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PROGRAM:

NAME

rxvt_(ouR_XVT) - a VT102 emulator for the X window system

SYNOPSIS

rxvt [options] [-e command [ args ]]

DESCRIPTION

rxvt, version 2.7.10, is a colour vt102 terminal emulator intended as an xterm(1)
replacement for users who do not require features such as Tektronix 4014 emulation and
toolkit-style configurability. As a result, rxvt uses much less swap space -- a
significant advantage on a machine serving many X sessions.

OPTIONS

The rxvt options (mostly a subset of xterm's) are listed below. In keeping with the
smaller-is-better philosophy, options may be eliminated or default values chosen at
compile-time, so options and defaults listed may not accurately reflect the version
installed on your system. “rxvt -h” gives a list of major compile-time options on the
Options line. Option descriptions may be prefixed with which compile option each is
dependent upon. e.g. “Compile XIM:” requires XIM on the Options line. Note: “rxvt -help”
gives a list of all command-line options compiled into your version.

Note that rxvt permits the resource name to be used as a long-option (--/++ option) so the
potential command-line options are far greater than those listed. For example: “rxvt
--loginShell --color1 Orange”.

Also note that if you do not explicitly specify a font (-fn and -fm) or a multichar
encoding method (-km), rxvt will select a font for the preferable encoding according to
your locale. Supported encodings are: ISO-8859-n (n=1...15), KOI8-R, KOI8-U, EUC-JP,
Shift_JIS, EUC-KR, EUC-CN (aka GB), and Big5.

The following options are available:

-help, --help
Print out a message describing available options.

-display displayname
Attempt to open a window on the named X display (-d still respected). In the
absence of this option, the display specified by the DISPLAY environment variable
is used.

-geometry geom
Window geometry (-g still respected); resource geometry.

-rv|+rv
Turn on/off simulated reverse video; resource reverseVideo.

-j|+j Turn on/off jump scrolling; resource jumpScroll.

-ip|+ip
Turn on/off inheriting parent window's pixmap. Alternative form is -tr; resource
inheritPixmap.

-bg colour
Window background colour; resource background.

-fg colour
Window foreground colour; resource foreground.

-pixmap: file[;geom]
Compile XPM: Specify XPM file for the background and also optionally specify its
scaling with a geometry string. Note you may need to add quotes to avoid special
shell interpretation of the “;” in the command-line; resource backgroundPixmap.

-cr colour
The cursor colour; resource cursorColor.

-pr colour
The mouse pointer colour; resource pointerColor.

-bd colour
The colour of the border between the xterm scrollbar and the text; resource
borderColor.

-fn fontname
Main normal text font; resource font.

-fb fontname
Main bold text font; resource boldFont.

-fm fontname
Main multicharacter font; resource mfont.

-km mode
Compile multichar_languages: Multiple-character font-set encoding mode; eucj: EUC
Japanese encoding. sjis: Shift JIS encoding. big5: BIG5 encoding. gb: GB
encoding. kr: EUC Korean encoding. noenc: no encoding; resource
multichar_encoding.

-grk mode
Compile Greek: Greek keyboard translation; iso: ISO-8859 mapping. ibm: IBM-437
mapping; resource greek_keyboard.

-name name
Specify the application name under which resources are to be obtained, rather than
the default executable file name. Name should not contain “.” or “*” characters.
Also sets the icon and title name.

-ls|+ls
Start as a login-shell/sub-shell; resource loginShell.

-ut|+ut
Compile utmp: Inhibit/enable writing a utmp entry; resource utmpInhibit.

-vb|+vb
Turn on/off visual bell on receipt of a bell character; resource visualBell.

-sb|+sb
Turn on/off scrollbar; resource scrollBar.

-si|+si
Turn on/off scroll-to-bottom on TTY output inhibit; resource scrollTtyOutput has
opposite effect.

-sk|+sk
Turn on/off scroll-to-bottom on keypress; resource scrollTtyKeypress.

-sw|+sw
Turn on/off scrolling with the scrollback buffer as new lines appear. This only
takes effect if -si is also given; resource scrollWithBuffer.

-sr|+sr
Put scrollbar on right/left; resource scrollBar_right.

-st|+st
Display normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar without/with a trough; resource
scrollBar_floating.

-mcc|+mcc
Compile multichar_languages: treat multibyte glyphs as single character for
backspace, delete and cursor movement keys; resource multibyte_cursor.

-iconic
Start iconified, if the window manager supports that option. Alternative form is
-ic.

-sl number
Save number lines in the scrollback buffer. See resource entry for limits;
resource saveLines.

-b number
Compile frills: Internal border of number pixels. See resource entry for limits;
resource internalBorder.

-w number
Compile frills: External border of number pixels. Also, -bw and -borderwidth. See
resource entry for limits; resource externalBorder.

-lsp number
Compile linespace: Lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of the display;
resource linespace.

-tn termname
This option specifies the name of the terminal type to be set in the TERM
environment variable. This terminal type must exist in the termcap(5) database and
should have li# and co# entries; resource termName.

-im method
This option specifies the input method to use; resource inputMethod.

-e command [arguments]
Run the command with its command-line arguments in the rxvt window; also sets the
window title and icon name to be the basename of the program being executed if
neither -title (-T) nor -n are given on the command line. If this option is used,
it must be the last on the command-line. If there is no -e option then the default
is to run the program specified by the SHELL environment variable or, failing that,
sh(1).

-title text
Window title (-T still respected); the default title is the basename of the program
specified after the -e option, if any, otherwise the application name; resource
title.

-n text
Icon name; the default name is the basename of the program specified after the -e
option, if any, otherwise the application name; resource iconName.

-C Capture system console messages.

-pt style
Compile XIM: input style for input method; OverTheSpot, OffTheSpot, Root; resource
preeditType.

-im text
Compile XIM: input method name. resource inputMethod.

-mod modifier
Override detection of Meta modifier with specified key: alt, meta, hyper, super,
mod1, mod2, mod3, mod4, mod5; resource modifier.

-xrm resourcestring
No effect on rxvt. Simply passes through an argument to be made available in the
instance's argument list. Appears in WM_COMMAND in some window managers.

RESOURCES (available also as long-options)

Note: “rxvt --help” gives a list of all resources (long options) compiled into your
version. If compiled with internal Xresources support (i.e. rxvt -h lists .Xdefaults)
then rxvt accepts application defaults set in XAPPLOADDIR/Rxvt (compile-time defined:
usually /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Rxvt) and resources set in ~/.Xdefaults, or
~/.Xresources if ~/.Xdefaults does not exist. Note that when reading X resources, rxvt
recognizes two class names: XTerm and Rxvt. The class name XTerm allows resources common
to both rxvt and xterm to be easily configured, while the class name Rxvt allows resources
unique to rxvt, notably colours and key-handling, to be shared between different rxvt
configurations. If no resources are specified, suitable defaults will be used. Command-
line arguments can be used to override resource settings. The following resources are
allowed:

geometry: geom
Create the window with the specified X window geometry [default 80x24]; option
-geometry.

background: colour
Use the specified colour as the window's background colour [default White]; option
-bg.

foreground: colour
Use the specified colour as the window's foreground colour [default Black]; option
-fg.

colorn: colour
Use the specified colour for the colour value n, where 0-7 corresponds to low-
intensity (normal) colours and 8-15 corresponds to high-intensity (bold = bright
foreground, blink = bright background) colours. The canonical names are as
follows: 0=black, 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue, 5=magenta, 6=cyan, 7=white, but
the actual colour names used are listed in the COLORS AND GRAPHICS section.

colorBD: colour
Use the specified colour to display bold characters when the foreground colour is
the default.

colorUL: colour
Use the specified colour to display underlined characters when the foreground
colour is the default.

colorRV: colour
Use the specified colour as the background for reverse video characters.

cursorColor: colour
Use the specified colour for the cursor. The default is to use the foreground
colour; option -cr.

cursorColor2: colour
Use the specified colour for the colour of the cursor text. For this to take
effect, cursorColor must also be specified. The default is to use the background
colour.

reverseVideo: boolean
True: simulate reverse video by foreground and background colours; option -rv.
False: regular screen colours [default]; option +rv. See note in COLORS AND
GRAPHICS section.

jumpScroll: boolean
True: specify that jump scrolling should be used. When scrolling quickly, fewer
screen updates are performed [default]; option -j. False: specify that smooth
scrolling should be used; option +j.

inheritPixmap: boolean
True: make the background inherit the parent windows' pixmap, giving artificial
transparency. False: do not inherit the parent windows' pixmap.

scrollColor: colour
Use the specified colour for the scrollbar [default #B2B2B2].

troughColor: colour
Use the specified colour for the scrollbar's trough area [default #969696]. Only
relevant for normal (non XTerm/NeXT) scrollbar.

backgroundPixmap: file[;geom]
Use the specified XPM file (note the “.xpm” extension is optional) for the
background and also optionally specify its scaling with a geometry string WxH+X+Y,
in which “W” / “H” specify the horizontal/vertical scale (percent) and “X” / “Y”
locate the image centre (percent). A scale of 0 displays the image with tiling. A
scale of 1 displays the image without any scaling. A scale of 2 to 9 specifies an
integer number of images in that direction. No image will be magnified beyond 10
times its original size. The maximum permitted scale is 1000. [default 0x0+50+50]

menu: file[;tag]
Read in the specified menu file (note the “.menu” extension is optional) and also
optionally specify a starting tag to find. See the reference documentation for
details on the syntax for the menuBar.

path: path
Specify the colon-delimited search path for finding files (XPM and menus), in
addition to the paths specified by the RXVTPATH and PATH environment variables.

font: fontname
Select the main text font used [default 7x14]; option -fn.

fontn: fontname
Specify the alternative font n. The default font values:

font: 7x14
font1: 6x10
font2: 6x13
font3: 8x13
font4: 9x15

boldFont: fontname
Specify the name of the bold font to use if colorBD has not been specified and it
is not possible to map the default foreground colour to colour 8-15 [default NONE].
This font must be the same height and width as the normal font; option -fb.

mfont: fontname
Select the main multiple-character text font used [default k14]; option -fk.

mfontn: fontname
Specify the alternative multiple-character font n. If compiled for multiple-
character fonts, the Roman and multiple-character font sizes should match.

multichar_encoding: mode
Set the encoding mode to be used when multicharacter encoding is received; eucj:
EUC Japanese encoding [default for Kanji]. sjis: Shift JIS encoding. big5: BIG5
encoding. gb: GB encoding. kr: EUC Korean encoding. noenc: no encoding; option
-km.

greek_keyboard: mode
Set the Greek keyboard translation mode to be used; iso: ISO-8859 mapping
(elot-928) [default]. ibm: IBM-437 mapping (DOS codepage 737); option -grk.

greektoggle_key: keysym
Set the key to toggle keyboard input between no translation and Greek translation
[default Mode_switch]. For more details, see the distributed file README.greek.

selectstyle: mode
Set mouse selection style to old which is 2.20, oldword which is xterm style with
2.20 old word selection, or anything else which gives xterm style selection.

scrollstyle: mode
Set scrollbar style to rxvt, next or xterm (only supported by the rxvt-xpm binary)

title: string
Set window title string, the default title is the command-line specified after the
-e option, if any, otherwise the application name; option -title.

iconName: string
Set the name used to label the window's icon or displayed in an icon manager
window, it also sets the window's title unless it is explicitly set; option -n.

mapAlert: boolean
True: de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character. False: no de-iconify (map)
on receipt of a bell character [default].

visualBell: boolean
True: use visual bell on receipt of a bell character; option -vb. False: no visual
bell [default]; option +vb.

loginShell: boolean
True: start as a login shell by prepending a “-” to argv[0] of the shell; option
-ls. False: start as a normal sub-shell [default]; option +ls.

utmpInhibit: boolean
True: inhibit writing record into the system log file utmp; option -ut. False:
write record into the system log file utmp [default]; option +ut.

print-pipe: string
Specify a command pipe for vt100 printer [default lpr(1)]. Use Print to initiate a
screen dump to the printer and Ctrl-Print or Shift-Print to include the scrollback
as well.

scrollBar: boolean
True: enable the scrollbar [default]; option -sb. False: disable the scrollbar;
option +sb.

scrollBar_right: boolean
True: place the scrollbar on the right of the window; option -sr. False: place the
scrollbar on the left of the window; option +sr.

scrollBar_floating: boolean
True: display an rxvt scrollbar without a trough; option -st. False: display an
rxvt scrollbar with a trough; option +st.

scrollBar_align: mode
Align the top, bottom or centre [default] of the scrollbar thumb with the pointer
on middle button press/drag.

scrollTtyOutput: boolean
True: scroll to bottom when tty receives output; option(+si). False: do not scroll
to bottom when tty receives output; option(-si).

scrollWithBuffer: boolean
True: scroll with scrollback buffer when tty recieves new lines (and
scrollTtyOutput is False); option(+sw). False: do not scroll with scrollback
buffer when tty recieves new lines; option(-sw).

scrollTtyKeypress: boolean
True: scroll to bottom when a non-special key is pressed. Special keys are those
which are intercepted by rxvt for special handling and are not passed onto the
shell; option(-sk). False: do not scroll to bottom when a non-special key is
pressed; option(+sk).

smallfont_key: keysym
If enabled, use Alt-keysym to toggle to a smaller font [default Alt-<]

bigfont_key: keysym
If enabled, use Alt-keysym to toggle to a bigger font [default Alt->]

saveLines: number
Save number lines in the scrollback buffer [default 64]. This resource is limited
on most machines to 65535; option -sl.

internalBorder: number
Internal border of number pixels. This resource is limited to 100; option -b.

externalBorder: number
External border of number pixels. This resource is limited to 100; option -w, -bw,
-borderwidth.

termName: termname
Specifies the terminal type name to be set in the TERM environment variable; option
-tn.

linespace: number
Specifies number of lines (pixel height) to insert between each row of the display
[default 0]; option -lsp.

meta8: boolean
True: handle Meta (Alt) + keypress to set the 8th bit. False: handle Meta (Alt) +
keypress as an escape prefix [default].

mouseWheelScrollPage: boolean
True: the mouse wheel scrolls a page full. False: the mouse wheel scrolls five
lines [default].

multibyte_cursor: boolean
True: consider multibyte glyphs as single character for backspace, delete and
cursor movement keys; option -mcc. False: move through all components of all
glyphs; option +mcc.

backspacekey: string
The string to send when the backspace key is pressed. If set to DEC or unset it
will send Delete (code 127) or, if shifted, Backspace (code 8) - which can be
reversed with the appropriate DEC private mode escape sequence.

deletekey: string
The string to send when the delete key (not the keypad delete key) is pressed. If
unset it will send the sequence traditionally associated with the Execute key.

cutchars: string
The characters used as delimiters for double-click word selection. The built-in
default:
"&'()*,;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~

preeditType: style
OverTheSpot, OffTheSpot, Root; option -pt.

inputMethod: name
name of inputMethod to use; option -im.

modifier: modifier
Set the key to be interpreted as the Meta key to: alt, meta, hyper, super, mod1,
mod2, mod3, mod4, mod5; option -mod.

answerbackString: string
Specify the reply rxvt sends to the shell when an ENQ (control-E) character is
passed through. It may contain escape values as described in the entry on keysym
following.

keysym.sym: string
Associate string with keysym sym (0xFF00 - 0xFFFF). It may contain escape values
(\a: bell, \b: backspace, \e, \E: escape, \n: newline, \r: return, \t: tab, \000:
octal number) or control characters (^?: delete, ^@: null, ^A ...) and may enclosed
with double quotes so that it can start or end with whitespace. The intervening
resource name keysym. cannot be omitted. This resource is only available when
compiled with KEYSYM_RESOURCE.

THE SCROLLBAR

Lines of text that scroll off the top of the rxvt window (resource: saveLines) and can be
scrolled back using the scrollbar or by keystrokes. The normal rxvt scrollbar has arrows
and its behaviour is fairly intuitive. The xterm-scrollbar is without arrows and its
behaviour mimics that of xterm

Scroll down with Button1 (xterm-scrollbar) or Shift-Next. Scroll up with Button3 (xterm-
scrollbar) or Shift-Prior. Continuous scroll with Button2.

MOUSE REPORTING

To temporarily override mouse reporting, for either the scrollbar or the normal text
selection/insertion, hold either the Shift or the Meta (Alt) key while performing the
desired mouse action.

If mouse reporting mode is active, the normal scrollbar actions are disabled -- on the
assumption that we are using a fullscreen application. Instead, pressing Button1 and
Button3 sends ESC[6~ (Next) and ESC[5~ (Prior), respectively. Similarly, clicking on the
up and down arrows sends ESC[A (Up) and ESC[B (Down), respectively.

TEXT SELECTION AND INSERTION

The behaviour of text selection and insertion mechanism is similar to xterm(1).

Selection:
Left click at the beginning of the region, drag to the end of the region and
release; Right click to extend the marked region; Left double-click to select a
word; Left triple-click to select the entire line.

Insertion:
Pressing and releasing the Middle mouse button (or Shift-Insert) in an rxvt window
causes the current text selection to be inserted as if it had been typed on the
keyboard.

CHANGING FONTS

You can change fonts on-the-fly, which is to say cycle through the default font and others
of various sizes, by using Shift-KP_Add and Shift-KP_Subtract. Or, alternatively (if
enabled) with Alt-> and Alt-<, where the actual key can be selected using resources
smallfont_key/bigfont_key.

LOGIN STAMP

rxvt tries to write an entry into the utmp(5) file so that it can be seen via the who(1)
command, and can accept messages. To allow this feature, rxvt must be installed setuid
root on some systems.

COLORS AND GRAPHICS

If graphics support was enabled at compile-time, rxvt can be queried with ANSI escape
sequences and can address individual pixels instead of text characters. Note the graphics
support is still considered beta code.

In addition to the default foreground and background colours, rxvt can display up to 16
colours (8 ANSI colours plus high-intensity bold/blink versions of the same). Here is a
list of the colours with their rgb.txt names.

color0 (black) = Black
color1 (red) = Red3
color2 (green) = Green3
color3 (yellow) = Yellow3
color4 (blue) = Blue3
color5 (magenta) = Magenta3
color6 (cyan) = Cyan3
color7 (white) = AntiqueWhite
color8 (bright black) = Grey25
color9 (bright red) = Red
color10 (bright green) = Green
color11 (bright yellow) = Yellow
color12 (bright blue) = Blue
color13 (bright magenta) = Magenta
color14 (bright cyan) = Cyan
color15 (bright white) = White
foreground = Black
background = White

It is also possible to specify the colour values of foreground, background, cursorColor,
cursorColor2, colorBD, colorUL as a number 0-15, as a convenient shorthand to reference
the colour name of color0-color15.

Note that -rv (“reverseVideo: True”) simulates reverse video by always swapping the
foreground/background colours. This is in contrast to xterm(1) where the colours are only
swapped if they have not otherwise been specified. For example,

rxvt -fg Black -bg White -rv
would yield White on Black, while on xterm(1) it would yield Black on White.

ENVIRONMENT

rxvt sets the environment variables TERM, COLORTERM and COLORFGBG. The environment
variable WINDOWID is set to the X window id number of the rxvt window and it also uses and
sets the environment variable DISPLAY to specify which display terminal to use. rxvt uses
the environment variables RXVTPATH and PATH to find XPM files.

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