timidity - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

TiMidity++ - MIDI-to-WAVE converter and player

SYNOPSIS

timidity [options] filename [...]

DESCRIPTION

TiMidity++ is a converter that converts some of MIDI files (supported formats: Standard
MIDI files (*.mid), Recomposer files (*.rcp, *.r36, *.g18, *.g36) and Module files
(*.mod)) into formatted audio files (e.g. RIFF WAVE). TiMidity++ uses Gravis
Ultrasound-compatible patch files or Soundfonts (*.sfx, *.sf2) to generate digital audio
data from MIDI files. The digital audio data generated by TiMidity++ can be stored in a
file for processing, or played in real time through an audio device.
In real time playing, TiMidity++ can show the lyrics contained in KAR or WRD files.

FILENAME

You can use the following expressions as the filename argument:

- Read a MIDI file from standard input.

path/filename
Read a MIDI file from the specified path on a filesystem.

dir:directory
directory/
Read and play all MIDI files in the specified directory. For example,

% timidity some/where/

plays all files in the directory some/where/.

Archive File
Extract and play the file(s) in the archive. If you want to specify a certain MIDI
file in the archive, append #<MIDI-filename> to the archive name. The path after
`#' allows the use of the wildcard expressions (case insensitive).
You can use escape sequence \xHH, where `HH' is a ASCII number in hexadecimal
integer.

For example:

% timidity file.zip#file.mid
Plays file.mid in file.zip

% timidity file.lzh#*.mid
Plays any files that match the wildcard expression *.mid in file.lzh

% timidity file.tgz#*
This expression is the same as file.tgz

Since these mechanism are contained in TiMidity++ itself, you can use this syntax
even in the MS Windows environment.

TiMidity++ can handle the following archive formats:

tar (*.tar)

tar+gzip (*.tar.gz, *.tgz)

zip (*.zip)

lzh (*.lzh, *.lha)
(lh0, lh1, lh2, lh3, lh4, lh5, lh6, lz4, lzs and lz5 are available)

Other archives can be expanded if expander command is specified on the compile
phase. TiMidity++ will pipe that command.

news://news-server[:port]/Message-ID
news://news-server[:port]/newsgroup[/first-last]
Play the MIDI file in the specified article on the news server. If a newsgroup is
specified TiMidity++ plays all MIDI files found in any article posted to that
newsgroup.
TiMidity++ parses MIME Multi-part messages in case of news://* scheme, extracts
MIDI file that was post to that group, or in case of normal file, you can
explicitly handle MIME documents by naming that file with *.mime extension, or
prefix that file with mime:

The following MIME-types are allowed:

uu-encoded file
begin
is required

base64 encoded
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
is required

quoted-string
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-string
is required

Mac BinHex format
only HQX format is available

http://address
ftp://address
Play the file specified in the URL.

For example:

% timidity http://www.goice.co.jp/member/mo/dist/midi/impromptu.mid
plays the specified MIDI-file directly from the network.

If these expression are used in the *.cfg files, you can even use patch-files (and
others) from remote machines.

INPUT FILE

TiMidity++ can handle the following file formats:

.mid, .rmi (Format 0, 1, 2)
Standard MIDI File

.rcp, .r36, .g18, .g36 (Recomposer formats)
Recomposer format which is product for COME ON MUSIC co.

.mfi (MFi Version 3 - Melody Format for i-Mode)
i-Mode is Japanese local mobile phone

.kar (Karaoke format)
Displays the lyrics as a Lyric Meta Event message.

.mod, mod.* (Module file)

.wrd (WRD format)

OPTIONS

The following command line options are accepted by TiMidity++:

-A [n][,m](a)
--amplification=n
--drumpower=m
--[no-]volume-compensation
Multiplies the master volume by n%. Default value is 70%. Higher amplification
makes louder sounds. You can specify the drum power, ratio of drum volume from the
other channels. The allowed values of amplification range from 0 (no sound) to
800.
Optionally to put `a' character along with -a option, or to use
--volume-compensation, instructs TiMidity++ to regularize the volume. You can
easily gain dynamic range.

For example:

-A90 volume 90%, drum power 100%, compensation is off

-A,120 volume 70%, drum power 120%, compensation is off

-A90,120
volume 90%, drum power 120%, compensation is off

-Aa volume 70%, drum power 100%, compensation is on

-A90a volume 90%, drum power 100%, compensation is on

-A,120a
volume 70%, drum power 120%, compensation is on

-A90,120a
volume 90%, drum power 120%, compensation is on

-a, --[no-]anti-alias
Turns on anti-aliasing. Samples are run through a lowpass filter before playing,
which reduces aliasing noise at low resampling frequencies.

-B n,m, --buffer-fragments=n,m
For the Linux/FreeBSD/OSS/ALSA/Windows sound driver, selects the number of buffer
fragments in interactive mode. Increasing the number of fragments may reduce
choppiness when many processes are running. It will make TiMidity++ seem to
respond sluggishly to fast forward, rewind, and volume controls, and it will throw
the status display off sync. Specify a fragments number of 0 to use the maximum
number of fragments available.

-C n, --control-ratio=n
Sets the ratio of sampling and control frequencies. This determines how often
envelopes are recalculated -- small ratios yield better quality but use more CPU
time.

-c file, --config-file=file
Reads an extra configuration file.

-D n, --drum-channel=n
Marks channel as a drum channel. If channel is negative, channel -n is marked as
an instrumental channel. If n is 0, all channels are marked as instrumental.

-d dir, --interface-path=dir
Specifies the directory containing installed dynamic-link interface modules.

-E mode, --ext=mode
Set TiMidity++ extend modes. The following modes are available (capitalized switch
means disable this feature):

w/W, --[no-]mod-wheel
Enable/disable modulation controlling.

p/P, --[no-]portamento
Enable/disable portamento controlling.

v/V, --[no-]vibrato
Enable/disable NRPM vibration.

s/S, --[no-]ch-pressure
Enable/disable channel pressure controlling.

e/E, --[no-]mod-envelope
Enable/disable modulation envelope controlling.

t/T, --[no-]trace-text-meta
Enable/disable tracing all Text Meta Events.

o/O, --[no-]overlap-voice
Accept/reject pronouncing multiple same notes.

z/Z, --[no-]temper-control
Enable/disable MIDI Tuning Standard temperament controlling.

mHH, --default-mid=HH
Sets the manufacturer ID to HH (where HH are two hex-digits).
HH values of GS/gs, XG/xg or GM/gm are understood as 41, 43 and 7e
respectively.

MHH, --system-mid=HH
Sets the system manufacturer ID to HH (where HH are two hex-digits).
In this option, the manufacture ID is set unchangeable. Manufacture ID from
the input file would be ignored.

bn, --default-bank=n
Use tone bank n as the default.

Bn, --force-bank=n
Sets the bank number of all channels to n.

in[/m], --default-program=n[/m]
Use the program number as the default instrument. Any Program Change events
in MIDI files will override this option.
If n is followed by /m the default program number of the channel m is
specified by n.

In[/m], --force-program=n[/m]
Similar to -Ei but this ignores all program changes.

F args For effects. See below. In args option, you can specify following effect
options:

delay=(d|l|r|b)[,msec], --delay=(d|l|r|b)[,msec]
Sets delay type.

d, 0 Disabled delay effect.

l, 1 Left delay.

r, 2 Right delay.

b, 3 Swap left & right.

Optional msec is the delay time.

chorus=(d|n|s)[,level], --chorus=(d|n|s)[,level]

d, 0 Disable this effect.

n, 1 Enable MIDI chorus effect control.

s, 2 Surround sound, chorus detuned to a lesser degree (default).

The optional parameter level specifies the chorus level 0 to 127.

reverb=(d|n|g|f|G)[,level], --reverb=(d|n|g|f|G)[,level]

d, 0 Disable MIDI reverb effect control.

n, 1 Enable MIDI reverb effect control. This effect is only
available in stereo.

g, 2 Global reverb effect.

f, 3 Freeverb MIDI reverb effect control (default).

G, 4 Global freeverb effect.

The optional parameter level specifies the reverb level 0 to 127.

vlpf=(d|c|m), --voice-lpf=(d|c|m)

d, 0 Disable LPF effect.

c, 1 Chamberlin resonant LPF (12dB/oct) (default).

m, 2 Moog resonant low-pass VCF (24dB/oct)

ns=n, --noise-shaping=n
Enable the n th degree noiseshaping filter. The distortion at decay
stage is improved, but the noise on human auditory feeling increases
because it shifts to a high frequency. In case of 8-bit linear
encoding, valid values of n are in the interval from 0 (min) to 4
(max). Default value is 4. In case of 16-bit linear encoding, valid
values of n are in the interval from 0 to 4. According to the value,
it works as following. Default value is 4.

0 No noise shaping.

1 Traditional noise shaping.

2 Overdrive-like soft-clipping + new noise shaping.

3 Tube-amplifier-like soft-clipping + new noise shaping.

4 New noise shaping.

resamp=(d|l|c|L|n|g), --resample=(d|l|c|L|n|g)

d, 0 No interpolation.

l, 1 Linear interpolation.

c, 2 Cubic spline interpolation.

L, 3 Lagrange method.

n, 4 Newton polynomial interpolation.

g, 5 Modified Gauss effect (default).

This option affects the behavior of -N option.

-e, --evil
Make TiMidity++ evil. For the Win32 version, this increases the task priority by
one. It can give better playback when you switch tasks at the expense of slowing
all other tasks down.

-F, --[no-]fast-panning
Turns on fast panning to accommodate MIDI pieces that expect panning adjustments to
affect notes that are already playing. Some files that don't expect this have a
habit of flipping balance rapidly between left and right, which can cause severe
popping when the -F flag is used.
In the current version of TiMidity++ this option is a toggle.

-f, --[no-]fast-decay
Toggles fast envelopes. This option makes TiMidity++ faster but the release time
of the notes are shortened.

-g sec, --spectrogram=sec
Open the Sound-Spectrogram window. This option is activated if the system has
support for the X Window System.

-H n, --force-keysig=n
Specify the key signature. MIDI playback is transposed to the key with the same
number of sharps (when n is positive) or flats (when n is negative). Valid values
for n range from -7 to 7. For example, if n is 1, MIDI playback would transpose 1
flat (i.e., F major or D minor).

-h, --help
Show the help message.

-i mode, --interface=mode
--realtime-priority=n
--sequencer-ports=n
Selects the user interfaces from the compiled-in alternatives. mode must be begun
with one of the supported interface identifiers. Run TiMidity++ with the -h option
to see a list.
For ALSA sequencer interface, optionally to use --realtime-priority, set the
realtime priority by n, and to use --sequencer-ports, set the number of opened
sequencer ports. Default value is 4.
The following identifiers may be available:

-id dumb interface

-in ncurses interface

-is S-Lang interface

-ia X Athena Widget interface

-ik Tcl/Tk interface

-im Motif interface

-iT vt100 interface

-ie Emacs interface
(use ``M-x timidity'' in Emacs)

-ii skin interface
Environment variable TIMIDITY_SKIN must be set to the path of the skin data
(compressed data are also supported).

-ig GTK+ interface

-ir Launch TiMidity++ as MIDI server.

-iA Launch TiMidity++ as ALSA sequencer client.

-iW Windows synthesizer interface

-iw Windows GUI interface

-iP PortMIDI synthesizer interface

-ip UMP interface

Interface options
Option characters may be added immediately after the interface identifier.
The following options are recognized:

v, --verbose=n
Increases verbosity level. This option is cumulative.

q, --quiet=n
Decreases verbosity level. This option is cumulative.

t, --[no-]trace
Toggles trace mode. In trace mode, TiMidity++ attempts to display
its current state in real time. For the Linux sound driver, this is
accomplished through the use of short DMA buffer fragments, which can
be tuned via the -B option.

l, --[no-]loop
Loop playing (some interfaces ignore this option)

r, --[no-]random
Randomize file list arguments before playing

s, --[no-]sort
Sort file list arguments before playing

D, --[no-]background
Daemonize TiMidity++ in background (for alsaseq only)

-j, --[no-]realtime-load
Enable the loading of patch files during play.

-K n, --adjust-key=n
Adjusts key (i.e., transposes the song) by n half tones. Ranges from -24 to 24.

-k msec, --voice-queue=msec
Specify audio queue time limit to reduce voices. If the remaining audio buffer is
less than msec milliseconds, TiMidity++ tries to kill some voices. This feature
makes it possible to play complicated MIDI files on slow CPUs. Setting msec to
zero tells TiMidity++ to never remove any voices.

-L path, --patch-path=path
Adds path to the library path. Patch, configuration, and MIDI files are searched
along this path. Directories added last will be searched first. Note that the
current directory is always searched first before the library path.

-M name, --pcm-file=name
TiMidity++ can play a PCM file instead of a MIDI file. If ``auto'' is specified,
TiMidity++ tries to open foo.mid.wav or foo.mid.aiff when playing foo.mid. If
``none'' is specified, this feature is disabled. Otherwise just plays name.

-m msec, --decay-time=msec
Modify envelope volume decay time. msec is the minimum number of milliseconds to
sustain a sustained note.

-m0 Disable sustain ramping, causes constant volume sustains (default).

-m1 Effectively behaves as if all sustains are ignored, volume ramping is the
same as normal stage 3.

-m3000 A note at full volume will decay for 3 seconds once it begins to be
sustained (assuming the regular stage 3 rate would not cause it to decay
even longer). Softer notes will of course die sooner.

-N n, --interpolation=n
Sets interpolation parameter. This option depends on the -EFresamp option's value.

cspline, lagrange
Toggles 4-point linear interpolation (default is on).

newton n point interpolation using Newton polynomials. n must be an odd number
from 1 to 57.

gauss n+1 point modified Gauss interpolation. Ranges 0 (disable) to 34 (max),
default to 25.

In either way, linear interpolation is used if audio queue < 99%.

-O mode, --output-mode=mode
--flac-verify
--flac-padding=n
--flac-complevel=n
--oggflac
--speex-quality=n
--speex-vbr
--speex-abr=n
--speex-vad
--speex-dtx
--speex-complexity=n
--speex-nframes=n
Selects the output mode from the compiled-in alternatives. mode must begin with
one of the supported output mode identifiers. Run TiMidity++ with the -h option to
see the list.
Special in Ogg FLAC output mode, verifying generated data (will be a bit slower),
the size of header padding (default is 4096), the compression level (0 to 8)
(default is 5), and enabling OggFLAC stream can be specified by --flac-verify,
--flac-padding, --flac-complevel and --oggflac options respectively.
Special in Ogg Speex output mode, the compression quality (0 to 10) (default is 8),
Enabling VBR output, enabling ABR output and setting the ratio to n, enabling VAD
(voice activity detection), enabling DTX (discontinuous transmission), the encoding
complexity (0 to 10) (default is 3), and frames in a single Ogg packet (0 to 10)
(default is 1) can be specified by --speex-quality, --speex-vbr, --speex-abr,
--speex-vad, --speex-dtx, --speex-complexity and --speex-nframes options
respectively.
The following identifiers are available in all versions:

-Od Outputs via audio device (default)

-Os Output to ALSA

-Or Generate raw waveform data. All format options are supported. Common
formats include:

-OrU u-Law

-Or1sl 16-bit signed linear PCM

-Or8ul 8-bit unsigned linear PCM

-Ou Generate Sun Audio (au) data

-Oa Generate AIFF data

-Ow Generate RIFF WAVE format output. If output is directed to a non-seekable
file, or if TiMidity++ is interrupted before closing the file, the file
header will contain 0xffffffff in the RIFF and data block length fields.
The popular sound conversion utility sox is able to read such malformed
files, so you can pipe data directly to sox for on-the-fly conversion to
other formats.

-Ol List MIDI events

-OM MOD -> MIDI conversion

-Oe EsounD

-Op PortAudio

-Oj JACK

-OR aRts

-OA Alib

-Ov Ogg Vorbis

-OF Ogg FLAC

-OS Ogg Speex

-OO libdao

Format options
Option characters may be added immediately after the mode identifier to
change the output format. The following options are recognized:

S, --output-stereo
Stereo

M, --output-mono
Monophonic

s, --output-signed
Signed output

u, --output-unsigned
Unsigned output

1, --output-16bit
16-bit sample width

2, --output-24bit
24-bit sample width

8, --output-8bit
8-bit sample width

l, --output-linear
Linear encoding

U, --output-ulaw
u-Law (8-bit) encoding

A, --output-alaw
A-Law encoding

x, --[no-]output-swab
Byte-swapped output

Note that some options have no effect on some modes. For example, you
cannot generate a byte-swapped RIFF WAVE file, or force uLaw output on a
Linux PCM device.

-o file, --output-file=file
Place output on file, which may be a file, device, or HP-UX audio server, depending
on the output mode selected with the -O option. The special filename `-' causes
output to be placed on stdout.

-P file, --patch-file=file
Use patch file for all programs.

-p [n](a)
--polyphony=n
--[no-]polyphony-reduction
Sets polyphony (maximum number of simultaneous voices) to n.
Optionally to put `a' character along with -p option, or to use
--polyphony-reduction, instructs TiMidity++ to enable automatic polyphony reduction
algorithm.

-Q n[,...](t)
--mute=n[,...]
--temper-mute=n[,...]
Cause channel n to be quiet. n can carry out package specification by `,'. If n
is 0, all channels are turned off. Continuously, specifying -n, channel n is
turned back on.
On the other hand, to put `t' character after -Q option or to use --temper-mute
describes temperament mute. This mutes channels of specific temperament type n.
For preset temperament, n can range 0 to 3. For user-defined temperament, n can
range 4 to 7.

-q sec/n, --audio-buffer=sec/n
Specify audio buffer in seconds. sec maximum size of buffer, n percentage filled
at the beginning (default is 5.0/100) (size of 100% equals the whole device buffer
size).

-R msec
Enables Pseudo Reverb Mode. It sets every instrument's release to msec ms. If
msec is 0, msec is set to 800 (default).

-S n, --cache-size=n
Sets the re-sample cache size to n bytes. If n equals 0 any sample caches are
disabled. The default value of n is 2097152 (2MB).

-s freq, --sampling-freq=freq
Sets the resampling frequency (Hz or kHz). Not all sound devices are capable of
all frequencies -- an approximate frequency may be selected, depending on the
implementation.

-T n, --adjust-tempo=n
Adjust tempo to n%; 120 play MOD files with an NTSC Amiga's timing.

-t code, --output-charset=code
Sets output coding of Japanese text. Possible values of code are:

auto determined by the LANG environment variable.

ascii Translates non-ASCII code to period.

nocnv No conversion.

1251 Convert from windows-1251 to koi8-r.

euc Outputs EUC (Japan) coding.

jis Outputs JIS coding.

sjis Outputs SJIS coding.

-U, --[no-]unload-instruments
Unload all instruments from memory between MIDI files. This can reduce memory
requirements when playing many files in succession.

-V power, --volume-curve=power
Set the power of volume curve. The total amplification becomes volume^power. 0
(default) uses the regular tables. Any non-zero value causes all midi to use the
new user defined velocity/volume/expression curve (linear: 1, ideal: ~1.661, GS:
~2).

-v, --version
Show the version string

-W mode, --wrd=mode
Play WRD file.

Allowed values of mode are:

x X Window System mode

w Windows console mode

t TTY mode

d Dumb mode (outputs WRD events directory)

- do not trace WRD

R[opts]
Sets WRD options:

a1=b1,a2=b2,...
Sets the WRD options. an is the name of option and bn is the value.

d=n Emulates timing (@WAIT, @WMODE) bugs of the original MIMPI player.
The emulation levels are:

-WRd=0 do not emulate any bugs of MIMPI

-WRd=1 only emulate some bugs (default)

-WRd=2 emulate all known bugs

F=file Use file as WRD file only no file matching *.wrd is found.

f=file Uses file as WRD file.

WRD mode must also use trace mode (option -i?t) or the timing of the WRD events
will be terrible.

-w mode, --rcpcv-dll=mode
Extended mode for MS Windows. The following options are available:

-w r Use rcpcv.dll to play RCP/R36 files.

-w R Do not use rcpcv.dll (default).

-x str, --config-string=str
Configure TiMidity++ with str. The format of str is the same as timidity.cfg.

For example:
-x'bank 0\n0 violin.pat'
Sets the instrument number 0 to violin.
Character `\' (Ascii 0x5c) in the str is treated as escape character like in C
literals. For example \n is treated as carriage return.

-Z file, --freq-table=file
Cause the table of frequencies to be read from file. This is useful to define a
tuning different from 12-equal temperament. If ``pure'' is specified, TiMidity++
plays in trial pure intonation.

-Zpure[n(m)], --pure-intonation=[n(m)]
Play in trial pure intonation by Key Signature meta-event in the MIDI file.
You can specify the initial keysig by hand, in case the MIDI file does not
contains the meta-event. Optionally, n is the number of key signature. In
case of sharp, n is positive. In case of flat, n is negative. Valid values
of n are in the interval from -7 to 7. In case of minor mode, you should
put `m' character along with -Zpure option.

--module=n
Simulate behavior of specific synthesizer module as much as possible. For the
moment, the value of n defined is as follows:

0 TiMidity++ Default

1 Roland SC-55

2 Roland SC-88

3 Roland SC-88Pro

4 Roland SC-8850

5-15 Reserved for GS family

16 YAMAHA MU-50

17 YAMAHA MU-80

18 YAMAHA MU-90

19 YAMAHA MU-100

20-31 Reserved for XG family

32 SoundBlaster Live!

33 SoundBlaster Audigy

34-111 Reserved for other synthesizer modules

112 TiMidity++ Special 1

113-126
Reserved for TiMidity++ specification purposes

127 TiMidity++ Debug

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