::C3
Class::C3

AUTHOR

ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CC0 1.0 Universal

open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
SEE ALSO

ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

overload - Package for overloading Perl operations
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Fundamentals
Overloadable Operations
"not", "neg", "++", "--", Assignments, Non-mutators with a mutator variant, "int",
String, numeric, boolean, and regexp conversions, Iteration, File tests, Matching,
Dereferencing, Special

Magic Autogeneration
Special Keys for "use overload"
defined, but FALSE, "undef", TRUE

How Perl Chooses an Operator Implementation
Losing Overloading
Inheritance and Overloading
Method names in the "use overload" directive, Overloading of an operation is
inherited by derived classes

Run-time Overloading
Public Functions
overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)

Overloading Constants
integer, float, binary, q, qr

IMPLEMENTATION
COOKBOOK
Two-face Scalars
Two-face References
Symbolic Calculator
Really Symbolic Calculator
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
DIAGNOSTICS
Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, '%s' is not an overloadable type, '%s'
is not a code reference, overload arg '%s' is invalid

BUGS AND PITFALLS

overloading - perl pragma to lexically control overloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"no overloading", "no overloading @ops", "use overloading", "use overloading @ops"

parent - Establish an ISA relationship with base classes at compile time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Class 'Foo' tried to inherit from itself

HISTORY
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
'taint' mode
'eval' mode
'strict' mode
'/flags' mode
'debug' mode
'Debug' mode
Compile related options, COMPILE, PARSE, OPTIMISE, TRIEC, DUMP, FLAGS, TEST,
Execute related options, EXECUTE, MATCH, TRIEE, INTUIT, Extra debugging options,
EXTRA, BUFFERS, TRIEM, STATE, STACK, GPOS, OPTIMISEM, OFFSETS, OFFSETSDBG, Other
useful flags, ALL, All, MORE, More

Exportable Functions
is_regexp($ref), regexp_pattern($ref), regmust($ref), regname($name,$all),
regnames($all), regnames_count()

SEE ALSO

sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
SIGNAL HANDLERS
stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

SIGNAL LISTS
normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals

OTHER
untrapped, any, signal, number

EXAMPLES

sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"

HISTORY

subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

threads - Perl interpreter-based threads
VERSION
WARNING
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$thr = threads->create(FUNCTION, ARGS), $thr->join(), $thr->detach(),
threads->detach(), threads->self(), $thr->tid(), threads->tid(), "$thr",
threads->object($tid), threads->yield(), threads->list(), threads->list(threads::all),
threads->list(threads::running), threads->list(threads::joinable),
$thr1->equal($thr2), async BLOCK;, $thr->error(), $thr->_handle(), threads->_handle()

EXITING A THREAD
threads->exit(), threads->exit(status), die(), exit(status), use threads 'exit' =>
'threads_only', threads->create({'exit' => 'thread_only'}, ...),
$thr->set_thread_exit_only(boolean), threads->set_thread_exit_only(boolean)

THREAD STATE
$thr->is_running(), $thr->is_joinable(), $thr->is_detached(), threads->is_detached()

THREAD CONTEXT
Explicit context
Implicit context
$thr->wantarray()
threads->wantarray()
THREAD STACK SIZE
threads->get_stack_size();, $size = $thr->get_stack_size();, $old_size =
threads->set_stack_size($new_size);, use threads ('stack_size' => VALUE);,
$ENV{'PERL5_ITHREADS_STACK_SIZE'}, threads->create({'stack_size' => VALUE}, FUNCTION,
ARGS), $thr2 = $thr1->create(FUNCTION, ARGS)

THREAD SIGNALLING
$thr->kill('SIG...');

WARNINGS
Perl exited with active threads:, Thread creation failed: pthread_create returned #,
Thread # terminated abnormally: .., Using minimum thread stack size of #, Thread
creation failed: pthread_attr_setstacksize(SIZE) returned 22

ERRORS
This Perl not built to support threads, Cannot change stack size of an existing
thread, Cannot signal threads without safe signals, Unrecognized signal name: ..

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
Thread-safe modules, Using non-thread-safe modules, Memory consumption, Current
working directory, Environment variables, Catching signals, Parent-child threads,
Creating threads inside special blocks, Unsafe signals, Perl has been built with
"PERL_OLD_SIGNALS" (see "perl -V"), The environment variable "PERL_SIGNALS" is set to
"unsafe" (see "PERL_SIGNALS" in perlrun), The module Perl::Unsafe::Signals is used,
Returning closures from threads, Returning objects from threads, END blocks in
threads, Open directory handles, Perl Bugs and the CPAN Version of threads

REQUIREMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
FUNCTIONS
share VARIABLE, shared_clone REF, is_shared VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait
VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT,
cond_timedwait CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast
VARIABLE

OBJECTS
NOTES
WARNINGS
cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable, cond_signal() called on unlocked
variable

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Utility functions
"$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string)", "$success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
$fail_ok])", "utf8::encode($string)", "$success = utf8::decode($string)",
"$unicode = utf8::native_to_unicode($code_point)", "$native =
utf8::unicode_to_native($code_point)", "$flag = utf8::is_utf8($string)", "$flag =
utf8::valid($string)"

BUGS
SEE ALSO

vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

version - Perl extension for Version Objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS
Decimal Versions, Dotted Decimal Versions

DECLARING VERSIONS
How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
How to "declare()" a dotted-decimal version
PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS
How to "parse()" a version
How to check for a legal version string
"is_lax()", "is_strict()"

How to compare version objects
OBJECT METHODS
is_alpha()
is_qv()
normal()
numify()
stringify()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
qv()
is_lax()
is_strict()
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

version::Internals - Perl extension for Version Objects
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS A VERSION?
Decimal Versions, Dotted-Decimal Versions

Decimal Versions
Dotted-Decimal Versions
Alpha Versions
Regular Expressions for Version Parsing
$version::LAX, $version::STRICT, v1.234.5

IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
Equivalence between Decimal and Dotted-Decimal Versions
Quoting Rules
What about v-strings?
Version Object Internals
original, qv, alpha, version

Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
USAGE DETAILS
Using modules that use version.pm
Decimal versions always work, Dotted-Decimal version work sometimes

Object Methods
new(), qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison operators,
Logical Operators

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"

SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
What's wrong with -w and $^W
Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-w , -W , -X

Backward Compatibility
Category Hierarchy
Fatal Warnings
Reporting Warnings from a Module
FUNCTIONS
use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
warnings::enabled($object), warnings::fatal_enabled(),
warnings::fatal_enabled($category), warnings::fatal_enabled($object),
warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object,
$message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
warnings::warnif($object, $message), warnings::register_categories(@names)

warnings::register - warnings import function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DBM Comparisons
[0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

App::Cpan - easily interact with CPAN from the command line
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Options
-a, -A module [ module ... ], -c module, -C module [ module ... ], -D module [
module ... ], -f, -F, -g module [ module ... ], -G module [ module ... ], -h, -i,
-I, -j Config.pm, -J, -l, -L author [ author ... ], -m, -M mirror1,mirror2,.., -n,
-O, -p, -P, -r, -t, -T, -u, -v, -V, -w

Examples
Environment variables
NONINTERACTIVE_TESTING, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, CPAN_OPTS, CPANSCRIPT_LOGLEVEL,
GIT_COMMAND

Methods

run()

EXIT VALUES
TO DO
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
CREDITS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

App::Prove - Implements the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Attributes
"archive", "argv", "backwards", "blib", "color", "directives", "dry", "exec",
"extensions", "failures", "comments", "formatter", "harness", "ignore_exit",
"includes", "jobs", "lib", "merge", "modules", "parse", "plugins", "quiet",
"really_quiet", "recurse", "rules", "show_count", "show_help", "show_man",
"show_version", "shuffle", "state", "state_class", "taint_fail", "taint_warn",
"test_args", "timer", "verbose", "warnings_fail", "warnings_warn", "tapversion",
"trap"

PLUGINS
Sample Plugin
SEE ALSO

App::Prove::State - State storage for the "prove" command.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"store", "extensions" (optional), "result_class" (optional)

"result_class"
"extensions"
"results"
"commit"
Instance Methods
"last", "failed", "passed", "all", "hot", "todo", "slow", "fast", "new", "old", "save"

App::Prove::State::Result - Individual test suite results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"state_version"
"test_class"

App::Prove::State::Result::Test - Individual test results.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods

Archive::Tar - module for manipulations of tar archives
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Object Methods
Archive::Tar->new( [$file, $compressed] )
$tar->read ( $filename|$handle, [$compressed, {opt => 'val'}] )
limit, filter, md5, extract

$tar->contains_file( $filename )
$tar->extract( [@filenames] )
$tar->extract_file( $file, [$extract_path] )
$tar->list_files( [\@properties] )
$tar->get_files( [@filenames] )
$tar->get_content( $file )
$tar->replace_content( $file, $content )
$tar->rename( $file, $new_name )
$tar->chmod( $file, $mode )
$tar->chown( $file, $uname [, $gname] )
$tar->remove (@filenamelist)
$tar->clear
$tar->write ( [$file, $compressed, $prefix] )
$tar->add_files( @filenamelist )
$tar->add_data ( $filename, $data, [$opthashref] )
FILE, HARDLINK, SYMLINK, CHARDEV, BLOCKDEV, DIR, FIFO, SOCKET

$tar->error( [$BOOL] )
$tar->setcwd( $cwd );
Class Methods
Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, $compressed, @filelist)
Archive::Tar->iter( $filename, [ $compressed, {opt => $val} ] )
Archive::Tar->list_archive($file, $compressed, [\@properties])
Archive::Tar->extract_archive($file, $compressed)
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_io_string
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_perlio
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_zlib_support
$bool = Archive::Tar->has_bzip2_support
Archive::Tar->can_handle_compressed_files
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Archive::Tar::FOLLOW_SYMLINK
$Archive::Tar::CHOWN
$Archive::Tar::CHMOD
$Archive::Tar::SAME_PERMISSIONS
$Archive::Tar::DO_NOT_USE_PREFIX
$Archive::Tar::DEBUG
$Archive::Tar::WARN
$Archive::Tar::error
$Archive::Tar::INSECURE_EXTRACT_MODE
$Archive::Tar::HAS_PERLIO
$Archive::Tar::HAS_IO_STRING
$Archive::Tar::ZERO_PAD_NUMBERS
Tuning the way RESOLVE_SYMLINK will works
FAQ What's the minimum perl version required to run Archive::Tar?, Isn't Archive::Tar
slow?, Isn't Archive::Tar heavier on memory than /bin/tar?, Can you lazy-load data
instead?, How much memory will an X kb tar file need?, What do you do with unsupported
filetypes in an archive?, I'm using WinZip, or some other non-POSIX client, and files
are not being extracted properly!, How do I extract only files that have property X
from an archive?, How do I access .tar.Z files?, How do I handle Unicode strings?

CAVEATS
TODO
Check if passed in handles are open for read/write, Allow archives to be passed in as
string, Facilitate processing an opened filehandle of a compressed archive

SEE ALSO
The GNU tar specification, The PAX format specification, A comparison of GNU and POSIX
tar standards; "http://www.delorie.com/gnu/docs/tar/tar_114.html", GNU tar intends to
switch to POSIX compatibility, A Comparison between various tar implementations

AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT

Archive::Tar::File - a subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Accessors
name, mode, uid, gid, size, mtime, chksum, type, linkname, magic, version, uname,
gname, devmajor, devminor, prefix, raw

Methods
Archive::Tar::File->new( file => $path )
Archive::Tar::File->new( data => $path, $data, $opt )
Archive::Tar::File->new( chunk => $chunk )
$bool = $file->extract( [ $alternative_name ] )
$path = $file->full_path
$bool = $file->validate
$bool = $file->has_content
$content = $file->get_content
$cref = $file->get_content_by_ref
$bool = $file->replace_content( $content )
$bool = $file->rename( $new_name )
$bool = $file->chmod $mode)
$bool = $file->chown( $user [, $group])
Convenience methods
$file->is_file, $file->is_dir, $file->is_hardlink, $file->is_symlink,
$file->is_chardev, $file->is_blockdev, $file->is_fifo, $file->is_socket,
$file->is_longlink, $file->is_label, $file->is_unknown

Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]

Typed lexicals
Type-specific attribute handlers
Non-interpretive attribute handlers
Phase-specific attribute handlers
Attributes as "tie" interfaces
EXAMPLES
UTILITY FUNCTIONS
findsym

DIAGNOSTICS
"Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes",
"Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word",
"Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal
error: %s symbol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"

AUTHOR
BUGS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Subroutine Stubs
Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
Package Lexicals
Not Using AutoLoader
AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
Forcing AutoLoader to Load a Function
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$keep, $check, $modtime

Multiple packages
DIAGNOSTICS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

B - The Perl Compiler Backend
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Utility Functions
Functions Returning "B::SV", "B::AV", "B::HV", and "B::CV" objects
sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
check_av, unitcheck_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv

Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)

Functions Returning "B::OP" objects or for walking op trees
main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)

Miscellaneous Utility Functions
ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), perlstring(STR),
safename(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

Exported utility variables
@optype, @specialsv_name

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
SV-RELATED CLASSES
B::SV Methods
REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref

B::IV Methods
IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

B::NV Methods
NV, NVX, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW, COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH

B::RV Methods
RV

B::PV Methods
PV, RV, PVX, CUR, LEN

B::PVMG Methods
MAGIC, SvSTASH

B::MAGIC Methods
MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

B::PVLV Methods
TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

B::BM Methods
USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

B::REGEXP Methods
REGEX, precomp, qr_anoncv, compflags

B::GV Methods
is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE,
FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS, GPFLAGS

B::IO Methods
LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD

B::AV Methods
FILL, MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, OFF, AvFLAGS

B::CV Methods
STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY,
CvFLAGS, const_sv, NAME_HEK

B::HV Methods
FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, ARRAY, PMROOT

OP-RELATED CLASSES
B::OP Methods
next, sibling, parent, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, flags, private, spare

B::UNOP Method
first

B::UNOP_AUX Methods (since 5.22)
aux_list(cv), string(cv)

B::BINOP Method
last

B::LOGOP Method
other

B::LISTOP Method
children

B::PMOP Methods
pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmflags, extflags, precomp, pmoffset, code_list,
pmregexp

B::SVOP Methods
sv, gv

B::PADOP Method
padix

B::PVOP Method
pv

B::LOOP Methods
redoop, nextop, lastop

B::COP Methods
label, stash, stashpv, stashoff (threaded only), file, cop_seq, arybase, line,
warnings, io, hints, hints_hash

B::METHOP Methods (Since Perl 5.22)
first, meth_sv

PAD-RELATED CLASSES
B::PADLIST Methods
MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, NAMES, REFCNT, id, outid

B::PADNAMELIST Methods
MAX, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, REFCNT

B::PADNAME Methods
PV, PVX, LEN, REFCNT, FLAGS, TYPE, SvSTASH, OURSTASH, PROTOCV, COP_SEQ_RANGE_LOW,
COP_SEQ_RANGE_HIGH, PARENT_PAD_INDEX, PARENT_FAKELEX_FLAGS

$B::overlay
AUTHOR

B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
OPTIONS
Options for Opcode Ordering
-basic, -exec, -tree

Options for Line-Style
-concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

Options for tree-specific formatting
-compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii

Options controlling sequence numbering
-basen, -bigendian, -littleendian

Other options
-src, -stash="somepackage", -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris =>
subref

Option Stickiness
ABBREVIATIONS
OP class abbreviations
OP flags abbreviations
FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
Special Patterns
(x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*), (?(text1#varText2)?), ~

# Variables
#var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel, #exname, #extarg,
#firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hints, #hintsval, #hyphseq, #label, #lastaddr,
#name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise, #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt,
#sibaddr, #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife, #typenum

One-Liner Command tips
perl -MO=Concise,bar foo.pl, perl -MDigest::MD5=md5 -MO=Concise,md5 -e1, perl -MPOSIX
-MO=Concise,_POSIX_ARG_MAX -e1, perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'print
_POSIX_SAVED_IDS', perl -MPOSIX -MO=Concise,a -e 'sub a{_POSIX_SAVED_IDS}', perl
-MB::Concise -e 'B::Concise::compile("-exec","-src", \%B::Concise::)->()'

Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
Example: Altering Concise Renderings
set_style()
set_style_standard($name)
add_style ()
add_callback ()
Running B::Concise::compile()
B::Concise::reset_sequence()
Errors
AUTHOR

B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR
LICENSE

B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
-d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING., -xLEVEL

USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
Synopsis
Description
new
ambient_pragmas
strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits, %^H

coderef2text
BUGS
AUTHOR

B::Op_private - OP op_private flag definitions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
%bits
%defines
%labels
%ops_using

B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
OPTIONS
SEE ALSO
TODO
AUTHOR

B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
i, &, s, r

OPTIONS
"-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"

BUGS
AUTHOR

Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
new, debug, iters

Standard Exports
timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese (
COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE,
[ FORMAT ] ] )

Optional Exports
clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ]
), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ),
enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )

:hireswallclock
Benchmark Object
cpu_p, cpu_c, cpu_a, real, iters

NOTES
EXAMPLES
INHERITANCE
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MODIFICATION HISTORY

CORE - Namespace for Perl's core routines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDING CORE FUNCTIONS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CPAN::shell([$prompt, $command]) Starting Interactive Mode
Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, "get", "make",
"test", "install", "clean" modules or distributions, "readme", "perldoc", "look"
module or distribution, "ls" author, "ls" globbing_expression, "failed",
Persistence between sessions, The "force" and the "fforce" pragma, Lockfile,
Signals

CPAN::Shell
autobundle
hosts
install_tested, is_tested

mkmyconfig
r [Module|/Regexp/]...
recent ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
recompile
report Bundle|Distribution|Module
smoke ***EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND***
upgrade [Module|/Regexp/]...
The four "CPAN::*" Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
Integrating local directories
Redirection
Plugin support ***EXPERIMENTAL***
CONFIGURATION
completion support, displaying some help: o conf help, displaying current values: o
conf [KEY], changing of scalar values: o conf KEY VALUE, changing of list values: o
conf KEY SHIFT|UNSHIFT|PUSH|POP|SPLICE|LIST, reverting to saved: o conf defaults,
saving the config: o conf commit

Config Variables
"o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option> <value>", "o conf <list
option>", "o conf <list option> [shift|pop]", "o conf <list option>
[unshift|push|splice] <list>", interactive editing: o conf init [MATCH|LIST]

CPAN::anycwd($path): Note on config variable getcwd
cwd, getcwd, fastcwd, getdcwd, backtickcwd

Note on the format of the urllist parameter
The urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
Maintaining the urllist parameter
The "requires" and "build_requires" dependency declarations
Configuration for individual distributions (Distroprefs)
Filenames
Fallback Data::Dumper and Storable
Blueprint
Language Specs
comment [scalar], cpanconfig [hash], depends [hash] *** EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***,
disabled [boolean], features [array] *** EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE ***, goto [string],
install [hash], make [hash], match [hash], patches [array], pl [hash], test [hash]

Processing Instructions
args [array], commandline, eexpect [hash], env [hash], expect [array]

Schema verification with "Kwalify"
Example Distroprefs Files
PROGRAMMER'S INTERFACE
expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

Methods in the other Classes
CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(),
CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(),
CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(),
CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(),
CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(),
CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::author,
CPAN::Distribution::pretty_id(), CPAN::Distribution::base_id(),
CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::prefs(),
CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
CPAN::Distribution::reports(), CPAN::Distribution::read_yaml(),
CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(),
CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(),
CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(),
CPAN::Module::distribution(), CPAN::Module::dslip_status(),
CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(),
CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::available_file(),
CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::available_version(),
CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
CPAN::Module::reports(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(),
CPAN::Module::userid()

Cache Manager
Bundles
PREREQUISITES
UTILITIES
Finding packages and VERSION
Debugging
o debug package.., o debug -package.., o debug all, o debug number

Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
Basic Utilities for Programmers
has_inst($module), use_inst($module), has_usable($module), instance($module),
frontend(), frontend($new_frontend)

SECURITY
Cryptographically signed modules
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT
POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
Three basic types of firewalls
http firewall, ftp firewall, One-way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade

Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
FAQ 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11), 12), 13), 14), 15), 16), 17), 18)

COMPATIBILITY
OLD PERL VERSIONS
CPANPLUS
CPANMINUS
SECURITY ADVICE
BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
TRANSLATIONS
SEE ALSO

CPAN::API::HOWTO - a recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
RECIPES
What distribution contains a particular module?
What modules does a particular distribution contain?
SEE ALSO
LICENSE
AUTHOR

CPAN::Debug - internal debugging for CPAN.pm
LICENSE

CPAN::Distroprefs -- read and match distroprefs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
a CPAN::Distroprefs::Result object, "undef", indicating that no prefs files remain to
be found

RESULTS
Common
Errors
Successes
PREFS
LICENSE

CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

auto_commit, build_cache, build_dir, build_dir_reuse, build_requires_install_policy,
cache_metadata, check_sigs, colorize_output, colorize_print, colorize_warn,
colorize_debug, commandnumber_in_prompt, connect_to_internet_ok, ftp_passive,
ftpstats_period, ftpstats_size, getcwd, halt_on_failure, histfile, histsize,
inactivity_timeout, index_expire, inhibit_startup_message, keep_source_where,
load_module_verbosity, makepl_arg, make_arg, make_install_arg, make_install_make_command,
mbuildpl_arg, mbuild_arg, mbuild_install_arg, mbuild_install_build_command, pager,
prefer_installer, prefs_dir, prerequisites_policy, randomize_urllist, recommends_policy,
scan_cache, shell, show_unparsable_versions, show_upload_date, show_zero_versions,
suggests_policy, tar_verbosity, term_is_latin, term_ornaments, test_report,
perl5lib_verbosity, prefer_external_tar, trust_test_report_history, use_prompt_default,
use_sqlite, version_timeout, yaml_load_code, yaml_module

LICENSE

CPAN::HandleConfig - internal configuration handling for CPAN.pm
"CLASS->safe_quote ITEM"
LICENSE

CPAN::Kwalify - Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
_validate($schema_name, $data, $file, $doc), yaml($schema_name)

AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Meta - the distribution metadata for a CPAN dist
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
create
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
save
meta_spec_version
effective_prereqs
should_index_file
should_index_package
features
feature
as_struct
as_string
STRING DATA
LIST DATA
MAP DATA
CUSTOM DATA
BUGS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Converter - Convert CPAN distribution metadata structures
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
convert
upgrade_fragment
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Feature - an optional feature provided by a CPAN distribution
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
identifier
description
prereqs
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::History - history of CPAN Meta Spec changes
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY
Version 2
Version 1.4
Version 1.3
Version 1.2
Version 1.1
Version 1.0
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_0 - Version 1.0 metadata specification for META.yml
PREFACE
DESCRIPTION
Format
Fields
name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted,
restrictive, distribution_type, requires, recommends, build_requires, conflicts,
dynamic_config, generated_by

Related Projects
DOAP

History

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_1 - Version 1.1 metadata specification for META.yml
PREFACE
DESCRIPTION
Format
Fields
name, version, license, perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted,
restrictive, license_uri, distribution_type, private, requires, recommends,
build_requires, conflicts, dynamic_config, generated_by

Ingy's suggestions
short_description, description, maturity, author_id, owner_id, categorization,
keyword, chapter_id, URL for further information, namespaces

History

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_2 - Version 1.2 metadata specification for META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module

VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
perl, gpl, lgpl, artistic, bsd, open_source, unrestricted, restrictive

distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker

generated_by
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December
9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_3 - Version 1.3 metadata specification for META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
Module::Build design plans, Not keen on YAML, META Concerns

TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module

HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive,
unrestricted

distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker

generated_by
VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December
9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005

CPAN::Meta::History::Meta_1_4 - Version 1.4 metadata specification for META.yml
PREFACE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT
Module::Build design plans, Not keen on YAML, META Concerns

TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module

HEADER
FIELDS
meta-spec
name
version
abstract
author
license
apache, artistic, bsd, gpl, lgpl, mit, mozilla, open_source, perl, restrictive,
unrestricted

distribution_type
requires
recommends
build_requires
configure_requires
conflicts
dynamic_config
private
provides
no_index
keywords
resources
homepage, license, bugtracker

generated_by
VERSION SPECIFICATIONS
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
March 14, 2003 (Pi day), May 8, 2003, November 13, 2003, November 16, 2003, December
9, 2003, December 15, 2003, July 26, 2005, August 23, 2005, June 12, 2007

CPAN::Meta::Merge - Merging CPAN Meta fragments
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
merge(@fragments)
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Prereqs - a set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
requirements_for
with_merged_prereqs
merged_requirements
as_string_hash
is_finalized
finalize
clone
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Requirements - a set of version requirements for a CPAN dist
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
add_minimum
add_maximum
add_exclusion
exact_version
add_requirements
accepts_module
clear_requirement
requirements_for_module
required_modules
clone
is_simple
is_finalized
finalize
as_string_hash
add_string_requirement
>= 1.3, <= 1.3, != 1.3, > 1.3, < 1.3, >= 1.3, != 1.5, <= 2.0

from_string_hash
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Spec - specification for CPAN distribution metadata
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
distribution, module, package, consumer, producer, must, should, may, etc

DATA TYPES
Boolean
String
List
Map
License String
URL
Version
Version Range
STRUCTURE
REQUIRED FIELDS
version, url, stable, testing, unstable

OPTIONAL FIELDS
file, directory, package, namespace, description, prereqs, file, version,
homepage, license, bugtracker, repository

DEPRECATED FIELDS
VERSION NUMBERS
Version Formats
Decimal versions, Dotted-integer versions

Version Ranges
PREREQUISITES
Prereq Spec
configure, build, test, runtime, develop, requires, recommends, suggests,
conflicts

Merging and Resolving Prerequisites
SERIALIZATION
NOTES FOR IMPLEMENTORS
Extracting Version Numbers from Perl Modules
Comparing Version Numbers
Prerequisites for dynamically configured distributions
Indexing distributions a la PAUSE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::Validator - validate CPAN distribution metadata structures
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
is_valid
errors
Check Methods
Validator Methods
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

CPAN::Meta::YAML - Read and write a subset of YAML for CPAN Meta files
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORT
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

new( LOCAL_FILE_NAME )

continents()

countries( [CONTINENTS] )

mirrors( [COUNTRIES] )

get_mirrors_by_countries( [COUNTRIES] )

get_mirrors_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )

get_countries_by_continents( [CONTINENTS] )

default_mirror

best_mirrors

get_n_random_mirrors_by_continents( N, [CONTINENTS] )

get_mirrors_timings( MIRROR_LIST, SEEN, CALLBACK );

find_best_continents( HASH_REF );

AUTHOR
LICENSE

CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

CPAN::Plugin - Base class for CPAN shell extensions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Alpha Status
How Plugins work?
METHODS
plugin_requires
distribution_object
distribution
distribution_info
build_dir
is_xs
AUTHOR

CPAN::Plugin::Specfile - Proof of concept implementation of a trivial CPAN::Plugin
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
AUTHOR

CPAN::Queue - internal queue support for CPAN.pm
LICENSE

CPAN::Tarzip - internal handling of tar archives for CPAN.pm
LICENSE

CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LICENSE

Carp - alternative warn and die for modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Forcing a Stack Trace
Stack Trace formatting
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$Carp::MaxEvalLen
$Carp::MaxArgLen
$Carp::MaxArgNums
$Carp::Verbose
$Carp::RefArgFormatter
@CARP_NOT
%Carp::Internal
%Carp::CarpInternal
$Carp::CarpLevel
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The "struct()" function
Class Creation at Compile Time
Element Types and Accessor Methods
Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name'
or '*Class_Name')

Initializing with "new"
EXAMPLES
Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

Author and Modification History

Compress::Raw::Bzip2 - Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bzip2 $appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor;
$appendOutput, $blockSize100k, $workfactor

$status = $bz->bzdeflate($input, $output);
$status = $bz->bzflush($output);
$status = $bz->bzclose($output);
Example
Uncompression
($z, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Bunzip2 $appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small,
$verbosity, $limitOutput;
$appendOutput, $consumeInput, $small, $limitOutput, $verbosity

$status = $z->bzinflate($input, $output);
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Bzip2::bzlibversion();
Constants
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Compress::Raw::Zlib - Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate
($d, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Deflate( [OPT] )
-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize,
-AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32

$status = $d->deflate($input, $output)
$status = $d->flush($output [, $flush_type])
$status = $d->deflateReset()
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])
-Level, -Strategy, -BufSize

$status = $d->deflateTune($good_length, $max_lazy, $nice_length, $max_chain)
$d->dict_adler()
$d->crc32()
$d->adler32()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
$d->get_Strategy()
$d->get_Level()
$d->get_BufSize()
Example
Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate
($i, $status) = new Compress::Raw::Zlib::Inflate( [OPT] )
-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary, -AppendOutput, -CRC32, -ADLER32,
-ConsumeInput, -LimitOutput

$status = $i->inflate($input, $output [,$eof])
$status = $i->inflateSync($input)
$status = $i->inflateReset()
$i->dict_adler()
$i->crc32()
$i->adler32()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
$d->get_BufSize()
Examples
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlib_version();
my $flags = Compress::Raw::Zlib::zlibCompileFlags();
The LimitOutput option.
ACCESSING ZIP FILES
FAQ
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
Zlib Library Version Support
CONSTANTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Notes for users of Compress::Zlib version 1
GZIP INTERFACE
$gz = gzopen($filename, $mode), $gz = gzopen($filehandle, $mode), $bytesread =
$gz->gzread($buffer [, $size]) ;, $bytesread = $gz->gzreadline($line) ;, $byteswritten
= $gz->gzwrite($buffer) ;, $status = $gz->gzflush($flush_type) ;, $offset =
$gz->gztell() ;, $status = $gz->gzseek($offset, $whence) ;, $gz->gzclose,
$gz->gzsetparams($level, $strategy, $level, $strategy, $gz->gzerror, $gzerrno

Examples
Compress::Zlib::memGzip
Compress::Zlib::memGunzip
COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS
$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;, $dest = uncompress($source) ;

Deflate Interface
($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )
-Level, -Method, -WindowBits, -MemLevel, -Strategy, -Dictionary, -Bufsize

($out, $status) = $d->deflate($buffer)
($out, $status) = $d->flush() =head2 ($out, $status) = $d->flush($flush_type)
$status = $d->deflateParams([OPT])
-Level, -Strategy

$d->dict_adler()
$d->msg()
$d->total_in()
$d->total_out()
Example
Inflate Interface
($i, $status) = inflateInit()
-WindowBits, -Bufsize, -Dictionary

($out, $status) = $i->inflate($buffer)
$status = $i->inflateSync($buffer)
$i->dict_adler()
$i->msg()
$i->total_in()
$i->total_out()
Example
CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS
Misc
my $version = Compress::Zlib::zlib_version();
CONSTANTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Config - access Perl configuration information
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names), bincompat_options(),
non_bincompat_options(), compile_date(), local_patches(), header_files()

EXAMPLE
WARNING
GLOSSARY
_

"_a", "_exe", "_o"

a

"afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname", "api_revision",
"api_subversion", "api_version", "api_versionstring", "ar", "archlib", "archlibexp",
"archname", "archname64", "archobjs", "asctime_r_proto", "awk"

b

"baserev", "bash", "bin", "bin_ELF", "binexp", "bison", "byacc", "byteorder"

c

"c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags", "ccflags",
"ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion", "cf_by", "cf_email",
"cf_time", "charbits", "charsize", "chgrp", "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm",
"compress", "config_arg0", "config_argc", "config_args", "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp",
"cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags", "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin",
"cppsymbols", "crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "ctermid_r_proto", "ctime_r_proto"

d

"d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_acosh", "d_aintl", "d_alarm", "d_archlib",
"d_asctime64", "d_asctime_r", "d_asinh", "d_atanh", "d_atolf", "d_atoll",
"d_attribute_deprecated", "d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc",
"d_attribute_nonnull", "d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure", "d_attribute_unused",
"d_attribute_warn_unused_result", "d_backtrace", "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bsd",
"d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp", "d_builtin_choose_expr", "d_builtin_expect", "d_bzero",
"d_c99_variadic_macros", "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_cbrt", "d_charvspr", "d_chown",
"d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class", "d_clearenv", "d_closedir", "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_const",
"d_copysign", "d_copysignl", "d_cplusplus", "d_crypt", "d_crypt_r", "d_csh", "d_ctermid",
"d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime64", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid", "d_dbl_dig", "d_dbminitproto",
"d_difftime", "d_difftime64", "d_dir_dd_fd", "d_dirfd", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dladdr",
"d_dlerror", "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto",
"d_dup2", "d_eaccess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r", "d_endhent", "d_endhostent_r",
"d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r", "d_endpent", "d_endprotoent_r", "d_endpwent",
"d_endpwent_r", "d_endsent", "d_endservent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_erf", "d_erfc", "d_eunice",
"d_exp2", "d_expm1", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir", "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl",
"d_fcntl_can_lock", "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fdim", "d_fds_bits", "d_fegetround",
"d_fgetpos", "d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flockproto", "d_fma",
"d_fmax", "d_fmin", "d_fork", "d_fp_class", "d_fp_classify", "d_fp_classl", "d_fpathconf",
"d_fpclass", "d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpgetround", "d_fpos64_t", "d_frexpl",
"d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos", "d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello",
"d_ftime", "d_futimes", "d_Gconvert", "d_gdbm_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes",
"d_gdbmndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_getaddrinfo", "d_getcwd", "d_getespwnam",
"d_getfsstat", "d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r", "d_getgrps",
"d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent", "d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r",
"d_gethostbyname_r", "d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlogin",
"d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent", "d_getnameinfo", "d_getnbyaddr",
"d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnetbyaddr_r", "d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r",
"d_getnetprotos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_getpent",
"d_getpgid", "d_getpgrp", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getppid", "d_getprior", "d_getprotobyname_r",
"d_getprotobynumber_r", "d_getprotoent_r", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam",
"d_getpwent", "d_getpwent_r", "d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_getsbyname",
"d_getsbyport", "d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r", "d_getservbyport_r", "d_getservent_r",
"d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r", "d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime64",
"d_gmtime_r", "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl", "d_hypot", "d_ilogb",
"d_ilogbl", "d_inc_version_list", "d_index", "d_inetaton", "d_inetntop", "d_inetpton",
"d_int64_t", "d_ip_mreq", "d_ip_mreq_source", "d_ipv6_mreq", "d_ipv6_mreq_source",
"d_isascii", "d_isblank", "d_isfinite", "d_isfinitel", "d_isinf", "d_isinfl", "d_isnan",
"d_isnanl", "d_isnormal", "d_j0", "d_j0l", "d_killpg", "d_lc_monetary_2008", "d_lchown",
"d_ldbl_dig", "d_ldexpl", "d_lgamma", "d_lgamma_r", "d_libm_lib_version",
"d_libname_unique", "d_link", "d_llrint", "d_llrintl", "d_llround", "d_llroundl",
"d_localtime64", "d_localtime_r", "d_localtime_r_needs_tzset", "d_locconv", "d_lockf",
"d_log1p", "d_log2", "d_logb", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lrint", "d_lrintl",
"d_lround", "d_lroundl", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat", "d_madvise", "d_malloc_good_size",
"d_malloc_size", "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memchr", "d_memcmp", "d_memcpy",
"d_memmove", "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps",
"d_mktime", "d_mktime64", "d_mmap", "d_modfl", "d_modfl_pow32_bug", "d_modflproto",
"d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek",
"d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget", "d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync",
"d_munmap", "d_mymalloc", "d_nan", "d_ndbm", "d_ndbm_h_uses_prototypes", "d_nearbyint",
"d_nextafter", "d_nexttoward", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo", "d_nv_preserves_uv",
"d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t", "d_old_pthread_create_joinable",
"d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock", "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_otherlibdirs",
"d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll", "d_portable", "d_prctl", "d_prctl_set_name",
"d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl", "d_PRIgldbl",
"d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64", "d_printf_format_null", "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64",
"d_PRIXU64", "d_procselfexe", "d_pseudofork", "d_pthread_atfork",
"d_pthread_attr_setscope", "d_pthread_yield", "d_ptrdiff_t", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange",
"d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota",
"d_qgcvt", "d_quad", "d_random_r", "d_re_comp", "d_readdir", "d_readdir64_r",
"d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv", "d_recvmsg", "d_regcmp", "d_regcomp",
"d_remainder", "d_remquo", "d_rename", "d_rewinddir", "d_rint", "d_rmdir", "d_round",
"d_safebcpy", "d_safemcpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto", "d_scalbn", "d_scalbnl",
"d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl", "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem",
"d_semctl", "d_semctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop", "d_sendmsg",
"d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent", "d_setgrent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent",
"d_sethostent_r", "d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale", "d_setlocale_r",
"d_setnent", "d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid", "d_setpgrp", "d_setpgrp2",
"d_setprior", "d_setproctitle", "d_setprotoent_r", "d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r",
"d_setregid", "d_setresgid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid", "d_setruid",
"d_setsent", "d_setservent_r", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf", "d_shm", "d_shmat",
"d_shmatprototype", "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction", "d_signbit",
"d_sigprocmask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sin6_scope_id", "d_sitearch", "d_snprintf",
"d_sockaddr_in6", "d_sockaddr_sa_len", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto", "d_socket",
"d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init", "d_sprintf_returns_strlen", "d_sqrtl",
"d_srand48_r", "d_srandom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto", "d_stat", "d_statblks",
"d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s", "d_static_inline", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval",
"d_stdio_ptr_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt",
"d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdstdio", "d_strchr", "d_strcoll",
"d_strctcpy", "d_strerrm", "d_strerror", "d_strerror_r", "d_strftime", "d_strlcat",
"d_strlcpy", "d_strtod", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq", "d_strtoul",
"d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suidsafe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall",
"d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf", "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp",
"d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir", "d_telldirproto", "d_tgamma", "d_time", "d_timegm", "d_times",
"d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone", "d_tmpnam_r", "d_trunc", "d_truncate", "d_truncl",
"d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align", "d_ualarm", "d_umask", "d_uname",
"d_union_semun", "d_unordered", "d_unsetenv", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto", "d_ustat",
"d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vendorscript", "d_vfork",
"d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty", "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_vsnprintf",
"d_wait4", "d_waitpid", "d_wcscmp", "d_wcstombs", "d_wcsxfrm", "d_wctomb", "d_writev",
"d_xenix", "date", "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major", "db_version_minor",
"db_version_patch", "direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublekind", "doublesize",
"drand01", "drand48_r_proto", "dtrace", "dynamic_ext"

e

"eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "endgrent_r_proto", "endhostent_r_proto",
"endnetent_r_proto", "endprotoent_r_proto", "endpwent_r_proto", "endservent_r_proto",
"eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions", "extern_C", "extras"

f

"fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex", "fpossize", "fpostype",
"freetype", "from", "full_ar", "full_csh", "full_sed"

g

"gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "getgrent_r_proto", "getgrgid_r_proto",
"getgrnam_r_proto", "gethostbyaddr_r_proto", "gethostbyname_r_proto",
"gethostent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto", "getnetbyaddr_r_proto", "getnetbyname_r_proto",
"getnetent_r_proto", "getprotobyname_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto",
"getprotoent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto", "getpwuid_r_proto",
"getservbyname_r_proto", "getservbyport_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto",
"getspnam_r_proto", "gidformat", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake",
"gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat", "groupstype", "gzip"

h

"h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "hostgenerate", "hostosname", "hostperl",
"html1dir", "html1direxp", "html3dir", "html3direxp"

i

"i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size", "i64type", "i8size", "i8type",
"i_arpainet", "i_assert", "i_bfd", "i_bsdioctl", "i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent",
"i_dlfcn", "i_execinfo", "i_fcntl", "i_fenv", "i_float", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm",
"i_gdbm_ndbm", "i_gdbmndbm", "i_grp", "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo", "i_libutil",
"i_limits", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_mallocmalloc", "i_math", "i_memory",
"i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll",
"i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_quadmath", "i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow",
"i_socks", "i_stdarg", "i_stdbool", "i_stddef", "i_stdint", "i_stdlib", "i_string",
"i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sysfile", "i_sysfilio", "i_sysin",
"i_sysioctl", "i_syslog", "i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir",
"i_sysparam", "i_syspoll", "i_sysresrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio",
"i_sysstat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime", "i_systimek", "i_systimes",
"i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysutsname", "i_sysvfs", "i_syswait", "i_termio",
"i_termios", "i_time", "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values", "i_varargs",
"i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_versioned_solibs", "inc_version_list",
"inc_version_list_init", "incpath", "incpth", "inews", "initialinstalllocation",
"installarchlib", "installbin", "installhtml1dir", "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir",
"installman3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp", "installprivlib", "installscript",
"installsitearch", "installsitebin", "installsitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir",
"installsitelib", "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir", "installsitescript",
"installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installvendorarch", "installvendorbin",
"installvendorhtml1dir", "installvendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib",
"installvendorman1dir", "installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize",
"issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype"

k

"known_extensions", "ksh"

l

"ld", "ld_can_script", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselargefiles", "ldlibpthname",
"less", "lib_ext", "libc", "libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles",
"libsfound", "libspath", "libswanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint",
"lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth", "loclibpth", "longdblkind",
"longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp", "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"

m

"mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "mallocsrc", "malloctype",
"man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir", "man3direxp", "man3ext", "mips_type",
"mistrustnm", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "modetype", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname",
"mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname"

n

"n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type", "netdb_name_type",
"netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt", "nonxs_ext", "nroff",
"nv_overflows_integers_at", "nv_preserves_uv_bits", "nveformat", "nvEUformat",
"nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgformat", "nvGUformat", "nvsize", "nvtype"

o

"o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "optimize", "orderlib", "osname",
"osvers", "otherlibdirs"

p

"package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep", "perl", "perl5"

P

"PERL_API_REVISION", "PERL_API_SUBVERSION", "PERL_API_VERSION", "PERL_CONFIG_SH",
"PERL_PATCHLEVEL", "perl_patchlevel", "PERL_REVISION", "perl_static_inline",
"PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION", "perladmin", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg", "phostname",
"pidtype", "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp", "privlib", "privlibexp",
"procselfexe", "prototype", "ptrsize"

q

"quadkind", "quadtype"

r

"randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ranlib", "rd_nodata",
"readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto", "revision", "rm", "rm_try", "rmail", "run",
"runnm"

s

"sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc", "selectminbits",
"selecttype", "sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto", "sethostent_r_proto", "setlocale_r_proto",
"setnetent_r_proto", "setprotoent_r_proto", "setpwent_r_proto", "setservent_r_proto",
"sGMTIME_max", "sGMTIME_min", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype", "shortsize",
"shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count", "sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init",
"sig_size", "signal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp",
"sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir", "sitehtml3direxp", "sitelib",
"sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp", "siteman1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir",
"siteman3direxp", "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp",
"sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "sLOCALTIME_max", "sLOCALTIME_min", "smail", "so",
"sockethdr", "socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell", "sPRId64",
"sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRIFUldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIGUldbl",
"sPRIi64", "sPRIo64", "sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "srand48_r_proto",
"srandom_r_proto", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssizetype", "st_ino_sign", "st_ino_size",
"startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base", "stdio_bufsiz",
"stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr", "stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto",
"strings", "submit", "subversion", "sysman", "sysroot"

t

"tail", "tar", "targetarch", "targetdir", "targetenv", "targethost", "targetmkdir",
"targetport", "targetsh", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl", "timetype", "tmpnam_r_proto",
"to", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff", "ttyname_r_proto"

u

"u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type", "u64size", "u64type", "u8size", "u8type",
"uidformat", "uidsign", "uidsize", "uidtype", "uname", "uniq", "uquadtype",
"use5005threads", "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usecbacktrace", "usecrosscompile",
"usedevel", "usedl", "usedtrace", "usefaststdio", "useithreads", "usekernprocpathname",
"uselargefiles", "uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplicity",
"usemymalloc", "usenm", "usensgetexecutablepath", "useopcode", "useperlio", "useposix",
"usequadmath", "usereentrant", "userelocatableinc", "useshrplib", "usesitecustomize",
"usesocks", "usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "useversionedarchname", "usevfork", "usrinc",
"uuname", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat", "uvxformat", "uvXUformat"

v

"vaproto", "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp", "vendorhtml1dir",
"vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir", "vendorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem",
"vendorlibexp", "vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir", "vendorman3direxp",
"vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp", "vendorscript", "vendorscriptexp", "version",
"version_patchlevel_string", "versiononly", "vi"

x

"xlibpth"

y

"yacc", "yaccflags"

z

"zcat", "zip"

GIT DATA
NOTE
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
dynamic, nonxs, static

AUTHOR

Config::Perl::V - Structured data retrieval of perl -V output
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$conf = myconfig ()
$conf = plv2hash ($text [, ...])
$info = summary ([$conf])
$md5 = signature ([$conf])
The hash structure
build, osname, stamp, options, derived, patches, environment, config, inc

REASONING
BUGS
TODO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
getcwd and friends
getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd

abs_path and friends
abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path

$ENV{PWD}
NOTES
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Global Variables
$DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
$DB::lineno

API Methods
CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

Client Callback Methods
CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
CLIENT->output(LIST)

BUGS
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
What is a DBM Filter?
So what's new?
METHODS
$db->Filter_Push() / $db->Filter_Key_Push() / $db->Filter_Value_Push()
Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push

$db->Filter_Pop()
$db->Filtered()
Writing a Filter
Immediate Filters
Canned Filters
"name", params

Filters Included
utf8, encode, compress, int32, null

NOTES
Maintain Round Trip Integrity
Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
EXAMPLE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::compress - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::encode - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::int32 - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::null - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DBM_Filter::utf8 - filter for DBM_Filter
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
Interface to Berkeley DB
Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
Default Parameters
In Memory Databases
DB_HASH
A Simple Example
DB_BTREE
Changing the BTREE sort order
Handling Duplicate Keys
The get_dup() Method
The find_dup() Method
The del_dup() Method
Matching Partial Keys
DB_RECNO
The 'bval' Option
A Simple Example
Extra RECNO Methods
$X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length,
$X->splice(offset, length, elements);

Another Example
THE API INTERFACE
$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [,
$flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status =
$X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

DBM FILTERS
filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, filter_fetch_value

The Filter
An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
Another Example -- Key is a C int.
HINTS AND TIPS
Locking: The Trouble with fd
Safe ways to lock a database
Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock

Sharing Databases With C Applications
The untie() Gotcha
COMMON QUESTIONS
Why is there Perl source in my database?
How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
REFERENCES
HISTORY
BUGS
AVAILABILITY
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and "eval"
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or PACKAGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [,
ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]),
$OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset

Functions
Dumper(LIST)

Configuration Variables or Methods
Exports
Dumper

EXAMPLES
BUGS
NOTE
AUTHOR
VERSION
SEE ALSO

Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Why use ppport.h?
How to use ppport.h
Running ppport.h
FUNCTIONS
WriteFile
GetFileContents
COMPATIBILITY
Provided Perl compatibility API
Perl API not supported by ppport.h
perl 5.21.8, perl 5.21.7, perl 5.21.6, perl 5.21.5, perl 5.21.4, perl 5.21.2, perl
5.21.1, perl 5.19.10, perl 5.19.9, perl 5.19.7, perl 5.19.4, perl 5.19.3, perl
5.19.2, perl 5.19.1, perl 5.18.0, perl 5.17.9, perl 5.17.8, perl 5.17.7, perl
5.17.6, perl 5.17.4, perl 5.17.2, perl 5.15.9, perl 5.15.8, perl 5.15.7, perl
5.15.6, perl 5.15.4, perl 5.15.1, perl 5.14.0, perl 5.13.10, perl 5.13.8, perl
5.13.7, perl 5.13.6, perl 5.13.5, perl 5.13.3, perl 5.13.2, perl 5.13.1, perl
5.11.5, perl 5.11.4, perl 5.11.2, perl 5.11.1, perl 5.11.0, perl 5.10.1, perl
5.10.0, perl 5.9.5, perl 5.9.4, perl 5.9.3, perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0,
perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl
5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004, perl
5.003_07

BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Runtime debugging
Memory footprint debugging
EXAMPLES
A simple scalar string
A simple scalar number
A simple scalar with an extra reference
A reference to a simple scalar
A reference to an array
A reference to a hash
Dumping a large array or hash
A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
A reference to a subroutine
EXPORTS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
binary, hex, base64

OO INTERFACE
$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data ),
$ctx->add( $chunk1, $chunk2, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits(
$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest,
$ctx->b64digest

Digest speed
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)

METHODS
$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring),
$md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest, @ctx = $md5->context,
$md5->context(@ctx)

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHORS

Digest::SHA - Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
SYNOPSIS
SYNOPSIS (HMAC-SHA)
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
UNICODE AND SIDE EFFECTS
NIST STATEMENT ON SHA-1
PADDING OF BASE64 DIGESTS
EXPORT
EXPORTABLE FUNCTIONS
sha1($data, ...), sha224($data, ...), sha256($data, ...), sha384($data, ...),
sha512($data, ...), sha512224($data, ...), sha512256($data, ...), sha1_hex($data,
...), sha224_hex($data, ...), sha256_hex($data, ...), sha384_hex($data, ...),
sha512_hex($data, ...), sha512224_hex($data, ...), sha512256_hex($data, ...),
sha1_base64($data, ...), sha224_base64($data, ...), sha256_base64($data, ...),
sha384_base64($data, ...), sha512_base64($data, ...), sha512224_base64($data, ...),
sha512256_base64($data, ...), new($alg), reset($alg), hashsize, algorithm, clone,
add($data, ...), add_bits($data, $nbits), add_bits($bits), addfile(*FILE),
addfile($filename [, $mode]), getstate, putstate($str), dump($filename),
load($filename), digest, hexdigest, b64digest, hmac_sha1($data, $key),
hmac_sha224($data, $key), hmac_sha256($data, $key), hmac_sha384($data, $key),
hmac_sha512($data, $key), hmac_sha512224($data, $key), hmac_sha512256($data, $key),
hmac_sha1_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha256_hex($data,
$key), hmac_sha384_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha512224_hex($data, $key), hmac_sha512256_hex($data, $key),
hmac_sha1_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha224_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha256_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha384_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha512_base64($data, $key), hmac_sha512224_base64($data, $key),
hmac_sha512256_base64($data, $key)

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Digest::base - Digest base class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Digest::file - Calculate digests of files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, $algorithm,
[$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] )

SEE ALSO

DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Creation
"arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact", "globPrint",
"dumpDBFiles", "dumpPackages", "dumpReused", "tick", "quoteHighBit", "printUndef",
"usageOnly", unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

Methods
dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
veryCompact, set, get

DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules,
@dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, $dl_dlext, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(),
dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

AUTHOR

Encode - character encodings in Perl
SYNOPSIS
Table of Contents
Encode::Alias - Alias definitions to encodings, Encode::Encoding - Encode
Implementation Base Class, Encode::Supported - List of Supported Encodings,
Encode::CN - Simplified Chinese Encodings, Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings,
Encode::KR - Korean Encodings, Encode::TW - Traditional Chinese Encodings

DESCRIPTION
TERMINOLOGY
THE PERL ENCODING API
Basic methods
Listing available encodings
Defining Aliases
Finding IANA Character Set Registry names
Encoding via PerlIO
Handling Malformed Data
List of CHECK values
perlqq mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (CHECK =
Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_XMLCREF)

coderef for CHECK
Defining Encodings
The UTF8 flag
Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:

Messing with Perl's Internals
UTF-8 vs. utf8 vs. UTF8
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
COPYRIGHT

Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference,
e.g.:

Alias overloading
SEE ALSO

Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
Description
Predefined Methods
$e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]),
$e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding])

Example: base64 transcoder
Operator Overloading
SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods you should implement
->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]),
->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])

Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
->name, ->mime_name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

Example: Encode::ROT13
Why the heck Encode API is different?
Compiled Encodings
SEE ALSO
Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

Encode::GSM0338 -- ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...),
Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])

CAVEATS
TO DO
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::MIME::Name, Encode::MIME::NAME -- internally used by Encode
SEE ALSO

Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
Overview
How does it work?
Line Buffering
How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
SEE ALSO

Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
DESCRIPTION
Encoding Names
Supported Encodings
Built-in Encodings
Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the
Cyrillic world

gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
gsm0338 support before 2.19

CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K --
JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN

Miscellaneous encodings
Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess

Unsupported encodings
ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
Microsoft-related naming mess
KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

Glossary
character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES),
charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

See Also
References
ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC,
Unicode Glossary

Other Notable Sites
czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to
i18n"

Offline sources
"CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde

Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference

Size, Endianness, and BOM
by size
by endianness
BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order

Surrogate Pairs
Error Checking
SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
In Practice
SEE ALSO

English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PERFORMANCE

Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIMITATIONS
AUTHOR

Errno - System errno constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How to Export
Selecting What to Export
How to Import
"use YourModule;", "use YourModule ();", "use YourModule qw(...);"

Advanced Features
Specialised Import Lists
Exporting Without Using Exporter's import Method
Exporting Without Inheriting from Exporter
Module Version Checking
Managing Unknown Symbols
Tag Handling Utility Functions
Generating Combined Tags
"AUTOLOAD"ed Constants
Good Practices
Declaring @EXPORT_OK and Friends
Playing Safe
What Not to Export
SEE ALSO
LICENSE

Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new, have_compiler, have_cplusplus, compile, "object_file", "include_dirs",
"extra_compiler_flags", "C++", link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags,
link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, need_prelink,
extra_link_args_after_prelink

TO DO
HISTORY
SUPPORT
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows platforms
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS

cat

eqtime

rm_rf

rm_f

touch

mv

cp

chmod

mkpath

test_f

test_d

dos2unix

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
test_harness

pod2man

warn_if_old_packlist

perllocal_install

uninstall

test_s

cp_nonempty

ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF

FUNCTIONS

constant_types

XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

WriteMakefileSnippet

WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES,
PROXYSUBS, C_FH, C_FILE, XS_FH, XS_FILE, XS_SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE

header

memEQ_clause args_hashref

dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..

assign arg_hashref, VALUE..

return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM

switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

params WHAT

dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..

normalise_items args, default_type, seen_types, seen_items, ITEM..

C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre,
def_post, utf8, weight

BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
C_stringify NAME

perl_stringify NAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Constant::XS - generate C code for XS modules' constants.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
@EXPORT
FUNCTIONS
xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(),
xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
_chmod($$;$), _warnonce(@), _choke(@)

_move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan )

_unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )

Functions
_get_install_skip

_have_write_access

_can_write_dir($dir)

_mkpath($dir,$show,$verbose,$dry_run)

_copy($from,$to,$verbose,$dry_run)

_chdir($from)

install

_do_cleanup

install_rooted_file( $file ), install_rooted_dir( $dir )

forceunlink( $file, $tryhard )

directory_not_empty( $dir )

install_default DISCOURAGED

uninstall

inc_uninstall($filepath,$libdir,$verbose,$dry_run,$ignore,$results)

run_filter($cmd,$src,$dest)

pm_to_blib

_autosplit

_invokant

ENVIRONMENT
PERL_INSTALL_ROOT, EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP, EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE,
EU_INSTALL_ALWAYS_COPY

AUTHOR
LICENSE

ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
METHODS
new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), packlist(),
version()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For dynamic
extensions at load time

EXTRALIBS
LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
BSLOADLIBS
PORTABILITY
VMS implementation
Win32 implementation
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Cross-platform helper methods
Targets
Init methods
Tools
File::Spec wrappers
Misc
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_linker

ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
os_flavor

cflags

replace_manpage_separator

init_linker

maybe_command

dynamic_lib

all_target

ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Darwin - special behaviors for OS X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overriden Methods

ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

os_flavor

init_platform, platform_constants

const_cccmd

static_lib

dynamic_lib

ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
init_dist

init_linker

os_flavor

ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
os_flavor

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Methods
os_flavor

c_o (o)

cflags (o)

const_cccmd (o)

const_config (o)

const_loadlibs (o)

constants (o)

depend (o)

init_DEST

init_dist

dist (o)

dist_basics (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

dist_target

tardist_target

zipdist_target

tarfile_target

zipfile_target

uutardist_target

shdist_target

dlsyms (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

exescan

extliblist

find_perl

fixin

force (o)

guess_name

has_link_code

init_dirscan

init_MANPODS

init_MAN1PODS

init_MAN3PODS

init_PM

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main

init_tools

init_linker

init_lib2arch

init_PERL

init_platform, platform_constants

init_PERM

init_xs

install (o)

installbin (o)

linkext (o)

lsdir

macro (o)

makeaperl (o)

makefile (o)

maybe_command

needs_linking (o)

parse_abstract

parse_version

pasthru (o)

perl_script

perldepend (o)

pm_to_blib

post_constants (o)

post_initialize (o)

postamble (o)

ppd

prefixify

processPL (o)

quote_paren

replace_manpage_separator

cd

oneliner

quote_literal

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

static (o)

static_lib (o)

staticmake (o)

subdir_x (o)

subdirs (o)

test (o)

test_via_harness (override)

test_via_script (override)

tool_xsubpp (o)

all_target

top_targets (o)

writedoc

xs_c (o)

xs_cpp (o)

xs_o (o)

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods always loaded
wraplist

Methods
guess_name (override)

find_perl (override)

_fixin_replace_shebang (override)

maybe_command (override)

pasthru (override)

pm_to_blib (override)

perl_script (override)

replace_manpage_separator

init_DEST

init_DIRFILESEP

init_main (override)

init_tools (override)

init_platform (override)

platform_constants

init_VERSION (override)

constants (override)

special_targets

cflags (override)

const_cccmd (override)

tools_other (override)

init_dist (override)

c_o (override)

xs_c (override)

xs_o (override)

dlsyms (override)

dynamic_lib (override)

static_lib (override)

extra_clean_files

zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target

install (override)

perldepend (override)

makeaperl (override)

maketext_filter (override)

prefixify (override)

cd

oneliner

echo

quote_literal

escape_dollarsigns

escape_all_dollarsigns

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

init_linker

catdir (override), catfile (override)

eliminate_macros

fixpath

os_flavor

is_make_type (override)

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
dlsyms

replace_manpage_separator

maybe_command

init_DIRFILESEP

init_tools

init_others

init_platform, platform_constants

constants

special_targets

static_lib

dynamic_lib

extra_clean_files

init_linker

perl_script

quote_dep

xs_o

pasthru

arch_check (override)

oneliner

cd

max_exec_len

os_flavor

cflags

ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Overridden methods
xs_c

xs_cpp

xs_o

max_exec_len

os_flavor

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
How To Write A Makefile.PL
Default Makefile Behaviour
make test
make testdb
make install
INSTALL_BASE
PREFIX and LIB attribute
AFS users
Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
Which architecture dependent directory?
Using Attributes and Parameters
ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, BUILD_REQUIRES, C, CCFLAGS,
CONFIG, CONFIGURE, CONFIGURE_REQUIRES, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME,
DLEXT, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL,
FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT,
INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR,
INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLSITESCRIPT, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR,
INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR,
INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LICENSE, LINKTYPE,
MAGICXS, MAKE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, META_ADD,
META_MERGE, MIN_PERL_VERSION, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS,
NO_META, NO_MYMETA, NO_PACKLIST, NO_PERLLOCAL, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_DIR, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM,
PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT,
PPM_UNINSTALL_EXEC, PPM_UNINSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM,
PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TEST_REQUIRES, TYPEMAPS,
VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG,
XS_VERSION

Additional lowercase attributes
clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, test,
tool_autosplit

Overriding MakeMaker Methods
The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
"MAN3PODS => ' '"

Hintsfile support
Distribution Support
make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make veryclean,
make manifest, make distdir, make disttest, make tardist,
make dist, make uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci

Module Meta-Data (META and MYMETA)
Disabling an extension
Other Handy Functions
prompt

Supported versions of Perl
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
DESCRIPTION
Module Installation
How do I install a module into my home directory?, How do I get MakeMaker and
Module::Build to install to the same place?, How do I keep from installing man
pages?, How do I use a module without installing it?, PREFIX vs INSTALL_BASE from
Module::Build::Cookbook

Common errors and problems
"No rule to make target `/usr/lib/perl5/CORE/config.h', needed by `Makefile'"

Philosophy and History
Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is Module::Build and
how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no shell commands, easier
to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft

Module Writing
How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's this
META.yml thing and how did it get in my MANIFEST?!, How do I delete everything not
in my MANIFEST?, Which tar should I use on Windows?, Which zip should I use on
Windows for '[nd]make zipdist'?

XS How do I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter Y.YY"
errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same directory?

PATCHING
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Locale - bundled Encode::Locale
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
decode_argv( ), decode_argv( Encode::FB_CROAK ), env( $uni_key ), env( $uni_key =>
$uni_value ), reinit( ), reinit( $encoding ), $ENCODING_LOCALE, $ENCODING_LOCALE_FS,
$ENCODING_CONSOLE_IN, $ENCODING_CONSOLE_OUT

NOTES
Windows
Mac OS X
POSIX (Linux and other Unixes)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Mantra
The Layout
Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, bin/

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
mkmanifest

manifind

manicheck

filecheck

fullcheck

skipcheck

maniread

maniskip

manicopy

maniadd

MANIFEST
MANIFEST.SKIP
#!include_default, #!include /Path/to/another/manifest.skip

EXPORT_OK
GLOBAL VARIABLES
DIAGNOSTICS
"Not in MANIFEST:" file, "Skipping" file, "No such file:" file, "MANIFEST:" $!, "Added
to MANIFEST:" file

ENVIRONMENT
PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

ExtUtils::Miniperl - write the C code for perlmain.c
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME

AUTHOR
REVISION
mkfh()

__find_relocations

ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
FUNCTIONS
new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR

ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
METHODS
$pxs->new(), $pxs->process_file(), C++, hiertype, except, typemap, prototypes,
versioncheck, linenumbers, optimize, inout, argtypes, s, $pxs->report_error_count()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants - Initialization values for some globals
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Eval - Clean package to evaluate code in
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINES
$pxs->eval_output_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)
$pxs->eval_input_typemap_code($typemapcode, $other_hashref)
TODO

ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities - Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS
SYNOPSIS
SUBROUTINES
"standard_typemap_locations()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"trim_whitespace()"
Purpose, Argument, Return Value

"C_string()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"valid_proto_string()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"process_typemaps()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"map_type()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"standard_XS_defs()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"assign_func_args()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"analyze_preprocessor_statements()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"set_cond()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"current_line_number()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"Warn()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"blurt()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"death()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"check_conditional_preprocessor_statements()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"escape_file_for_line_directive()"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

"report_typemap_failure"
Purpose, Arguments, Return Value

ExtUtils::Typemaps - Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
file
add_typemap
add_inputmap
add_outputmap
add_string
remove_typemap
remove_inputmap
remove_inputmap
get_typemap
get_inputmap
get_outputmap
write
as_string
as_embedded_typemap
merge
is_empty
list_mapped_ctypes
_get_typemap_hash
_get_inputmap_hash
_get_outputmap_hash
_get_prototype_hash
clone
tidy_type
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd - Quick commands for handling typemaps
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
embeddable_typemap
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap - Entry in the INPUT section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap - Entry in the OUTPUT section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
code
xstype
cleaned_code
targetable
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type - Entry in the TYPEMAP section of a typemap
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
proto
xstype
ctype
tidy_ctype
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

ExtUtils::XSSymSet - keep sets of symbol names palatable to the VMS linker
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new([$maxlen[,$silent]]), addsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]),
trimsym($name[,$maxlen[,$silent]]), delsym($name), get_orig($trimmed),
get_trimmed($name), all_orig(), all_trimmed()

AUTHOR
REVISION

ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Fatal - Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
SYNOPSIS
BEST PRACTICE
DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSTICS
Bad subroutine name for Fatal: %s, %s is not a Perl subroutine, %s is neither a
builtin, nor a Perl subroutine, Cannot make the non-overridable %s fatal, Internal
error: %s

BUGS
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
EXPORTED SYMBOLS

File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

"fileparse"

"basename"

"dirname"

"fileparse_set_fstype"

SEE ALSO

File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RETURN
AUTHOR

File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
copy , move , syscopy , rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

RETURN
AUTHOR

File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS (by request only)
BUGS
AUTHOR
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Fetch - A generic file fetching mechanism
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORS
$ff->uri, $ff->scheme, $ff->host, $ff->vol, $ff->share, $ff->path, $ff->file,
$ff->file_default

$ff->output_file

METHODS
$ff = File::Fetch->new( uri => 'http://some.where.com/dir/file.txt' );
$where = $ff->fetch( [to => /my/output/dir/ | \$scalar] )
$ff->error([BOOL])
HOW IT WORKS
GLOBAL VARIABLES
$File::Fetch::FROM_EMAIL
$File::Fetch::USER_AGENT
$File::Fetch::FTP_PASSIVE
$File::Fetch::TIMEOUT
$File::Fetch::WARN
$File::Fetch::DEBUG
$File::Fetch::BLACKLIST
$File::Fetch::METHOD_FAIL
MAPPING
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
So how do I use a proxy with File::Fetch?
I used 'lynx' to fetch a file, but its contents is all wrong!
Files I'm trying to fetch have reserved characters or non-ASCII characters in them.
What do I do?
TODO
Implement $PREFER_BIN

BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
find, finddepth

%options
"wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess", "follow", "follow_fast",
"follow_skip", "dangling_symlinks", "no_chdir", "untaint", "untaint_pattern",
"untaint_skip"

The wanted function
$File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the current filename within
that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file

WARNINGS
CAVEAT
$dont_use_nlink, symlinks

BUGS AND CAVEATS
HISTORY
SEE ALSO

File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
META CHARACTERS
EXPORTS
POSIX FLAGS
"GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_LIMIT", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE", "GLOB_NOCHECK",
"GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE", "GLOB_NOMAGIC", "GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE",
"GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT"

DIAGNOSTICS
"GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND"

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

File::GlobMapper - Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Behind The Scenes
Limitations
Input File Glob
~, ~user, ., *, ?, \, [], {,}, ()

Output File Glob
"*", #1

Returned Data
EXAMPLES
A Rename script
A few example globmaps
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

File::Path - Create or remove directory trees
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
make_path( $dir1, $dir2, .... ), make_path( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), mode =>
$num, verbose => $bool, error => \$err, owner => $owner, user => $owner, uid =>
$owner, group => $group, mkpath( $dir ), mkpath( $dir, $verbose, $mode ), mkpath(
[$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $mode ), mkpath( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt ), remove_tree(
$dir1, $dir2, .... ), remove_tree( $dir1, $dir2, ...., \%opts ), verbose => $bool,
safe => $bool, keep_root => $bool, result => \$res, error => \$err, rmtree( $dir ),
rmtree( $dir, $verbose, $safe ), rmtree( [$dir1, $dir2,...], $verbose, $safe ),
rmtree( $dir1, $dir2,..., \%opt )

ERROR HANDLING
NOTE:

NOTES
DIAGNOSTICS
mkdir [path]: [errmsg] (SEVERE), No root path(s) specified, No such file or directory,
cannot fetch initial working directory: [errmsg], cannot stat initial working
directory: [errmsg], cannot chdir to [dir]: [errmsg], directory [dir] changed before
chdir, expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n], aborting. (FATAL), cannot
make directory [dir] read+writeable: [errmsg], cannot read [dir]: [errmsg], cannot
reset chmod [dir]: [errmsg], cannot remove [dir] when cwd is [dir], cannot chdir to
[parent-dir] from [child-dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), cannot stat prior working
directory [dir]: [errmsg], aborting. (FATAL), previous directory [parent-dir] changed
before entering [child-dir], expected dev=[n] ino=[n], actual dev=[n] ino=[n],
aborting. (FATAL), cannot make directory [dir] writeable: [errmsg], cannot remove
directory [dir]: [errmsg], cannot restore permissions of [dir] to [0nnn]: [errmsg],
cannot make file [file] writeable: [errmsg], cannot unlink file [file]: [errmsg],
cannot restore permissions of [file] to [0nnn]: [errmsg], unable to map [owner] to a
uid, ownership not changed");, unable to map [group] to a gid, group ownership not
changed

SEE ALSO
BUGS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath , catdir , catfile , curdir , devnull , rootdir , tmpdir , updir ,
no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path , join , splitpath , splitdir
, catpath(), abs2rel , rel2abs()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath

file_name_is_absolute

tmpdir (override)

case_tolerant

COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Exports
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

file_name_is_absolute

path

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs

AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
tmpdir, splitpath

COPYRIGHT

File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
canonpath()

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

no_upwards

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

path

join

splitpath

splitdir

catpath()

abs2rel

rel2abs()

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

canonpath (override)

catdir (override)

catfile (override)

curdir (override)

devnull (override)

rootdir (override)

tmpdir (override)

updir (override)

case_tolerant (override)

path (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

splitpath (override)

splitdir (override)

catpath (override)

abs2rel (override)

rel2abs (override)

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
devnull

tmpdir

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

catfile

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
PORTABILITY
OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
new, newdir, filename, dirname, unlink_on_destroy, DESTROY

FUNCTIONS
tempfile, tempdir

MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
mkstemp, mkstemps, mkdtemp, mktemp

POSIX FUNCTIONS
tmpnam, tmpfile

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
tempnam

UTILITY FUNCTIONS
unlink0, cmpstat, unlink1, cleanup

PACKAGE VARIABLES
safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH, TopSystemUID, $KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG

WARNING
Temporary files and NFS
Forking
Directory removal
Taint mode
BINMODE
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
ERRORS
-%s is not implemented on a File::stat object

WARNINGS
File::stat ignores use filetest 'access', File::stat ignores VMS ACLs

NOTE
AUTHOR

FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR

CAVEATS
BUGS

FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

SEE ALSO

Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The Problem
A Solution
Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
All-in-one interface
Filtering only specific components of source code
"code", "code_no_comments", "executable", "executable_no_comments", "quotelike",
"string", "regex", "all"

Filtering only the code parts of source code
Using Filter::Simple with an explicit "import" subroutine
Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
How it works
AUTHOR
CONTACT
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
use Filter::Util::Call
import()
filter_add()
filter() and anonymous sub
$_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del, real_import

EXAMPLES
Example 1: A simple filter.
Example 2: Using the context
Example 3: Using the context within the filter
Example 4: Using filter_del
Filter::Simple
AUTHOR
DATE
LICENSE

FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
KNOWN ISSUES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AVAILABILITY
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Command Line Options, an Introduction
Getting Started with Getopt::Long
Simple options
A little bit less simple options
Mixing command line option with other arguments
Options with values
Options with multiple values
Options with hash values
User-defined subroutines to handle options
Options with multiple names
Case and abbreviations
Summary of Option Specifications
!, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ]

Advanced Possibilities
Object oriented interface
Thread Safety
Documentation and help texts
Parsing options from an arbitrary array
Parsing options from an arbitrary string
Storing options values in a hash
Bundling
The lonesome dash
Argument callback
Configuring Getopt::Long
default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default:
disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled),
auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through (default:
disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)

Exportable Methods
VersionMessage, "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-output", HelpMessage

Return values and Errors
Legacy
Default destinations
Alternative option starters
Configuration variables
Tips and Techniques
Pushing multiple values in a hash option
Troubleshooting
GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied
GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches with switch clustering
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"--help" and "--version"

HTTP::Tiny - A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new
get|head|put|post|delete
post_form
mirror
request
www_form_urlencode
SSL SUPPORT
PROXY SUPPORT
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Restricted hashes
lock_keys, unlock_keys

lock_keys_plus

lock_value, unlock_value

lock_hash, unlock_hash

lock_hash_recurse, unlock_hash_recurse

hashref_locked, hash_locked

hashref_unlocked, hash_unlocked

legal_keys, hidden_keys, all_keys, hash_seed, hash_value, bucket_info, bucket_stats,
bucket_array

bucket_stats_formatted

hv_store, hash_traversal_mask

Operating on references to hashes.
lock_ref_keys, unlock_ref_keys, lock_ref_keys_plus, lock_ref_value, unlock_ref_value,
lock_hashref, unlock_hashref, lock_hashref_recurse, unlock_hashref_recurse,
hash_ref_unlocked, legal_ref_keys, hidden_ref_keys

CAVEATS
BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Hash::Util::FieldHash - Support for Inside-Out Classes
SYNOPSIS
FUNCTIONS
id, id_2obj, register, idhash, idhashes, fieldhash, fieldhashes

DESCRIPTION
The Inside-out Technique
Problems of Inside-out
Solutions
More Problems
The Generic Object
How to use Field Hashes
Garbage-Collected Hashes
EXAMPLES
"init()", "first()", "last()", "name()", "Name_hash", "Name_id", "Name_idhash",
"Name_id_reg", "Name_idhash_reg", "Name_fieldhash"

Example 1
Example 2
GUTS
The "PERL_MAGIC_uvar" interface for hashes
Weakrefs call uvar magic
How field hashes work
Internal function Hash::Util::FieldHash::_fieldhash
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

the function is_language_tag($lang1)

the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

the function super_languages($lang1)

the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function implicate_supers_strictly(
...languages... )

ABOUT LOWERCASING
ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
ENVIRONMENT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
LIST OF LANGUAGES
{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : Adyghe,
{aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak}
: Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian
languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache
languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw}
: Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian
languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} :
Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)],
{bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} :
Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} :
Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} :
Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} :
Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} :
Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic
(Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic
languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan,
{cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} :
Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-
based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins
(Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and
pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} :
Dakota, {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} :
Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch
(ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient
Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English
(1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial),
{myv} : Erzya, {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} :
Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-
Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600),
{fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah,
{gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} :
Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German
(ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)],
{gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo,
{grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} :
Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} :
Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} :
Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} :
Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush,
{ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue,
{iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages],
{it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-
Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal}
: Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa}
: Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} :
Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} :
Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean,
{kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} :
Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao,
{la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} :
Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} :
Lojban (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} :
Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} :
Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg}
: Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} :
Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx,
{mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} :
Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau,
{i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha,
{mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos}
: Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl,
{nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South
Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-
Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {nog} : Nogai,
{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian
Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn}
: Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa,
{or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} :
Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan
(Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine
(Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese,
[{pra} : Prakrit languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} :
Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} :
Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages],
{sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari
Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} :
Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} :
Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)],
{sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} :
Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-
Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} :
Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali,
{son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho,
{st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk}
: Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} :
Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai
(Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar,
{i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} :
Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga
Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} :
Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
(1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} :
Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} :
Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan
languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} :
Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} :
Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba,
[{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni

SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
AUTHOR

I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO - load various IO modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DEPRECATED

IO::Compress::Base - Base Class for IO::Compress modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Bzip2 - Write bzip2 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bzip2 $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle,
"BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number", "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Deflate - Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
deflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge =>
0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::FAQ -- Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL
Compatibility with Unix compress/uncompress.
Accessing .tar.Z files
How do I recompress using a different compression?
ZIP
What Compression Types do IO::Compress::Zip & IO::Uncompress::Unzip support?
Store (method 0), Deflate (method 8), Bzip2 (method 12), Lzma (method 14)

Can I Read/Write Zip files larger the 4 Gig?
Can I write more that 64K entries is a Zip files?
Zip Resources
GZIP
Gzip Resources
Dealing with Concatenated gzip files
ZLIB
Zlib Resources
Bzip2
Bzip2 Resources
Dealing with Concatenated bzip2 files
Interoperating with Pbzip2
HTTP & NETWORK
Apache::GZip Revisited
Compressed files and Net::FTP
MISC
Using "InputLength" to uncompress data embedded in a larger file/buffer.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Gzip - Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge =>
0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Minimal => 0|1", "Comment => $comment", "Name =>
$string", "Time => $number", "TextFlag => 0|1", "HeaderCRC => 0|1", "OS_Code =>
$value", "ExtraField => $data", "ExtraFlags => $value", "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::RawDeflate - Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawdeflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Merge =>
0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Compress::Zip - Write zip files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
zip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeIn => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A Filehandle, "Name =>
$string", "CanonicalName => 0|1", "FilterName => sub { ... }", "Time => $number",
"ExtAttr => $attr", "exTime => [$atime, $mtime, $ctime]", "exUnix2 => [$uid,
$gid]", "exUnixN => [$uid, $gid]", "Comment => $comment", "ZipComment =>
$comment", "Method => $method", "Stream => 0|1", "Zip64 => 0|1", "TextFlag =>
0|1", "ExtraFieldLocal => $data", "ExtraFieldCentral => $data", "Minimal => 1|0",
"BlockSize100K => number", "WorkFactor => number", "Preset => number", "Extreme =>
0|1", -Level, -Strategy, "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
print
printf
syswrite
write
flush
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
newStream([OPTS])
deflateParams
Importing
:all, :constants, :flush, :level, :strategy, :zip_method

EXAMPLES
Apache::GZip Revisited
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (),
close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS
open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( [LAYER] )

NOTE
SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS
$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD
), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync,
$io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE
SEE ALSO
BUGS
HISTORY

IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS
reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ),
handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1
(SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO
HISTORY

IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS
add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT
] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(),
select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS
accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol,
sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), getsockopt(LEVEL, OPT), setsockopt(LEVEL, OPT, VAL),
socktype, timeout([VAL])

LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS
sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::IP, "IO::Socket::IP" - Family-neutral IP socket supporting both IPv4 and IPv6
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
REPLACING "IO::Socket" DEFAULT BEHAVIOUR
CONSTRUCTORS
$sock = IO::Socket::IP->new( %args )
PeerHost => STRING, PeerService => STRING, PeerAddr => STRING, PeerPort => STRING,
PeerAddrInfo => ARRAY, LocalHost => STRING, LocalService => STRING, LocalAddr =>
STRING, LocalPort => STRING, LocalAddrInfo => ARRAY, Family => INT, Type => INT, Proto
=> STRING or INT, GetAddrInfoFlags => INT, Listen => INT, ReuseAddr => BOOL, ReusePort
=> BOOL, Broadcast => BOOL, V6Only => BOOL, MultiHomed, Blocking => BOOL, Timeout =>
NUM

$sock = IO::Socket::IP->new( $peeraddr )
METHODS
( $host, $service ) = $sock->sockhost_service( $numeric )
$addr = $sock->sockhost
$port = $sock->sockport
$host = $sock->sockhostname
$service = $sock->sockservice
$addr = $sock->sockaddr
( $host, $service ) = $sock->peerhost_service( $numeric )
$addr = $sock->peerhost
$port = $sock->peerport
$host = $sock->peerhostname
$service = $sock->peerservice
$addr = $peer->peeraddr
$inet = $sock->as_inet
NON-BLOCKING
"PeerHost" AND "LocalHost" PARSING
( $host, $port ) = IO::Socket::IP->split_addr( $addr )
$addr = IO::Socket::IP->join_addr( $host, $port )
"IO::Socket::INET" INCOMPATIBILITES
TODO
AUTHOR

IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS
hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate - Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip

Functional Interface
anyinflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1", "ParseExtra => 0|1" If the gzip FEXTRA header field is
present and this option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms
to the sub-field structure as defined in RFC 1952

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress - Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
RFC 1950, RFC 1951 (optionally), gzip (RFC 1952), zip, bzip2, lzop, lzf, lzma, xz

Functional Interface
anyuncompress $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1", "RawInflate => 0|1", "UnLzma => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Base - Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2 - Read bzip2 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
bunzip2 $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1", "Small => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Gunzip - Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
gunzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1", "ParseExtra => 0|1" If the gzip FEXTRA header field is present and this
option is set, it will force the module to check that it conforms to the sub-field
structure as defined in RFC 1952

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
Name, Comment

tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Inflate - Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
inflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1"

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::RawInflate - Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
rawinflate $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime => $string", "Transparent =>
0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size", "Append => 0|1", "Strict =>
0|1"

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Uncompress::Unzip - Read zip files/buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functional Interface
unzip $input_filename_or_reference => $output_filename_or_reference [, OPTS]
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An array reference, An Input
FileGlob string, A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference, An Array Reference,
An Output FileGlob

Notes
Optional Parameters
"AutoClose => 0|1", "BinModeOut => 0|1", "Append => 0|1", A Buffer, A Filename, A
Filehandle, "MultiStream => 0|1", "TrailingData => $scalar"

Examples
OO Interface
Constructor
A filename, A filehandle, A scalar reference

Constructor Options
"Name => "membername"", "AutoClose => 0|1", "MultiStream => 0|1", "Prime =>
$string", "Transparent => 0|1", "BlockSize => $num", "InputLength => $size",
"Append => 0|1", "Strict => 0|1"

Examples
Methods
read
read
getline
getc
ungetc
inflateSync
getHeaderInfo
tell
eof
seek
binmode
opened
autoflush
input_line_number
fileno
close
nextStream
trailingData
Importing
:all

EXAMPLES
Working with Net::FTP
Walking through a zip file
Unzipping a complete zip file to disk
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
MODIFICATION HISTORY
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ARGS] )

OBJECT METHODS
open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print ( ARGS... ),
read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ), tell, setpos ( POS ),
getpos ( POS )

USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP
CLASS METHODS
has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open, gzip_write_open

DIAGNOSTICS
IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context, IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode
'...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import:
':gzip_external' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an
argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import:
'gzip_write_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is
illegal, IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open:
needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long
LENGTH

SEE ALSO
HISTORY
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Cmd - finding and running system commands made easy
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CLASS METHODS
$ipc_run_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_run( [VERBOSE] )
$ipc_open3_version = IPC::Cmd->can_use_ipc_open3( [VERBOSE] )
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_capture_buffer
$bool = IPC::Cmd->can_use_run_forked
FUNCTIONS
$path = can_run( PROGRAM );
$ok | ($ok, $err, $full_buf, $stdout_buff, $stderr_buff) = run( command => COMMAND,
[verbose => BOOL, buffer => \$SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT] );
command, verbose, buffer, timeout, success, error message, full_buffer, out_buffer,
error_buffer

$hashref = run_forked( COMMAND, { child_stdin => SCALAR, timeout => DIGIT, stdout_handler
=> CODEREF, stderr_handler => CODEREF} );
"timeout", "child_stdin", "stdout_handler", "stderr_handler", "discard_output",
"terminate_on_parent_sudden_death", "exit_code", "timeout", "stdout", "stderr",
"merged", "err_msg"

$q = QUOTE
HOW IT WORKS
Global Variables
$IPC::Cmd::VERBOSE
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_RUN
$IPC::Cmd::USE_IPC_OPEN3
$IPC::Cmd::WARN
$IPC::Cmd::INSTANCES
$IPC::Cmd::ALLOW_NULL_ARGS
Caveats
Whitespace and IPC::Open3 / system(), Whitespace and IPC::Run, IO Redirect,
Interleaving STDOUT/STDERR

See Also
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ),
set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::Open2 - open a process for both reading and writing using open2()
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
WARNING
SEE ALSO

IPC::Open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using open3()
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
See Also
IPC::Open2, IPC::Run

WARNING

IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ),
getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME
=> VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SharedMem - SysV Shared Memory IPC object class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
new ( KEY , SIZE , FLAGS ), id, read ( POS, SIZE ), write ( STRING, POS, SIZE ),
remove, is_removed, stat, attach ( [FLAG] ), detach, addr

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV - System V IPC constants and system calls
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ftok( PATH ), ftok( PATH, ID ), shmat( ID, ADDR, FLAG ), shmdt( ADDR ), memread( ADDR,
VAR, POS, SIZE ), memwrite( ADDR, STRING, POS, SIZE )

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

JSON::PP - JSON::XS compatible pure-Perl module.
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
NOTE
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
correct unicode handling, round-trip integrity, strict checking of JSON
correctness

FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
encode_json
decode_json
JSON::PP::is_bool
JSON::PP::true
JSON::PP::false
JSON::PP::null
HOW DO I DECODE A DATA FROM OUTER AND ENCODE TO OUTER
METHODS
new
ascii
latin1
utf8
pretty
indent
space_before
space_after
relaxed
list items can have an end-comma, shell-style '#'-comments

canonical
allow_nonref
allow_unknown
allow_blessed
convert_blessed
filter_json_object
filter_json_single_key_object
shrink
max_depth
max_size
encode
decode
decode_prefix
INCREMENTAL PARSING
incr_parse
incr_text
incr_skip
incr_reset
JSON::PP OWN METHODS
allow_singlequote
allow_barekey
allow_bignum
loose
escape_slash
indent_length
sort_by
INTERNAL
PP_encode_box, PP_decode_box

MAPPING
JSON -> PERL
object, array, string, number, true, false, null

PERL -> JSON
hash references, array references, other references, JSON::PP::true,
JSON::PP::false, JSON::PP::null, blessed objects, simple scalars, Big Number

UNICODE HANDLING ON PERLS
Perl 5.8 and later
Perl 5.6
Perl 5.005
TODO
speed, memory saving

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

JSON::PP::Boolean - dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
LIST-REDUCTION FUNCTIONS
$result = reduce { BLOCK } @list
any
all
none
notall
first
max
maxstr
min
minstr
product
sum
sum0
KEY/VALUE PAIR LIST FUNCTIONS
pairgrep
pairfirst
pairmap
pairs
pairkeys
pairvalues
OTHER FUNCTIONS
shuffle
KNOWN BUGS
RT #95409
SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

List::Util::XS - Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes - a distribution of modules to handle locale codes
DESCRIPTION
Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Country, Locale::Codes::Language, Locale::Language,
Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Currency, Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Script,
Locale::Codes::LangExt, Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes,
Locale::Codes::Constants, Locale::Codes::Country_codes, Locale::Codes::Language_codes,
Locale::Codes::Currency_codes, Locale::Codes::Script_codes,
Locale::Codes::LangExt_codes, Locale::Codes::LangVar_codes,
Locale::Codes::LangFam_codes

NEW CODE SETS
General-use code set, An official source of data, A free source of the data, A
reliable source of data

COMMON ALIASES
DEPRECATED CODES
SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes::API, Locale::Codes::Country, Locale::Codes::Language,
Locale::Codes::Script, Locale::Codes::Currency, Locale::Codes::LangExt,
Locale::Codes::LangVar, Locale::Codes::LangFam, Locale::Codes::Changes

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::API - a description of the callable function in each module
DESCRIPTION
ROUTINES
code2XXX ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired'] ), XXX2code ( NAME [,CODESET] [,'retired'] ),
XXX_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_XXX_codes ( [CODESET] [,'retired'] ),
all_XXX_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired'] )

SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
MODULE::rename_XXX ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX ( CODE ,NAME
[,CODESET] ), MODULE::delete_XXX ( CODE [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX_alias ( NAME
,NEW_NAME ), MODULE::delete_XXX_alias ( NAME ), MODULE::rename_XXX_code ( CODE
,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), MODULE::add_XXX_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
MODULE::delete_XXX_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
Relationship between code sets, Non-ASCII characters not supported

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Changes - details changes to Locale::Codes
SYNOPSIS
VERSION 3.37 (planned 2015-12-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.36 (planned 2015-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.35 (planned 2015-06-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.34 (2015-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.33 (2014-12-01; sbeck)
Filled out LOCALE_LANG_TERM codeset, Moved repository to GitHub

VERSION 3.32 (2014-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.31 (2014-06-01; sbeck)
Bug fixes

VERSION 3.30 (2014-03-04; sbeck)
alias_code remove date set, Bug fixes

VERSION 3.29 (2014-01-27; sbeck)
ISO 3166 country codes improved, Bug fixes

VERSION 3.28 (2013-12-02; sbeck)
VERSION 3.27 (2013-09-03; sbeck)
* FIPS-10 country codes removed

VERSION 3.26 (2013-06-03; sbeck)
Documentation fixes

VERSION 3.25 (2013-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.24 (2012-12-03; sbeck)
Syria alias, FIPS-10 country codes deprecated, Domain country codes now come from ISO
3166

VERSION 3.23 (2012-09-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.22 (2012-06-01; sbeck)
Updated perl version required, Sorted deprecated codes

VERSION 3.21 (2012-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.20 (2011-12-01; sbeck)
Added limited support for deprecated codes, Fixed capitalization, Pod tests off by
default, Codesets may be specified by name, alias_code deprecated, Code cleanup, Added
LangFam module

VERSION 3.18 (2011-08-31; sbeck)
No longer use CIA data

VERSION 3.17 (2011-06-28; sbeck)
Added new types of codes, Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes, Reorganized code

VERSION 3.16 (2011-03-01; sbeck)
VERSION 3.15 (2010-12-02; sbeck)
Minor fixes

VERSION 3.14 (2010-09-28; sbeck)
Bug fixes

VERSION 3.13 (2010-06-04; sbeck)
VERSION 3.12 (2010-04-06; sbeck)
Reorganized code

VERSION 3.11 (2010-03-01; sbeck)
Added new codeset(s), Bug fixes

VERSION 3.10 (2010-02-18; sbeck)
Reorganized code, (!) Changed XXX_code2code behavior slightly, Added many semi-private
routines, New aliases

VERSION 3.01 (2010-02-15; sbeck)
Fixed Makefile.PL and Build.PL

VERSION 3.00 (2010-02-10; sbeck)
(*) New maintainer, (*) (!) All codes are generated from standards, Added new
codeset(s), (*) (!) Locale::Script changed, Added missing functions, (!) Dropped
support for _alias_code, (!) All functions return the standard value, (!)
rename_country function altered

VERSION 2.07 (2004-06-10; neilb)
VERSION 2.06 (2002-07-15; neilb)
VERSION 2.05 (2002-07-08; neilb)
VERSION 2.04 (2002-05-23; neilb)
VERSION 2.03 (2002-03-24; neilb)
VERSION 2.02 (2002-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 2.01 (2002-02-18; neilb)
VERSION 2.00 (2002-02-17; neilb)
VERSION 1.06 (2001-03-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.05 (2001-02-13; neilb)
VERSION 1.04 (2000-12-21; neilb)
VERSION 1.03 (2000-12-??; neilb)
VERSION 1.02 (2000-05-04; neilb)
VERSION 1.00 (1998-03-09; neilb)
VERSION 0.003 (1997-05-09; neilb)
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Constants - constants for Locale codes
DESCRIPTION
KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Country - standard codes for country identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha-2, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3, numeric,
LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC, dom, LOCALE_CODE_DOM

ROUTINES
code2country ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), country2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), country_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_country_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_country_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Country::add_country ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Country::rename_country_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Country::add_country_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Country::delete_country_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] ), alias_code (
ALIAS, CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry,
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm,
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_t able.htm,
http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/,
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm,
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin
t_appendix-d.html, http://www.statoids.com/wab.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Currency - standard codes for currency identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha, LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC

ROUTINES
code2currency ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), currency_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_currency_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_currency_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::rename_currency_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::add_currency_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
http://www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangExt - standard codes for language extension identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha

ROUTINES
code2langext ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), langext2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), langext_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langext_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_langext_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::rename_langext_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::add_langext_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangExt::delete_langext_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam - standard codes for language extension identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha

ROUTINES
code2langfam ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), langfam2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), langfam_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langfam_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_langfam_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::rename_langfam_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::add_langfam_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangFam::delete_langfam_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/id.php

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired - retired langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module
SYNOPSIS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::LangVar - standard codes for language variation identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha

ROUTINES
code2langvar ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), langvar2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), langvar_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_langvar_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_langvar_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::rename_langvar_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::add_langvar_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::LangVar::delete_langvar_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Language - standard codes for language identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha-2, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3, term, LOCALE_LANG_TERM

ROUTINES
code2language ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), language2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), language_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_language_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_language_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Language::add_language ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Language::rename_language_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Language::add_language_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Language::delete_language_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/,
http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Codes::Script - standard codes for script identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha, LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC

ROUTINES
code2script ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), script2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), script_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_script_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_script_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Script::add_script ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Codes::Script::rename_script_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Script::add_script_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Codes::Script::delete_script_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Country - standard codes for country identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha-2, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_CODE_ALPHA_3, numeric,
LOCALE_CODE_NUMERIC, dom, LOCALE_CODE_DOM

ROUTINES
code2country ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), country2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), country_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_country_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_country_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Country::rename_country ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::add_country ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::delete_country ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::add_country_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Country::delete_country_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Country::rename_country_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::add_country_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Country::delete_country_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] ), alias_code ( ALIAS,
CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, Locale::SubCountry,
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes.htm,
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/country_codes/iso-3166-1_decoding_t able.htm,
http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/,
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm,
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/prin
t_appendix-d.html, http://www.statoids.com/wab.html

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Currency - standard codes for currency identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha, LOCALE_CURR_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_CURR_NUMERIC

ROUTINES
code2currency ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), currency2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), currency_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_currency_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_currency_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Currency::rename_currency ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Currency::add_currency ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Currency::delete_currency ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Currency::add_currency_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Currency::delete_currency_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Currency::rename_currency_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Currency::add_currency_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Currency::delete_currency_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API,
http://www.iso.org/iso/support/currency_codes_list-1.htm

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Language - standard codes for language identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha-2, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_2, alpha-3, LOCALE_LANG_ALPHA_3, term, LOCALE_LANG_TERM

ROUTINES
code2language ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), language2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), language_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_language_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_language_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Language::rename_language ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Language::add_language ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Language::delete_language ( CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Language::add_language_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Language::delete_language_alias ( NAME ),
Locale::Language::rename_language_code ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Language::add_language_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Language::delete_language_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/,
http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-5/,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
METHODS
Construction Methods
The "maketext" Method
$lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM), $lh->failure_handler_auto

Utility Methods
$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
$language->numf($number), $language->numerate($number, $singular, $plural,
$negative), $language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(),
$language->encoding()

Language Handle Attributes and Internals
LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
BRACKET NOTATION
AUTO LEXICONS
READONLY LEXICONS
CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
AUTHOR

Locale::Maketext::Cookbook - recipes for using Locale::Maketext
INTRODUCTION
ONESIDED LEXICONS
DECIMAL PLACES IN NUMBER FORMATTING

Locale::Maketext::Guts - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader - Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Locale::Maketext::Simple - Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
Class
Path
Style
Export
Subclass
Decode
Encoding
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT
The "MIT" License

Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
The Linguistic View
Breaking gettext
Replacing gettext
Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
Buzzword: Isomorphism
Buzzword: Inheritance
Buzzword: Concision
The Devil in the Details
The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
References

Locale::Script - standard codes for script identification
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SUPPORTED CODE SETS
alpha, LOCALE_SCRIPT_ALPHA, num, LOCALE_SCRIPT_NUMERIC

ROUTINES
code2script ( CODE [,CODESET] [,'retired']), script2code ( NAME [,CODESET]
[,'retired']), script_code2code ( CODE ,CODESET ,CODESET2 ), all_script_codes (
[CODESET] [,'retired']), all_script_names ( [CODESET] [,'retired']),
Locale::Script::rename_script ( CODE ,NEW_NAME [,CODESET] ),
Locale::Script::add_script ( CODE ,NAME [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script
( CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_alias ( NAME ,NEW_NAME ),
Locale::Script::delete_script_alias ( NAME ), Locale::Script::rename_script_code (
CODE ,NEW_CODE [,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::add_script_code_alias ( CODE ,NEW_CODE
[,CODESET] ), Locale::Script::delete_script_code_alias ( CODE [,CODESET] )

SEE ALSO
Locale::Codes, Locale::Codes::API, http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/,
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
encode_base64( $bytes ), encode_base64( $bytes, $eol );, decode_base64( $str ),
encode_base64url( $bytes ), decode_base64url( $str ), encoded_base64_length( $bytes ),
encoded_base64_length( $bytes, $eol ), decoded_base64_length( $str )

EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
encode_qp( $str), encode_qp( $str, $eol), encode_qp( $str, $eol, $binmode ),
decode_qp( $str )

COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Input
Output
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
Accuracy vs. Precision
Rounding
ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ),
fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

METHODS
accuracy(), precision(), bexp(), bnok(), bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan2(), batan(),
bmuladd()

Autocreating constants
Math library
Using Math::BigInt::Lite
EXPORTS
CAVEATS
stringify, bstr(), bdiv(), brsft(), Modifying and =, bpow(), precision() vs.
accuracy()

BUGS
SUPPORT
RT: CPAN's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings,
Search CPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View
mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Input
Output
METHODS
config(), accuracy(), precision(), brsft(), new(), from_oct(), from_hex(), from_bin(),
bnan(), bzero(), binf(), bone(), is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf(),
is_pos()/is_neg()/is_positive()/is_negative(), is_odd()/is_even()/is_int(), bcmp(),
bacmp(), sign(), digit(), bneg(), babs(), bsgn(), bnorm(), bnot(), binc(), bdec(),
badd(), bsub(), bmul(), bmuladd(), bdiv(), bmod(), bmodinv(), bmodpow(), bpow(),
blog(), bexp(), bnok(), bpi(), bcos(), bsin(), batan2(), batan(), blsft(), brsft(),
band(), bior(), bxor(), bnot(), bsqrt(), broot(), bfac(), round(), bround(),
bfround(), bfloor(), bceil(), bint(), bgcd(), blcm(), length(), exponent(),
mantissa(), parts(), copy(), as_int()/as_number(), bstr(), bsstr(), as_hex(),
as_bin(), as_oct(), numify(), modify(), upgrade()/downgrade(), div_scale(),
round_mode()

ACCURACY and PRECISION
Precision P
Accuracy A
Fallback F
Rounding mode R
'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', 'common', Precision, Accuracy
(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence,
Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks

Infinity and Not a Number
oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()

INTERNALS
MATH LIBRARY
SIGN
mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
EXAMPLES
Autocreating constants
PERFORMANCE
Alternative math libraries
SUBCLASSING
Subclassing Math::BigInt
UPGRADING
Auto-upgrade
bsqrt(), div(), blog(), bexp()

EXPORTS
CAVEATS
bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length(), bdiv(), infinity handling, Modifying and
=, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft()

BUGS
SUPPORT
RT: CPAN's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings,
Search CPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View
mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE Math::BigInt API
General Notes
API version 1
api_version(), _new(STR), _zero(), _one(), _two(), _ten(), _from_bin(STR),
_from_oct(STR), _from_hex(STR), _add(OBJ1, OBJ2), _mul(OBJ1, OBJ2), _div(OBJ1,
OBJ2), _sub(OBJ1, OBJ2, FLAG), _sub(OBJ1, OBJ2), _dec(OBJ), _inc(OBJ), _mod(OBJ1,
OBJ2), _sqrt(OBJ), _root(OBJ, N), _fac(OBJ), _pow(OBJ1, OBJ2), _modinv(OBJ1,
OBJ2), _modpow(OBJ1, OBJ2, OBJ3), _rsft(OBJ, N, B), _lsft(OBJ, N, B),
_log_int(OBJ, B), _gcd(OBJ1, OBJ2), _and(OBJ1, OBJ2), _or(OBJ1, OBJ2), _xor(OBJ1,
OBJ2), _is_zero(OBJ), _is_one(OBJ), _is_two(OBJ), _is_ten(OBJ), _is_even(OBJ),
_is_odd(OBJ), _acmp(OBJ1, OBJ2), _str(OBJ), _as_bin(OBJ), _as_oct(OBJ),
_as_hex(OBJ), _num(OBJ), _copy(OBJ), _len(OBJ), _zeros(OBJ), _digit(OBJ, N),
_check(OBJ)

API version 2
_1ex(N), _nok(OBJ1, OBJ2), _alen(OBJ)

API optional methods
_signed_or(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2), _signed_and(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2),
_signed_xor(OBJ1, OBJ2, SIGN1, SIGN2)

WRAP YOUR OWN
BUGS
SUPPORT
RT: CPAN's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings,
Search CPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View
mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
__emu_bxor, __emu_band, __emu_bior

BUGS
SUPPORT
RT: CPAN's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings,
Search CPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View
mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
STORAGE
METHODS
LICENSE
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MATH LIBRARY
METHODS
new()
numerator()
denominator()
parts()
numify()
as_int()/as_number()
as_float()
as_hex()
as_bin()
as_oct()
from_hex()/from_bin()/from_oct()
length()
digit()
bnorm()
bfac()
bround()/round()/bfround()
bmod()
bneg()
is_one()
is_zero()
is_pos()/is_positive()
is_neg()/is_negative()
is_int()
is_odd()
is_even()
bceil()
bfloor()
bsqrt()
broot()
badd()/bmul()/bsub()/bdiv()/bdec()/binc()
copy()
bstr()/bsstr()
bacmp()/bcmp()
blsft()/brsft()
bpow()
bexp()
bnok()
config()
objectify()
BUGS
SUPPORT
RT: CPAN's request tracker, AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings,
Search CPAN, CPAN Testers Matrix, The Bignum mailing list, Post to mailing list, View
mailing list, Subscribe/Unsubscribe

LICENSE
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OPERATIONS
CREATION
DISPLAYING
CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
USAGE
CONSTANTS
PI
Inf
ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
LICENSE

Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
tan

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
deg2rad, grad2rad, rad2deg, grad2deg, deg2grad, rad2grad, rad2rad, deg2deg, grad2grad

RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
COORDINATE SYSTEMS
3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical

GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
great_circle_distance
great_circle_direction
great_circle_bearing
great_circle_destination
great_circle_midpoint
great_circle_waypoint
EXAMPLES
CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
Real-valued asin and acos
asin_real, acos_real

BUGS
AUTHORS
LICENSE

Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
DETAILS
OPTIONS
INSTALL
NORMALIZER
"SCALAR_CACHE", "LIST_CACHE"
"MEMORY", "HASH", "TIE", "FAULT", "MERGE"

OTHER FACILITIES
"unmemoize"
"flush_cache"
CAVEATS
PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
EXPIRATION SUPPORT
BUGS
MAILING LIST
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
THANK YOU

Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use
DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
INTERFACE
TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE

ALTERNATIVES
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
DESCRIPTION

Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
DESCRIPTION

Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
DESCRIPTION

Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use
DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
DESCRIPTION

Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API
"first_release( MODULE )", "first_release_by_date( MODULE )", "find_modules( REGEX, [
LIST OF PERLS ] )", "find_version( PERL_VERSION )", "is_core( MODULE, [
MODULE_VERSION, [ PERL_VERSION ] ] )", "is_deprecated( MODULE, PERL_VERSION )",
"deprecated_in( MODULE )", "removed_from( MODULE )", "removed_from_by_date( MODULE )",
"changes_between( PERL_VERSION, PERL_VERSION )"

DATA STRUCTURES
%Module::CoreList::version, %Module::CoreList::delta, %Module::CoreList::released,
%Module::CoreList::families, %Module::CoreList::deprecated,
%Module::CoreList::upstream, %Module::CoreList::bug_tracker

CAVEATS
HISTORY
AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Module::CoreList::Utils - what utilities shipped with versions of perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS API
"utilities", "first_release( UTILITY )", "first_release_by_date( UTILITY )",
"removed_from( UTILITY )", "removed_from_by_date( UTILITY )"

DATA STRUCTURES
%Module::CoreList::Utils::utilities

AUTHOR
LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Module::Load - runtime require of both modules and files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Difference between "load" and "autoload"
FUNCTIONS
load, autoload, load_remote, autoload_remote

Rules
IMPORTS THE FUNCTIONS
"load","autoload","load_remote","autoload_remote", 'all', '','none',undef

Caveats
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Load::Conditional - Looking up module information / loading at runtime
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Methods
$href = check_install( module => NAME [, version => VERSION, verbose => BOOL ] );
module, version, verbose, file, dir, version, uptodate

$bool = can_load( modules => { NAME => VERSION [,NAME => VERSION] }, [verbose => BOOL,
nocache => BOOL, autoload => BOOL] )
modules, verbose, nocache, autoload

@list = requires( MODULE );
Global Variables
$Module::Load::Conditional::VERBOSE
$Module::Load::Conditional::FIND_VERSION
$Module::Load::Conditional::CHECK_INC_HASH
$Module::Load::Conditional::CACHE
$Module::Load::Conditional::ERROR
$Module::Load::Conditional::DEPRECATED
See Also
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Loaded - mark modules as loaded or unloaded
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
$bool = mark_as_loaded( PACKAGE );
$bool = mark_as_unloaded( PACKAGE );
$loc = is_loaded( PACKAGE );
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Module::Metadata - Gather package and POD information from perl module files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
Class methods
"new_from_file($filename, collect_pod => 1)", "new_from_handle($handle, $filename,
collect_pod => 1)", "new_from_module($module, collect_pod => 1, inc => \@dirs)",
"find_module_by_name($module, \@dirs)", "find_module_dir_by_name($module,
\@dirs)", "provides( %options )", version (required), dir, files, prefix,
"package_versions_from_directory($dir, \@files?)", "log_info (internal)"

Object methods
"name()", "version($package)", "filename()", "packages_inside()", "pod_inside()",
"contains_pod()", "pod($section)", "is_indexable($package)" or "is_indexable()"

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

DIAGNOSTICS
"ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
BUGS AND WARNINGS

NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Enforcing redispatch
Avoiding repetitions
Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
Using "EVERY" methods
AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USER METHODS
debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), dataend ()

CLASS METHODS
debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( DIR, TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]),
unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ),
rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()

PSEUDO RESPONSES
Initial value, Connection closed, Timeout

EXPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
SYNOPSYS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
requires_firewall ( HOST )

NetConfig VALUES
nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, time_hosts,
inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ftp_ext_passive,
ftp_int_passive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists

Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
hostfqdn (), domainname (), hostname (), hostdomain ()

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::FTP - FTP Client class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
CONSTRUCTOR
new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS
login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), starttls (), stoptls (), prot ( LEVEL ),
host (), account( ACCT ), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), ascii (), binary
(), type ( [ TYPE ] ), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ]
), cdup (), passive ( [ PASSIVE ] ), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, RECURSE
]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [
DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash (
[FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), feature ( NAME ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ),
list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [
PORT ] ) =item eprt ( [ PORT ] ), pasv () =item epsv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE,
DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ]
), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()

Methods for the adventurous
quot (CMD [,ARGS]), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

THE dataconn CLASS
UNIMPLEMENTED
SMNT, HELP, MODE, SYST, STAT, STRU, REIN

REPORTING BUGS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
USE EXAMPLES
http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/

CREDITS
COPYRIGHT

Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS
host (), starttls (), article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ],
[FH] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group (
[ GROUP ] ), help ( ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (),
authinfo ( USER, PASS ), authinfo_simple ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [
MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit (), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

Extension methods
newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), distribution_patterns (),
subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ),
xgtitle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath
( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover (), listgroup ( [
GROUP ] ), reader ()

UNSUPPORTED
DEFINITIONS
MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, "[^]-]", *bdc, "[0-9a-zA-Z]", "a??d"

SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
THE .netrc FILE
machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name

CONSTRUCTOR
lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])

METHODS
login (), password (), account (), lpa ()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )

METHODS
host (), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [,
PASS ]] ), starttls ( SSLARGS ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (),
capabilities (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH
] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete
( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit (), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos [, $ttl
]]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( {
0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( [ $host ] );,
$p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, $p->port_number([$port_number]),
pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

NOTES
INSTALL
BUGS
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT

Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
CONSTRUCTOR
new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )

METHODS
banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), starttls ( SSLARGS
), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [,
ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), bdat ( DATA ),
bdatlast ( DATA ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit
(), can_inet6 (), can_ssl ()

ADDRESSES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [,
TIMEOUT]]])

AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
DESCRIPTION
Where to get this document
How to contribute to this document
Author and Copyright Information
Disclaimer
Obtaining and installing libnet
What is libnet ?
Which version of perl do I need ?
What other modules do I need ?
What machines support libnet ?
Where can I get the latest libnet release
Using Net::FTP
How do I download files from an FTP server ?
How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?
How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?
My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?
I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?
Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
Using Net::SMTP
Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?
Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
The verify method always returns true ?
Debugging scripts
How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
NOTE
AUTHOR

O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONVENTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
AUTHOR

ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

DIAGNOSTICS
"odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
WARNING
Operator Names and Operator Lists
an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an
operator set (opset)

Opcode Functions
opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset,
empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG,
OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

Manipulating Opsets
TO DO (maybe)
Predefined Opcode Tags
:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread,
:default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess,
:ownprocess, :others, :load, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
FUNCTIONS
"_exit", "abort", "abs", "access", "acos", "acosh", "alarm", "asctime", "asin",
"asinh", "assert", "atan", "atanh", "atan2", "atexit", "atof", "atoi", "atol",
"bsearch", "calloc", "cbrt", "ceil", "chdir", "chmod", "chown", "clearerr", "clock",
"close", "closedir", "cos", "cosh", "copysign", "creat", "ctermid", "ctime",
"cuserid", "difftime", "div", "dup", "dup2", "erf", "erfc", "errno", "execl",
"execle", "execlp", "execv", "execve", "execvp", "exit", "exp", "expm1", "fabs",
"fclose", "fcntl", "fdopen", "feof", "ferror", "fflush", "fgetc", "fgetpos", "fgets",
"fileno", "floor", "fdim", "fegetround", "fesetround", "fma", "fmax", "fmin", "fmod",
"fopen", "fork", "fpathconf", "fpclassify", "fprintf", "fputc", "fputs", "fread",
"free", "freopen", "frexp", "fscanf", "fseek", "fsetpos", "fstat", "fsync", "ftell",
"fwrite", "getc", "getchar", "getcwd", "getegid", "getenv", "geteuid", "getgid",
"getgrgid", "getgrnam", "getgroups", "getlogin", "getpgrp", "getpid", "getppid",
"getpwnam", "getpwuid", "gets", "getuid", "gmtime", "hypot", "ilogb", "Inf",
"isalnum", "isalpha", "isatty", "iscntrl", "isdigit", "isfinite", "isgraph",
"isgreater", "isinf", "islower", "isnan", "isnormal", "isprint", "ispunct", "isspace",
"isupper", "isxdigit", "j0", "j1", "jn", "y0", "y1", "yn", "kill", "labs", "lchown",
"ldexp", "ldiv", "lgamma", "log1p", "log2", "logb", "link", "localeconv", "localtime",
"log", "log10", "longjmp", "lseek", "lrint", "lround", "malloc", "mblen", "mbstowcs",
"mbtowc", "memchr", "memcmp", "memcpy", "memmove", "memset", "mkdir", "mkfifo",
"mktime", "modf", "NaN", "nan", "nearbyint", "nextafter", "nexttoward", "nice",
"offsetof", "open", "opendir", "pathconf", "pause", "perror", "pipe", "pow", "printf",
"putc", "putchar", "puts", "qsort", "raise", "rand", "read", "readdir", "realloc",
"remainder", "remove", "remquo", "rename", "rewind", "rewinddir", "rint", "rmdir",
"round", "scalbn", "scanf", "setgid", "setjmp", "setlocale", "setpgid", "setsid",
"setuid", "sigaction", "siglongjmp", "signbit", "sigpending", "sigprocmask",
"sigsetjmp", "sigsuspend", "sin", "sinh", "sleep", "sprintf", "sqrt", "srand",
"sscanf", "stat", "strcat", "strchr", "strcmp", "strcoll", "strcpy", "strcspn",
"strerror", "strftime", "strlen", "strncat", "strncmp", "strncpy", "strpbrk",
"strrchr", "strspn", "strstr", "strtod", "strtok", "strtol", "strtold", "strtoul",
"strxfrm", "sysconf", "system", "tan", "tanh", "tcdrain", "tcflow", "tcflush",
"tcgetpgrp", "tcsendbreak", "tcsetpgrp", "tgamma", "time", "times", "tmpfile",
"tmpnam", "tolower", "toupper", "trunc", "ttyname", "tzname", "tzset", "umask",
"uname", "ungetc", "unlink", "utime", "vfprintf", "vprintf", "vsprintf", "wait",
"waitpid", "wcstombs", "wctomb", "write"

CLASSES
"POSIX::SigAction"
"new", "handler", "mask", "flags", "safe"

"POSIX::SigRt"
%SIGRT, "SIGRTMIN", "SIGRTMAX"

"POSIX::SigSet"
"new", "addset", "delset", "emptyset", "fillset", "ismember"

"POSIX::Termios"
"new", "getattr", "getcc", "getcflag", "getiflag", "getispeed", "getlflag",
"getoflag", "getospeed", "setattr", "setcc", "setcflag", "setiflag", "setispeed",
"setlflag", "setoflag", "setospeed", Baud rate values, Terminal interface values,
"c_cc" field values, "c_cflag" field values, "c_iflag" field values, "c_lflag"
field values, "c_oflag" field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS
Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS
Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
Constants

ERRNO
Constants

FCNTL
Constants

FLOAT
Constants

FLOATING-POINT ENVIRONMENT
Constants

LIMITS
Constants

LOCALE
Constants

MATH
Constants

SIGNAL
Constants

STAT
Constants, Macros

STDLIB
Constants

STDIO
Constants

TIME
Constants

UNISTD
Constants

WAIT
Constants, "WNOHANG", "WUNTRACED", Macros, "WIFEXITED", "WEXITSTATUS", "WIFSIGNALED",
"WTERMSIG", "WIFSTOPPED", "WSTOPSIG"

Params::Check - A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Template
default, required, strict_type, defined, no_override, store, allow

Functions
check( \%tmpl, \%args, [$verbose] );
Template, Arguments, Verbose

allow( $test_me, \@criteria );
string, regexp, subroutine, array ref

last_error()
Global Variables
$Params::Check::VERBOSE
$Params::Check::STRICT_TYPE
$Params::Check::ALLOW_UNKNOWN
$Params::Check::STRIP_LEADING_DASHES
$Params::Check::NO_DUPLICATES
$Params::Check::PRESERVE_CASE
$Params::Check::ONLY_ALLOW_DEFINED
$Params::Check::SANITY_CHECK_TEMPLATE
$Params::Check::WARNINGS_FATAL
$Params::Check::CALLER_DEPTH
Acknowledgements
BUG REPORTS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT

Parse::CPAN::Meta - Parse META.yml and META.json CPAN metadata files
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
load_file
load_yaml_string
load_json_string
load_string
yaml_backend
json_backend
FUNCTIONS
Load
LoadFile
ENVIRONMENT
PERL_JSON_BACKEND
PERL_YAML_BACKEND
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHORS
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Perl::OSType - Map Perl operating system names to generic types
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
os_type()
is_os_type()
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
Bugs / Feature Requests
Source Code
AUTHOR
CONTRIBUTORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32

Custom Layers
:encoding, :mmap, :via

Alternatives to raw
Defaults and how to override them
Querying the layers of filehandles
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

PerlIO::mmap - Memory mapped IO
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPECTED METHODS
$class->PUSHED([$mode,[$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), $obj->UTF8($belowFlag,[$fh]),
$obj->OPEN($path,$mode,[$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd,[$fh]),
$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)

EXAMPLES
Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
REQUIRED MODULES
SEE ALSO
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
COPYRIGHT

Pod::Escapes - for resolving Pod E<...> sequences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
GOODIES
e2char($e_content), e2charnum($e_content), $Name2character{name},
$Name2character_number{name}, $Latin1Code_to_fallback{integer},
$Latin1Char_to_fallback{character}, $Code2USASCII{integer}

CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
REPOSITORY
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )"
"-verbose => 1", "-perl => 1", "-script => 1", "-inc => 1"

"simplify_name( $str )"
"pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )"
"-inc => 1", "-dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]", "-verbose => 1"

"contains_pod( $file , $verbose )"
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
pod2html
backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile,
outfile, poderrors, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

htmlify
anchorify
ENVIRONMENT
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package Pod::InteriorSequence,
package Pod::ParseTree

Pod::InputSource
new()
name()
handle()
was_cutting()
Pod::Paragraph
Pod::Paragraph->new()
$pod_para->cmd_name()
$pod_para->text()
$pod_para->raw_text()
$pod_para->cmd_prefix()
$pod_para->cmd_separator()
$pod_para->parse_tree()
$pod_para->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence
Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
$pod_seq->cmd_name()
$pod_seq->prepend()
$pod_seq->append()
$pod_seq->nested()
$pod_seq->raw_text()
$pod_seq->left_delimiter()
$pod_seq->right_delimiter()
$pod_seq->parse_tree()
$pod_seq->file_line()
Pod::InteriorSequence::DESTROY()
Pod::ParseTree
Pod::ParseTree->new()
$ptree->top()
$ptree->children()
$ptree->prepend()
$ptree->append()
$ptree->raw_text()
Pod::ParseTree::DESTROY()
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
center, date, errors, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, nourls,
quotes, release, section, stderr, utf8

DIAGNOSTICS
roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid errors setting "%s", Invalid quote
specification "%s", POD document had syntax errors

ENVIRONMENT
POD_MAN_DATE, SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH

BUGS
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::List
Pod::List->new()

$list->file()

$list->start()

$list->indent()

$list->type()

$list->rx()

$list->item()

$list->parent()

$list->tag()

Pod::Hyperlink
Pod::Hyperlink->new()

$link->parse($string)

$link->markup($string)

$link->text()

$link->warning()

$link->file(), $link->line()

$link->page()

$link->node()

$link->alttext()

$link->type()

$link->link()

Pod::Cache
Pod::Cache->new()

$cache->item()

$cache->find_page($name)

Pod::Cache::Item
Pod::Cache::Item->new()

$cacheitem->page()

$cacheitem->description()

$cacheitem->path()

$cacheitem->file()

$cacheitem->nodes()

$cacheitem->find_node($name)

$cacheitem->idx()

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK OVERVIEW
PARSING OPTIONS
-want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default:
unset)

RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
command()
$cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para

verbatim()
$text, $line_num, $pod_para

textblock()
$text, $line_num, $pod_para

interior_sequence()
OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
new()
initialize()
begin_pod()
begin_input()
end_input()
end_pod()
preprocess_line()
preprocess_paragraph()
METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
parse_text()
-expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text => code-ref|method-name,
-expand_ptree => code-ref|method-name

interpolate()
parse_paragraph()
parse_from_filehandle()
parse_from_file()
ACCESSOR METHODS
errorsub()
cutting()
parseopts()
output_file()
output_handle()
input_file()
input_handle()
input_streams()
top_stream()
PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_push_input_stream()
_pop_input_stream()
TREE-BASED PARSING
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Pod::Perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo - Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO - Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Call Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO::getopts($object, \@ARGV, $truth), Given -n, if there's a
opt_n_with, it'll call $object->opt_n_with( ARGUMENT ) (e.g., "-n foo" =>
$object->opt_n_with('foo'). Ditto "-nfoo"), Otherwise (given -n) if there's an
opt_n, we'll call it $object->opt_n($truth) (Truth defaults to 1), Otherwise we try
calling $object->handle_unknown_option('n') (and we increment the error count by
the return value of it), If there's no handle_unknown_option, then we just warn, and
then increment the error counter

SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI - render Pod with ANSI color escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm - render Pod with terminal escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR

Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
alt, indent, loose, sentence, width

DIAGNOSTICS
Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, Unknown
sequence: %s, Unmatched =back

RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input
SYNOPSIS
REQUIRES
EXPORTS
DESCRIPTION
SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
OBJECT METHODS
curr_headings()
select()
add_selection()
clear_selections()
match_section()
is_selected()
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
podselect()
-output, -sections, -ranges

PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
_compile_section_spec()
$self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
$self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Pod::Simple - framework for parsing Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MAIN METHODS
"$parser = SomeClass->new();", "$parser->output_fh( *OUT );", "$parser->output_string(
\$somestring );", "$parser->parse_file( $some_filename );", "$parser->parse_file(
*INPUT_FH );", "$parser->parse_string_document( $all_content );",
"$parser->parse_lines( ...@lines..., undef );", "$parser->content_seen",
"SomeClass->filter( $filename );", "SomeClass->filter( *INPUT_FH );",
"SomeClass->filter( \$document_content );"

SECONDARY METHODS
"$parser->parse_characters( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->source_filename", "$parser->doc_has_started", "$parser->source_dead",
"$parser->strip_verbatim_indent( SOMEVALUE )"

TERTIARY METHODS
"$parser->abandon_output_fh()", "$parser->abandon_output_string()",
"$parser->accept_code( @codes )", "$parser->accept_codes( @codes )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_data( @directives )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( @directives )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( @directives )", "$parser->accept_target(
@targets )", "$parser->accept_target_as_text( @targets )", "$parser->accept_targets(
@targets )", "$parser->accept_targets_as_text( @targets )",
"$parser->any_errata_seen()", "$parser->detected_encoding()", "$parser->encoding()",
"$parser->parse_from_file( $source, $to )", "$parser->scream( @error_messages )",
"$parser->unaccept_code( @codes )", "$parser->unaccept_codes( @codes )",
"$parser->unaccept_directive( @directives )", "$parser->unaccept_directives(
@directives )", "$parser->unaccept_target( @targets )", "$parser->unaccept_targets(
@targets )", "$parser->version_report()", "$parser->whine( @error_messages )"

ENCODING
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]", Gabor Szabo "[email protected]", Shawn H Corey "SHCOREY
at cpan.org"

Pod::Simple::Checker -- check the Pod syntax of a document
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::Debug -- put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS
GUTS
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::DumpAsText -- dump Pod-parsing events as text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML -- turn Pod into XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::HTML - convert Pod to HTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CALLING FROM THE COMMAND LINE
CALLING FROM PERL
Minimal code
More detailed example
METHODS
html_css
html_javascript
title_prefix
title_postfix
html_header_before_title
top_anchor
html_h_level
index
html_header_after_title
html_footer
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch - convert several Pod files to several HTML files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FROM THE COMMAND LINE
MAIN METHODS
$batchconv = Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch->new;, $batchconv->batch_convert( indirs, outdir
);, $batchconv->batch_convert( undef , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( q{@INC},
...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( \@dirs , ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( "somedir"
, ...);, $batchconv->batch_convert( 'somedir:someother:also' , ...);,
$batchconv->batch_convert( ... , undef );, $batchconv->batch_convert( ... , 'somedir'
);

ACCESSOR METHODS
$batchconv->verbose( nonnegative_integer );, $batchconv->index( true-or-false );,
$batchconv->contents_file( filename );, $batchconv->contents_page_start(
HTML_string );, $batchconv->contents_page_end( HTML_string );,
$batchconv->add_css( $url );, $batchconv->add_javascript( $url );,
$batchconv->css_flurry( true-or-false );, $batchconv->javascript_flurry( true-or-
false );, $batchconv->no_contents_links( true-or-false );,
$batchconv->html_render_class( classname );, $batchconv->search_class( classname
);

NOTES ON CUSTOMIZATION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::LinkSection -- represent "section" attributes of L codes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::Methody -- turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHOD CALLING
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::PullParser -- a pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
my $token = $parser->get_token, $parser->unget_token( $token ), $parser->unget_token(
$token1, $token2, ... ), $parser->set_source( $filename ), $parser->set_source(
$filehandle_object ), $parser->set_source( \$document_source ), $parser->set_source(
\@document_lines ), $parser->parse_file(...), $parser->parse_string_document(...),
$parser->filter(...), $parser->parse_from_file(...), my $title_string =
$parser->get_title, my $title_string = $parser->get_short_title, $author_name =
$parser->get_author, $description_name = $parser->get_description, $version_block =
$parser->get_version

NOTE
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken -- end-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...),
$token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring)

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken -- start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->tagname, $token->tagname(somestring), $token->tag(...),
$token->is_tag(somestring) or $token->is_tagname(somestring), $token->attr(attrname),
$token->attr(attrname, newvalue), $token->attr_hash

SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken -- text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->text, $token->text(somestring), $token->text_r()

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::PullParserToken -- tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
$token->type, $token->is_start, $token->is_text, $token->is_end, $token->dump

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::RTF -- format Pod as RTF
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FORMAT CONTROL ATTRIBUTES
$parser->head1_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head2_halfpoint_size(
halfpoint_integer );, $parser->head3_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->head4_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->codeblock_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );,
$parser->header_halfpoint_size( halfpoint_integer );, $parser->normal_halfpoint_size(
halfpoint_integer );, $parser->no_proofing_exemptions( true_or_false );,
$parser->doc_lang( microsoft_decimal_language_code )

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::Search - find POD documents in directory trees
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTOR
ACCESSORS
$search->inc( true-or-false );, $search->verbose( nonnegative-number );,
$search->limit_glob( some-glob-string );, $search->callback( \&some_routine );,
$search->laborious( true-or-false );, $search->recurse( true-or-false );,
$search->shadows( true-or-false );, $search->limit_re( some-regxp );,
$search->dir_prefix( some-string-value );, $search->progress( some-progress-object );,
$name2path = $self->name2path;, $path2name = $self->path2name;

MAIN SEARCH METHODS
"$search->survey( @directories )"
"name2path", "path2name"

"$search->simplify_name( $str )"
"$search->find( $pod )"
"$search->find( $pod, @search_dirs )"
"$self->contains_pod( $file )"
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::SimpleTree -- parse Pod into a simple parse tree
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Tree Contents
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::Subclassing -- write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Pod::Simple, Pod::Simple::Methody, Pod::Simple::PullParser, Pod::Simple::SimpleTree

Events
"$parser->_handle_element_start( element_name, attr_hashref )",
"$parser->_handle_element_end( element_name )",
"$parser->_handle_text( text_string )", events with an element_name of Document,
events with an element_name of Para, events with an element_name of B, C, F, or I,
events with an element_name of S, events with an element_name of X, events with an
element_name of L, events with an element_name of E or Z, events with an element_name
of Verbatim, events with an element_name of head1 .. head4, events with an
element_name of encoding, events with an element_name of over-bullet, events with an
element_name of over-number, events with an element_name of over-text, events with an
element_name of over-block, events with an element_name of over-empty, events with an
element_name of item-bullet, events with an element_name of item-number, events with
an element_name of item-text, events with an element_name of for, events with an
element_name of Data

More Pod::Simple Methods
"$parser->accept_targets( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->accept_targets_as_text(
SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->accept_codes( Codename, Codename... )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_data( directive_name )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_verbatim( directive_name )",
"$parser->accept_directive_as_processed( directive_name )", "$parser->nbsp_for_S(
BOOLEAN );", "$parser->version_report()", "$parser->pod_para_count()",
"$parser->line_count()", "$parser->nix_X_codes( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->keep_encoding_directive( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->merge_text( SOMEVALUE
)", "$parser->code_handler( CODE_REF )", "$parser->cut_handler( CODE_REF )",
"$parser->pod_handler( CODE_REF )", "$parser->whiteline_handler( CODE_REF )",
"$parser->whine( linenumber, complaint string )", "$parser->scream( linenumber,
complaint string )", "$parser->source_dead(1)", "$parser->hide_line_numbers( SOMEVALUE
)", "$parser->no_whining( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->no_errata_section( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->complain_stderr( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->bare_output( SOMEVALUE )",
"$parser->preserve_whitespace( SOMEVALUE )", "$parser->parse_empty_lists( SOMEVALUE )"

SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::Text -- format Pod as plaintext
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::TextContent -- get the text content of Pod
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::XHTML -- format Pod as validating XHTML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal code
METHODS
perldoc_url_prefix
perldoc_url_postfix
man_url_prefix
man_url_postfix
title_prefix, title_postfix
html_css
html_javascript
html_doctype
html_charset
html_header_tags
html_h_level
default_title
force_title
html_header, html_footer
index
anchor_items
backlink
SUBCLASSING
handle_text
handle_code
accept_targets_as_html
resolve_pod_page_link
resolve_man_page_link
idify
batch_mode_page_object_init
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream -- turn Pod into XML
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
ABOUT EXTENDING POD
SEE ALSO
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
AUTHOR
Allison Randal "[email protected]", Hans Dieter Pearcey "[email protected]", David E.
Wheeler "[email protected]"

Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
alt, code, errors, indent, loose, margin, nourls, quotes, sentence, stderr, utf8,
width

DIAGNOSTICS
Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid
errors setting "%s", Invalid quote specification "%s", POD document had syntax errors

BUGS
CAVEATS
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Overstrike, =for stopwords overstrike
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTES
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Usage - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
SYNOPSIS
ARGUMENTS
"-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-verbose", "-sections", "-output", "-input",
"-pathlist", "-noperldoc"

Formatting base class
Pass-through options
DESCRIPTION
Scripts
EXAMPLES
Recommended Use
CAVEATS
AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SEE ALSO

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Tie
EXPORTS
DIAGNOSTICS
"sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
BUGS AND WARNINGS

Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING
METHODS
permit (OP, ...)
permit_only (OP, ...)
deny (OP, ...)
deny_only (OP, ...)
trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...)
share (NAME, ...)
share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF)
varglob (VARNAME)
reval (STRING, STRICT)
rdo (FILENAME)
root (NAMESPACE)
mask (MASK)
wrap_code_ref (CODEREF)
wrap_code_refs_within (...)
RISKS
Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS FOR REFERENCES
blessed
refaddr
reftype
weaken
unweaken
isweak
OTHER FUNCTIONS
dualvar
isdual
isvstring
looks_like_number
openhandle
readonly
set_prototype
tainted
DIAGNOSTICS
Weak references are not implemented in the version of perl, Vstrings are not
implemented in the version of perl, "NAME" is only available with the XS version of
Scalar::Util

KNOWN BUGS
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Search::Dict - look - search for key in dictionary file
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The __DATA__ token
SelfLoader autoloading
Autoloading and package lexicals
SelfLoader and AutoLoader
__DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
Classes and inherited methods.
Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Socket, "Socket" - networking constants and support functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CONSTANTS
PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...
AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...
SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...
SOCK_NONBLOCK. SOCK_CLOEXEC
SOL_SOCKET
SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...
IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...
IPTOS_LOWDELAY, IPTOS_THROUGHPUT, IPTOS_RELIABILITY, ...
MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...
SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR
INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE
IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...
TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...
IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...
STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS
$family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
$sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path
($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path
($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr
$ip_mreq = pack_ip_mreq $multiaddr, $interface
($multiaddr, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq $ip_mreq
$ip_mreq_source = pack_ip_mreq_source $multiaddr, $source, $interface
($multiaddr, $source, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq_source $ip_mreq
$ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $multiaddr6, $ifindex
($multiaddr6, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq
FUNCTIONS
$ip_address = inet_aton $string
$string = inet_ntoa $ip_address
$address = inet_pton $family, $string
$string = inet_ntop $family, $address
($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]
flags => INT, family => INT, socktype => INT, protocol => INT, family => INT, socktype
=> INT, protocol => INT, addr => STRING, canonname => STRING, AI_PASSIVE,
AI_CANONNAME, AI_NUMERICHOST

($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags, [$xflags]]
NI_NUMERICHOST, NI_NUMERICSERV, NI_NAMEREQD, NI_DGRAM, NIx_NOHOST, NIx_NOSERV

getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS
EAI_AGAIN, EAI_BADFLAGS, EAI_FAMILY, EAI_NODATA, EAI_NONAME, EAI_SERVICE

EXAMPLES
Lookup for connect()
Making a human-readable string out of an address
Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
Accessing socket options
AUTHOR

Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
MEMORY STORE
ADVISORY LOCKING
SPEED
CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
CODE REFERENCES
FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable

ERROR REPORTING
WIZARDS ONLY
Hooks
"STORABLE_freeze" obj, cloning, "STORABLE_thaw" obj, cloning, serialized, ..,
"STORABLE_attach" class, cloning, serialized

Predicates
"Storable::last_op_in_netorder", "Storable::is_storing", "Storable::is_retrieving"

Recursion
Deep Cloning
Storable magic
$info = Storable::file_magic( $filename ), "version", "version_nv", "major", "minor",
"hdrsize", "netorder", "byteorder", "intsize", "longsize", "ptrsize", "nvsize",
"file", $info = Storable::read_magic( $buffer ), $info = Storable::read_magic(
$buffer, $must_be_file )

EXAMPLES
SECURITY WARNING
WARNING
BUGS
64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
CREDITS
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Sub::Util - A selection of utility subroutines for subs and CODE references
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
prototype
set_prototype
subname
set_subname
AUTHOR

Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
BUGS

Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
FUNCTIONS
openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message), syslog($priority,
$format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_priority), setlogsock(), Note, closelog()

THE RULES OF SYS::SYSLOG
EXAMPLES
CONSTANTS
Facilities
Levels
DIAGNOSTICS
"Invalid argument passed to setlogsock", "eventlog passed to setlogsock, but no Win32
API available", "no connection to syslog available", "stream passed to setlogsock, but
%s is not writable", "stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device",
"tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable", "syslog: expecting argument
%s", "syslog: invalid level/facility: %s", "syslog: too many levels given: %s",
"syslog: too many facilities given: %s", "syslog: level must be given", "udp passed to
setlogsock, but udp service unavailable", "unix passed to setlogsock, but path not
available"

HISTORY
SEE ALSO
Other modules
Manual Pages
RFCs
Articles
Event Log
AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BUGS
SUPPORT
AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request tracker,
Search CPAN, MetaCPAN, Perl Documentation

COPYRIGHT
LICENSE

TAP::Base - Base class that provides common functionality to TAP::Parser and TAP::Harness
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Base - Base class for harness output delegates
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"verbosity", "verbose", "timer", "failures", "comments", "quiet", "really_quiet",
"silent", "errors", "directives", "stdout", "color", "jobs", "show_count"

TAP::Formatter::Color - Run Perl test scripts with color
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console - Harness output delegate for default console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
"open_test"

TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession - Harness output delegate for parallel console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods

TAP::Formatter::Console::Session - Harness output delegate for default console output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
"clear_for_close"
"close_test"
"header"
"result"

TAP::Formatter::File - Harness output delegate for file output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
"open_test"

TAP::Formatter::File::Session - Harness output delegate for file output
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
result
close_test

TAP::Formatter::Session - Abstract base class for harness output delegate
VERSION
METHODS
Class Methods
"formatter", "parser", "name", "show_count"

TAP::Harness - Run test scripts with statistics
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
SYNOPSIS
METHODS
Class Methods
"verbosity", "timer", "failures", "comments", "show_count", "normalize", "lib",
"switches", "test_args", "color", "exec", "merge", "sources", "aggregator_class",
"version", "formatter_class", "multiplexer_class", "parser_class",
"scheduler_class", "formatter", "errors", "directives", "ignore_exit", "jobs",
"rules", "rulesfiles", "stdout", "trap"

Instance Methods

the source name of a test to run, a reference to a [ source name, display name ] array

CONFIGURING
Plugins
"Module::Build"
"ExtUtils::MakeMaker"
"prove"
WRITING PLUGINS
Customize how TAP gets into the parser, Customize how TAP results are output from the
parser

SUBCLASSING
Methods
"new", "runtests", "summary"

REPLACING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Harness::Beyond, Test::Harness::Beyond - Beyond make test
Beyond make test
Saved State
Parallel Testing
Non-Perl Tests
Mixing it up
Rolling My Own
Deeper Customisation
Callbacks
Parsing TAP
Getting Support

TAP::Harness::Env - Parsing harness related environmental variables where appropriate
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
create( \%args )

ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES
"HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_VERBOSE", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS", "HARNESS_OPTIONS",
"j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>", "fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_COLOR",
"HARNESS_IGNORE_EXIT"

TAP::Object - Base class that provides common functionality to all "TAP::*" modules
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser - Parse TAP output
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
"source", "tap", "exec", "sources", "callback", "switches", "test_args", "spool",
"merge", "grammar_class", "result_factory_class", "iterator_factory_class"

Instance Methods
INDIVIDUAL RESULTS
Result types
Version, Plan, Pragma, Test, Comment, Bailout, Unknown

Common type methods
"plan" methods
"pragma" methods
"comment" methods
"bailout" methods
"unknown" methods
"test" methods
TOTAL RESULTS
Individual Results
Pragmas
Summary Results
"ignore_exit"

Misplaced plan, No plan, More than one plan, Test numbers out of sequence

CALLBACKS
"test", "version", "plan", "comment", "bailout", "yaml", "unknown", "ELSE", "ALL",
"EOF"

TAP GRAMMAR
BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
Differences
TODO plans, 'Missing' tests

SUBCLASSING
Parser Components
option 1, option 2

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Michael Schwern, Andy Lester, chromatic, GEOFFR, Shlomi Fish, Torsten Schoenfeld,
Jerry Gay, Aristotle, Adam Kennedy, Yves Orton, Adrian Howard, Sean & Lil, Andreas J.
Koenig, Florian Ragwitz, Corion, Mark Stosberg, Matt Kraai, David Wheeler, Alex
Vandiver, Cosimo Streppone, Ville Skyttae

AUTHORS
BUGS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

TAP::Parser::Aggregator - Aggregate TAP::Parser results
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Summary methods
failed, parse_errors, passed, planned, skipped, todo, todo_passed, wait, exit

Failed tests, Parse errors, Bad exit or wait status

See Also

TAP::Parser::Grammar - A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
TAP GRAMMAR
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator - Base class for TAP source iterators
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array - Iterator for array-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process - Iterator for process-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream - Iterator for filehandle-based TAP sources
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory - Figures out which SourceHandler objects to use for a given
Source
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
ATTRIBUTION
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Multiplexer - Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
See Also

TAP::Parser::Result - Base class for TAP::Parser output objects
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Boolean methods
"is_plan", "is_pragma", "is_test", "is_comment", "is_bailout", "is_version",
"is_unknown", "is_yaml"

SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout - Bailout result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Comment - Comment result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Plan - Plan result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma - TAP pragma token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Test - Test result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown - Unknown result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"

TAP::Parser::Result::Version - TAP syntax version token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Result::YAML - YAML result token.
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDDEN METHODS
"as_string", "raw"

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::ResultFactory - Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects
SYNOPSIS
VERSION
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Scheduler - Schedule tests during parallel testing
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Rules data structure
By default, all tests are eligible to be run in parallel. Specifying any of your
own rules removes this one, "First match wins". The first rule that matches a test
will be the one that applies, Any test which does not match a rule will be run in
sequence at the end of the run, The existence of a rule does not imply selecting a
test. You must still specify the tests to run, Specifying a rule to allow tests to
run in parallel does not make the run in parallel. You still need specify the
number of parallel "jobs" in your Harness object

Instance Methods

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job - A single testing job.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
Attributes

TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner - A no-op job.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::Source - a TAP source & meta data about it
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler - Base class for different TAP source handlers
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable - Stream output from an executable TAP source
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File - Stream TAP from a text file.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
CONFIGURATION
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle - Stream TAP from an IO::Handle or a GLOB.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl - Stream TAP from a Perl executable
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
Example
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP - Stream output from raw TAP in a scalar/array ref.
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
SUBCLASSING
SEE ALSO

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader - Read YAMLish data from iterator
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer - Write YAMLish data
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
Class Methods
Instance Methods
a reference to a scalar to append YAML to, the handle of an open file, a reference
to an array into which YAML will be pushed, a code reference

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
COPYRIGHT

Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Supported Colors
Function Interface
color(ATTR[, ATTR ...]), colored(STRING, ATTR[, ATTR ...]), colored(ATTR-REF,
STRING[, STRING...]), uncolor(ESCAPE), colorstrip(STRING[, STRING ...]),
colorvalid(ATTR[, ATTR ...]), coloralias(ALIAS[, ATTR])

Constant Interface
The Color Stack
DIAGNOSTICS
Bad color mapping %s, Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
subs" in use, Cannot alias standard color %s, Cannot alias standard color %s in %s,
Invalid alias name %s, Invalid alias name %s in %s, Invalid attribute name %s, Invalid
attribute name %s in %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed
after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s

ENVIRONMENT
ANSI_COLORS_ALIASES, ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

COMPATIBILITY
RESTRICTIONS
NOTES
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO

Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS

Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM

Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH

Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH

Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH

Trequire

EXAMPLES
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
AUTHOR

Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various "readline" packages. If no real package is found,
substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Minimal set of supported functions
"ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN", "OUT", "MinLine", "findConsole",
Attribs, "Features"

Additional supported functions
"tkRunning", "event_loop", "ornaments", "newTTY"

EXPORTS
ENVIRONMENT

Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
QUICK START GUIDE
Functions
"plan(...)", "tests => number", "todo => [1,5,14]", "onfail => sub { ... }",
"onfail => \&some_sub"

_to_value

"ok(...)"

"skip(skip_if_true, args...)"

TEST TYPES
NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

ONFAIL
BUGS and CAVEATS
ENVIRONMENT
NOTE
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR

Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Construction
new

create

child

subtest

_plan_handled, Explicitly setting the number of tests, Setting 'no_plan', Set 'skip_all'

finalize

parent

name

reset

Setting up tests
plan

expected_tests

no_plan

_output_plan

done_testing

has_plan

skip_all

exported_to

Running tests
ok

is_eq, is_num

isnt_eq, isnt_num

like, unlike

cmp_ok

Other Testing Methods
BAIL_OUT

skip

todo_skip

skip_rest

Test building utility methods
maybe_regex

_try

is_fh

Test style
level

use_numbers

no_diag, no_ending, no_header

Output
diag

note

explain

_print

output, failure_output, todo_output

reset_outputs

carp, croak

Test Status and Info
current_test

is_passing

summary

details

todo

find_TODO

in_todo

todo_start

"todo_end"

caller

_sanity_check

_whoa

_my_exit

EXIT CODES
THREADS
MEMORY
EXAMPLES
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

COPYRIGHT

Test::Builder::IO::Scalar - A copy of IO::Scalar for Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
COPYRIGHT and LICENSE
Construction

new [ARGS...]

open [SCALARREF]

opened

close

Input and output

flush

getc

getline

getlines

print ARGS..

read BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]

write BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]

sysread BUF, LEN, [OFFSET]

syswrite BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET]

Seeking/telling and other attributes

autoflush

binmode

clearerr

eof

seek OFFSET, WHENCE

sysseek OFFSET, WHENCE

tell

use_RS [YESNO]

setpos POS

getpos

sref

WARNINGS
VERSION
AUTHORS
Primary Maintainer
Principal author
Other contributors
SEE ALSO

Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Importing
Builder

Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with Test::Builder
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Functions
test_out, test_err

test_fail

test_diag

test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err

line_num

color

BUGS
AUTHOR
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

NOTES
SEE ALSO

Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
BUGS
SEE ALSO

Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
runtests( @test_files )
execute_tests( tests => \@test_files, out => \*FH )
EXPORT
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TAP::HARNESS::COMPATIBLE SETS
"HARNESS_ACTIVE", "HARNESS_VERSION"

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
"HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_TIMER", "HARNESS_VERBOSE", "HARNESS_OPTIONS",
"j<n>", "c", "a<file.tgz>", "fPackage-With-Dashes", "HARNESS_SUBCLASS",
"HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_SUCCESS", "HARNESS_SUMMARY_COLOR_FAIL"

Taint Mode
SEE ALSO
BUGS
AUTHORS
LICENCE AND COPYRIGHT

Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
I love it when a plan comes together

done_testing

Test names
I'm ok, you're not ok.
ok

is, isnt

like

unlike

cmp_ok

can_ok

isa_ok

new_ok

subtest

pass, fail

Module tests
require_ok

use_ok

Complex data structures
is_deeply

Diagnostics
diag, note

explain

Conditional tests
SKIP: BLOCK

TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip

When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?

Test control
BAIL_OUT

Discouraged comparison functions
eq_array

eq_hash

eq_set

Extending and Embedding Test::More
builder

EXIT CODES
COMPATIBILITY
subtests, "done_testing()", "cmp_ok()", "new_ok()" "note()" and "explain()"

CAVEATS and NOTES
utf8 / "Wide character in print", Overloaded objects, Threads

HISTORY
SEE ALSO
ALTERNATIVES
TESTING FRAMEWORKS
ADDITIONAL LIBRARIES
OTHER COMPONENTS
BUNDLES
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

BUGS
SOURCE
COPYRIGHT

Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
ok

EXAMPLE
CAVEATS
NOTES
HISTORY
SEE ALSO
Test::More

AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

COPYRIGHT

Test::Tester - Ease testing test modules built with Test::Builder
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
HOW TO USE (THE EASY WAY)
HOW TO USE (THE HARD WAY)
TEST RESULTS
ok, actual_ok, name, type, reason, diag, depth

SPACES AND TABS
COLOUR
EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
HOW IT WORKS
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tester::Capture - Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tester::CaptureRunner - Help testing test modules built with Test::Builder
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
DESCRIPTION
Nuts and bolts of testing.
Where to start?
Names
Test the manual
Sometimes the tests are wrong
Testing lots of values
Informative names
Skipping tests
Todo tests
Testing with taint mode.
FOOTNOTES
AUTHORS
MAINTAINERS
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

COPYRIGHT

Test::use::ok - Alternative to Test::More::use_ok
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
Chad Granum <[email protected]>

CC0 1.0 Universal

Text::Abbrev - abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE

Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
General behaviour in list contexts
[0], [1], [2]

General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
A note about prefixes
"extract_delimited"
"extract_bracketed"
"extract_variable"
[0], [1], [2]

"extract_tagged"
"reject => $listref", "ignore => $listref", "fail => $str", [0], [1], [2], [3],
[4], [5]

"gen_extract_tagged"
"extract_quotelike"
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

"extract_quotelike" and "here documents"
[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]

"extract_codeblock"
"extract_multiple"
"gen_delimited_pat"
"delimited_pat"
DIAGNOSTICS
C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>

AUTHOR
BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
COPYRIGHT

Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLES
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Text::Tabs - expand and unexpand tabs like unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXPORTS
expand, unexpand, $tabstop

EXAMPLE
SUBVERSION
BUGS
LICENSE

Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERRIDES
EXAMPLES
SUBVERSION
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
LICENSE

Thread - Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
DEPRECATED
HISTORY
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock
VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal
VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield

METHODS
join, detach, equal, tid, done

DEFUNCT
lock(\&sub), eval, flags

SEE ALSO

Thread::Queue - Thread-safe queues
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Ordinary scalars, Array refs, Hash refs, Scalar refs, Objects based on the above

QUEUE CREATION
->new(), ->new(LIST)

BASIC METHODS
->enqueue(LIST), ->dequeue(), ->dequeue(COUNT), ->dequeue_nb(), ->dequeue_nb(COUNT),
->dequeue_timed(TIMEOUT), ->dequeue_timed(TIMEOUT, COUNT), ->pending(), ->end()

ADVANCED METHODS
->peek(), ->peek(INDEX), ->insert(INDEX, LIST), ->extract(), ->extract(INDEX),
->extract(INDEX, COUNT)

NOTES
LIMITATIONS
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Thread::Semaphore - Thread-safe semaphores
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
->new(), ->new(NUMBER), ->down(), ->down(NUMBER), ->down_nb(), ->down_nb(NUMBER),
->down_force(), ->down_force(NUMBER), ->up(), ->up(NUMBER)

NOTES
SEE ALSO
MAINTAINER
LICENSE

Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this,
STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE
this, offset, length, LIST

CAVEATS
AUTHOR

Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"recsep"
"autochomp"
"mode"
"memory"
"dw_size"
Option Format
Public Methods
"flock"
"autochomp"
"defer", "flush", "discard", and "autodefer"
"offset"
Tying to an already-opened filehandle
Deferred Writing
Autodeferring
CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
CAVEATS
SUBCLASSING
WHAT ABOUT "DB_File"?
AUTHOR
LICENSE
WARRANTY
THANKS
TODO

Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, LIST,
PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC
this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this,
offset, whence, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION
COMPATIBILITY

Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this,
NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, SCALAR this

Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
"SCALAR", "UNTIE" and "DESTROY"
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::Hash::NamedCapture - Named regexp capture buffers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO

Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
EXAMPLE
BUGS
AUTHOR

Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
THREAD SUPPORT
STORABLE SUPPORT
RELIC SUPPORT
LICENSE
MAINTAINER
AUTHOR
SEE ALSO

Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

Tie::Scalar vs Tie::StdScalar
MORE INFORMATION

Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION

Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEATS

Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm ( $useconds
[, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm (
$floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which,
$floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ),
clock_gettime ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which,
$nanoseconds, $flags = 0), clock(), stat, stat FH, stat EXPR, lstat, lstat FH, lstat
EXPR

EXAMPLES
C API
DIAGNOSTICS
useconds or interval more than ...
negative time not invented yet
internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
useconds or uinterval equal to or more than 1000000
unimplemented in this platform
CAVEATS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONS
"timelocal()" and "timegm()"
"timelocal_nocheck()" and "timegm_nocheck()"
Year Value Interpretation
Limits of time_t
Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
Negative Epoch Values
IMPLEMENTATION
BUGS
SUPPORT
COPYRIGHT
AUTHOR

Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
USAGE
Local Locales
Date Calculations
Date Comparisons
Date Parsing
YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
Week Number
Global Overriding
CAVEATS
Setting $ENV{TZ} in Threads on Win32
Use of epoch seconds
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
BUGS

Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
METHODS
AUTHOR
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Bugs

Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR

UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
"$obj->isa( TYPE )", "CLASS->isa( TYPE )", "eval { VAL->isa( TYPE ) }", "TYPE", $obj,
"CLASS", "VAL", "$obj->DOES( ROLE )", "CLASS->DOES( ROLE )", "$obj->can( METHOD )",
"CLASS->can( METHOD )", "eval { VAL->can( METHOD ) }", "VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )"

WARNINGS
EXPORTS

Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor and Tailoring
UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, highestFFFF,
identical, ignoreChar, ignoreName, ignore_level2, katakana_before_hiragana, level,
long_contraction, minimalFFFE, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul,
overrideOut, preprocess, rearrange, rewrite, suppress, table, undefChar,
undefName, upper_before_lower, variable

Methods for Collation
"@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted)", "$result = $Collator->cmp($a, $b)",
"$result = $Collator->eq($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ne($a, $b)", "$result =
$Collator->lt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->le($a, $b)", "$result =
$Collator->gt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ge($a, $b)", "$sortKey =
$Collator->getSortKey($string)", "$sortKeyForm = $Collator->viewSortKey($string)"

Methods for Searching
"$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position])", "($position,
$length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position])", "$match_ref =
$Collator->match($string, $substring)", "($match) = $Collator->match($string,
$substring)", "@match = $Collator->gmatch($string, $substring)", "$count =
$Collator->subst($string, $substring, $replacement)", "$count =
$Collator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)"

Other Methods
"%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$modified_collator =
$Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$version = $Collator->version()",
"UCA_Version()", "Base_Unicode_Version()"

EXPORT
INSTALL
CAVEATS
Normalization, Conformance Test

AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
SEE ALSO
Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table
(DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization
Forms - UAX #15, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312 - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208 - weighting JIS KANJI for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::CJK::Zhuyin - weighting CJK Unified Ideographs for Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
CAVEAT
SEE ALSO
CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository, Unicode Locale Data Markup Language
(LDML) - UTS #35, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Collate::Locale

Unicode::Collate::Locale - Linguistic tailoring for DUCET via Unicode::Collate
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Constructor
Methods
"$Collator->getlocale", "$Collator->locale_version"

A list of tailorable locales
INSTALL
CAVEAT
tailoring is not maximum

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation Element Table
(DUCET), Unicode Locale Data Markup Language (LDML) - UTS #35, CLDR - Unicode Common
Locale Data Repository, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize

Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Normalization Forms
"$NFD_string = NFD($string)", "$NFC_string = NFC($string)", "$NFKD_string =
NFKD($string)", "$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)", "$FCD_string = FCD($string)",
"$FCC_string = FCC($string)", "$normalized_string = normalize($form_name,
$string)"

Decomposition and Composition
"$decomposed_string = decompose($string [, $useCompatMapping])",
"$reordered_string = reorder($string)", "$composed_string = compose($string)",
"($processed, $unprocessed) = splitOnLastStarter($normalized)", "$processed =
normalize_partial($form, $unprocessed)", "$processed = NFD_partial($unprocessed)",
"$processed = NFC_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed =
NFKD_partial($unprocessed)", "$processed = NFKC_partial($unprocessed)"

Quick Check
"$result = checkNFD($string)", "$result = checkNFC($string)", "$result =
checkNFKD($string)", "$result = checkNFKC($string)", "$result =
checkFCD($string)", "$result = checkFCC($string)", "$result = check($form_name,
$string)"

Character Data
"$canonical_decomposition = getCanon($code_point)", "$compatibility_decomposition
= getCompat($code_point)", "$code_point_composite = getComposite($code_point_here,
$code_point_next)", "$combining_class = getCombinClass($code_point)",
"$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code_point)", "$is_exclusion =
isExclusion($code_point)", "$is_singleton = isSingleton($code_point)",
"$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($code_point)",
"$is_Full_Composition_Exclusion = isComp_Ex($code_point)", "$NFD_is_NO =
isNFD_NO($code_point)", "$NFC_is_NO = isNFC_NO($code_point)", "$NFC_is_MAYBE =
isNFC_MAYBE($code_point)", "$NFKD_is_NO = isNFKD_NO($code_point)", "$NFKC_is_NO =
isNFKC_NO($code_point)", "$NFKC_is_MAYBE = isNFKC_MAYBE($code_point)"

EXPORT
CAVEATS
Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping, Revised
definition of canonical composition

AUTHOR
SEE ALSO
http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CompositionExclusions.txt,
http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/

Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
code point argument
charinfo()
code, name, category, combining, bidi, decomposition, decimal, digit, numeric,
mirrored, unicode10, comment, upper, lower, title, block, script

charprop()
Block, Decomposition_Mapping, Name_Alias, Numeric_Value, Script_Extensions

charprops_all()
charblock()
charscript()
charblocks()
charscripts()
charinrange()
general_categories()
bidi_types()
compexcl()
casefold()
code, full, simple, mapping, status, * If you use this "I" mapping, * If you exclude
this "I" mapping, turkic

all_casefolds()
casespec()
code, lower, title, upper, condition

namedseq()
num()
prop_aliases()
prop_values()
prop_value_aliases()
prop_invlist()
prop_invmap()
"s", "sl", "correction", "control", "alternate", "figment", "abbreviation", "a", "al",
"ae", "ale", "ar", "n", "ad"

search_invlist()
Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
Blocks versus Scripts
Matching Scripts and Blocks
Old-style versus new-style block names
AUTHOR

User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
NOTE
AUTHOR

User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
System Specifics
NOTE
AUTHOR
HISTORY
March 18th, 2000

XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
VERSION
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
Migration from "DynaLoader"
Backward compatible boilerplate
Order of initialization: early load()
The most hairy case
DIAGNOSTICS
"Can't find '%s' symbol in %s", "Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s", "Undefined
symbols present after loading %s: %s"

LIMITATIONS
KNOWN BUGS
BUGS
SEE ALSO
AUTHORS
COPYRIGHT & LICENSE

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have
manual pages yet:

c2ph
h2ph
h2xs
perlbug
pl2pm
pod2html
pod2man
splain
xsubpp

Use perltoc online using onworks.net services