v.what.rastgrass - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

v.what.rast - Uploads raster values at positions of vector points to the table.

KEYWORDS

vector, sampling, raster, position, querying, attribute table

SYNOPSIS

v.what.rast
v.what.rast --help
v.what.rast [-ip] map=name [layer=string] [type=string[,string,...]] raster=name
[column=name] [where=sql_query] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]

Flags:
-i
Interpolate values from the nearest four cells

-p
Print categories and values instead of updating the database

--help
Print usage summary

--verbose
Verbose module output

--quiet
Quiet module output

--ui
Force launching GUI dialog

Parameters:
map=name [required]
Name of vector points map for which to edit attributes
Or data source for direct OGR access

layer=string
Layer number or name
Vector features can have category values in different layers. This number determines
which layer to use. When used with direct OGR access this is the layer name.
Default: 1

type=string[,string,...]
Input feature type
Options: point, centroid
Default: point

raster=name [required]
Name of existing raster map to be queried

column=name
Name of attribute column to be updated with the query result

where=sql_query
WHERE conditions of SQL statement without ’where’ keyword
Example: income < 1000 and inhab >= 10000

DESCRIPTION

v.what.rast retrieves raster value from a given raster map for each point or centroid
stored in a given vector map. It can update a column in the linked vector attribute table
with the retrieved raster cell value or print it. The column type needs to be numeric
(integer, float, double, ...).

If the -p flag is used, then the attribute table is not updated and the results are
printed to stdout.

If the -i flag is used, then the value to be uploaded to the database is interpolated from
the four nearest raster cells values using an inverse distance weighting method (IDW).
This is useful for cases when the vector point density is much higher than the raster cell
size.

Points and centroid with shared category number cannot be processed. To solved this,
unique categories may be added with v.category in a separate layer.

NOTES

If multiple points have the same category, the attribute value is set to NULL. If the
raster value is NULL, then attribute value is set to NULL.

v.what.rast operates on the attribute table. To modify the vector geometry instead, use
v.drape.

Categories and values are output unsorted with the print flag. To sort them pipe the
output of this module into the UNIX sort tool (sort -n). If you need coordinates, after
sorting use v.out.ascii and the UNIX paste tool (paste -d’|’). In the case of a NULL
result, a "*" will be printed in lieu of the value.

The interpolation flag is only useful for continuous value raster maps, if a categorical
raster is given as input the results will be nonsense. Since the search window is limited
to four raster cells there may still be raster cell-edge artifacts visible in the results,
this compromise has been made for processing speed. If one or more of the nearest four
raster cells is NULL, then only the raster cells containing values will be used in the
weighted average.

EXAMPLES

Transferring raster values into existing attribute table of vector points map
Reading values from raster map at position of vector points, writing these values into a
column of the attribute table connected to the vector map:

# work on copy of original geodetic points map
g.copy vector=geodetic_pts,mygeodetic_pts
# set computational region to raster map to be queried
g.region raster=elev_state_500m -p
# add new column to existing table
v.db.addcolumn map=mygeodetic_pts column="height double precision"
v.what.rast map=mygeodetic_pts raster=elev_state_500m column=height
# compare official geodetic heights to those of elevation model
v.db.select map=mygeodetic_pts columns=Z_VALUE,height separator=comma

Transferring raster values into new vector points map
In case of a vector map without attached attribute table, first add a new attribute table.
This table is then populated with values queried from the raster map:

# create new random vector points map
v.random pnts n=100
# add new table, link to map
v.db.addtable map=pnts column="height double precision"
# set computational region to raster map to be queried
g.region raster=elevation -p
# query raster map and upload values to vector table into specified column
v.what.rast map=pnts raster=elevation column=height
# verify new attribute table:
v.db.select pnts
# verify statistics of uploaded values:
v.univar map=pnts column=height type=point

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